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Okul Yöneticilerinin ve Öğretmenlerin Okul Kültürüne İlişkin Görüşleri / Views of School Managers and Teachers about School Culture

Year 2017, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 28 - 45, 30.03.2017

Ali Sabancı , Ahmet Şahin , Melek Alev Sönmez Ozan Yılmaz

Abstract

Betimsel tarama modelinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmanın amacı, yönetici ve öğretmenlerin okullarının örgüt kültürü hakkındaki görüşlerini belirlemektir. Araştırmanın evreni Antalya ili merkez ilçelerinde çalışmakta olan 11690 Anaokulu, Ilköğretim Kurumu (ilkokulu ve ortaokul), Anadolu Lisesi ile Mesleki ve Teknik Lise öğretmen ve yöneticilerinden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında 20
maddeden oluşan “Örgüt Kültürü” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Maddelerde “kesinlikle katılmıyorum”dan “kesinlikle katılıyorum”a kadar değişen Likert tipi beşli derecelendirme ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Örneklem grubundaki öğretmen ve yöneticilere 1600 anket gönderilmiş ve 1441 adedi geri dönmüştür. Geçersiz anketler ayıklandıktan sonra 1284 anket değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Hem yöneticilerin hem de öğretmenlerin görüşlerini belirlemek üzere verilerin analizinde homojenlik varsayımının karşılanma durumuna göre parametrik veya prarametrik olmayan testlerden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bulgular her okul tipi için özgün ve eşsiz bir örgüt kültürü tipinin olmadığını, aksine örgüt kültürünün okulun ilgisi neye yönelikse daha çok ondan etkilendiğini ve ona göre şekillendiğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca mesleki ve teknik liselerde rol ve güç kültürünün daha baskın olduğu görülmüştür.

Keywords

Kültür örgüt kültürü okul kültürü okul yöneticisi öğretmen.

References

  • Akgül, A. & Çevik, O. (2003). İstatistiksel analiz teknikleri: SPSS’te işletme uygulamaları. Ankara: Emek Ofset.
  • Alvesson, M. (2002). Understanding organizational culture. London: Sage Publications.
  • Alvesson, M., & Sveningsson, S. (2008). Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. USA: Routledge.
  • Argyris, C. (2010). Organizational traps: Leadership, culture, organizational design. USA: Oxford University Press Inc.
  • Alvesson, M. (2011). Organizational Culture: Meaning, Discourse, and Identity. In N.M.Ashkanasy, C.P.M.
  • Wilderom, and M.F. Peterson (Eds). The handbook of organizational culture and climate (2nd edition) (11-28). Los Angles: Sage.
  • Baumard, P. & Starbuck, W. H, (2001). Where are Organizational Cultures Going? In C.A. Cooper & P.C. Earey (Eds). The international handbook of organizational culture and climate (522-531). England: John Wiley & Sons, ltd.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2003). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni, SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2010). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Combs, A. W., Miser, A. B., & Whitaker, K. S. (1999). On becoming a school leader: A person-centered challenge. Alexandria: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Çelikten, M. (2006). Okul kültürünün şekillendirilmesinde müdürün rolleri. Eğitim ve Bilim, 31(140), 56-61.
  • Deal, T., & Peterson, K. (1990). The principal’s role in shaping school culture. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.
  • Demirkol, A. Y., & Savaş, A. C. (2012). Okul müdürlerinin örgüt kültürü algılarının incelenmesi. SDÜ Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Mayıs (25), 259-272.
  • Demirtaş, Z. (2010). Okul kültürü ile öğrenci başarısı arasındaki ilişki. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(158), 3-13.
  • Dimmock, C. A., & O'Donoghue, T. A. (2005). Innovative school principals and restructuring: Life history portraits of successful managers of change. Canada: Routledge.
  • Engels, N., Hotton, G., Devos, G., Bouckenooghe, D., & Aelterman, A. (2008). Principals in schools with a positive school culture. Educational Studies, 34(3), 159-174.
  • Fleming, J., & Kleinhenz, E. (2007). Towards a moving school: Developing a professional learning and performance culture (No. 1). Victoria: ACER Press, Aust Council for Ed Research.
  • Gelsthorpe, T., & West-Burnham, J. (2003). Educational leadership and the community: strategies for school improvement through community engagement. Edinburgh: Pearson Education Ltd.
  • Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tahtam, R.L. & Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (Fifth Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
  • Harrison, R. (1972). Understanding your organization’s character. Harvard Business Review, 50 (23), 119–28.
  • Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. W. (2011). Organizational behavior (13th edition). USA: South-Western Cengage Learning.
  • Helvacı, M. A., & Aydoğan, İ. (2011). Etkili okul ve etkili okul müdürüne ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4/2, 41-60.
  • Higgins-D’Alessandro, A., & Sadh, D. (1998). The dimensions and measurement of school culture: Understanding school culture as the basis for school reform. International Journal of Educational Research, 27(7), 553-569.
  • Hofstede, G., Neuijen, B., Ohayv, D. D., & Sanders, G. (1990). Measuring organizational cultures: A qualitative and quantitative study across twenty cases. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(2), 286- 316. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J. & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • İpek, C. (1999). Resmi Liseler ile Özel Liselerde Örgütsel Kültür ve Öğretmen- Öğrenci İlişkisi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eğitim Yönetimi ve Planlaması Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi,
  • Jurasaite-Harbison, E., & Rex, L. A. (2010). School cultures as contexts for informal teacher learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(2), 267-277.
  • Keyton, J. (2005). Communication and organizational culture: A key to understanding work experiences. USA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Korkut, A., & Hacıfazlıoğlu, Ö. (2011). Öğretmenlerin okul kültürünü algılama düzeyleri: Büyükçekmece örneği. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(37), 135-152.
  • Krejcie, R.V. & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30 (3), 607-610.
  • Lam, S. F., Yim, P.S., & Lam, T. W. H. (2002). Transforming school culture: can true collaboration be initiated?. Educational Research, 44(2), 181-195.
  • Leithwood, K. A. (1990). The Principal's Role in Teacher Development. In B. Joyce (Ed.). School culture through staff development (71-90). USA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Marzano, R. J., Waters, T., & McNulty, B. A. (2005). School leadership that works: From research to results. Alexandria: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • MacNeil, A. J., Prater, D. L., & Busch, S. (2009). The effects of school culture and climate on student achievement. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 12(1), 73-84.
  • Maslowski, R. (2001). School culture and school performance. An explorative study into the organizational culture of secondary schools and their effects. Netherlands: Twente University Press.
  • Montana, P. J. C. & Charnov, B. H. (2000). Management. New York: Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
  • Ngang, T. K. (2011). The effect of transformational leadership on school culture in male’primary schools Maldives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2575-2580.
  • Özdemir, A. (2006). Okul kültürünün oluşturulması ve çevreye tanıitılmasında okul müdürlerinden beklenen ve onlarda gözlenen davranışlar. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(4), 411-436.
  • Pheysey, D. C. (1993). Organizational cultures: Types and transformations. New York: Taylor & Francis.
  • Sackmann, S. A. (2011). Culture and Performance. In N.M. Ashkanasy, C.P.M. Wilderom, & M.F. Peterson (Eds). The handbook of organizational culture and climate (Second edition). (188-224). Los Angles: Sage.
  • Schermerhorn, J.R., Hunt, J.G., & Osborn, R.N. (2002). Organizational behavior Essentials (7th edition). USA: Wiley.
  • Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th. ed.). USA: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Schmoker, M. (1996). Results: The key to continuous school improvement. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Schabracq, M. J. (2007). Changing organizational culture: The change agent's guidebook. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Sparrow, P.R. (2001). Assessment and research methods. In C.L. Cooper, S. Cartwright & P.C. Early (Eds.). The international handbook of organizational culture and climate. (85-106). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sezgin, F. (2010). Öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılığının bir yordayıcısı olarak okul kültürü. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(156), 142-159.
  • Sinha, J. B. (2008). Culture and organizational behaviour. India: SAGE Publications.
  • Şahin-Fırat, N. (2010). Okul müdürü ve öğretmenlerin okul kültürü ile değer sistemlerine ilişkin algıları. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(156), 71-83.
  • Zmuda, A., Kuklis, R., & Kline, E. (2004). Transforming schools: Creating a culture of continuous improvement. Alexandria, Virginia, USA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

Views of School Managers and Teachers about School Culture / Okul Yöneticilerinin ve Öğretmenlerin Okul Kültürüne İlişkin Görüşleri

Year 2017, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 28 - 45, 30.03.2017

Ali Sabancı , Ahmet Şahin , Melek Alev Sönmez Ozan Yılmaz

Abstract

The purpose of the study, which was conducted as a survey using a descriptive method, was to determine the views of school managers and teachers about their school cultures. The data were collected from teachers and managers working in Kindergartens, Primary Schools, Anatolian High Schools, and Vocational and Technical High Schools in the province of Antalya, Turkey via the “Organizational Culture Questionnaire” consisting of 20 items designed with five-point Likert scales, ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. The population of the research consisted of 11690 teachers and managers working in these schools. Out of 1600 questionnaires sent to managers and teachers, a total of 1441 questionnaires were responded. After the invalid questionnaires were eliminated, 1284 questionnaires were included in the analysis. In order to determine the views of both managers’ and teachers’ means, frequencies, standard deviations, parametric and non-parametric test were utilized. Consequently, the findings show that school culture is not unique for all types of schools, more than that whatever the focus is in the school the culture is affected and shaped accordingly. The findings also imply that vocational and technical high schools seem to reflect more role and power culture.

Keywords

Culture organizational culture school culture school managers teachers.

References

  • Akgül, A. & Çevik, O. (2003). İstatistiksel analiz teknikleri: SPSS’te işletme uygulamaları. Ankara: Emek Ofset.
  • Alvesson, M. (2002). Understanding organizational culture. London: Sage Publications.
  • Alvesson, M., & Sveningsson, S. (2008). Changing organizational culture: Cultural change work in progress. USA: Routledge.
  • Argyris, C. (2010). Organizational traps: Leadership, culture, organizational design. USA: Oxford University Press Inc.
  • Alvesson, M. (2011). Organizational Culture: Meaning, Discourse, and Identity. In N.M.Ashkanasy, C.P.M.
  • Wilderom, and M.F. Peterson (Eds). The handbook of organizational culture and climate (2nd edition) (11-28). Los Angles: Sage.
  • Baumard, P. & Starbuck, W. H, (2001). Where are Organizational Cultures Going? In C.A. Cooper & P.C. Earey (Eds). The international handbook of organizational culture and climate (522-531). England: John Wiley & Sons, ltd.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2003). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni, SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum. Ankara: PegemA Yayıncılık.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2010). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Combs, A. W., Miser, A. B., & Whitaker, K. S. (1999). On becoming a school leader: A person-centered challenge. Alexandria: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Çelikten, M. (2006). Okul kültürünün şekillendirilmesinde müdürün rolleri. Eğitim ve Bilim, 31(140), 56-61.
  • Deal, T., & Peterson, K. (1990). The principal’s role in shaping school culture. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.
  • Demirkol, A. Y., & Savaş, A. C. (2012). Okul müdürlerinin örgüt kültürü algılarının incelenmesi. SDÜ Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Mayıs (25), 259-272.
  • Demirtaş, Z. (2010). Okul kültürü ile öğrenci başarısı arasındaki ilişki. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(158), 3-13.
  • Dimmock, C. A., & O'Donoghue, T. A. (2005). Innovative school principals and restructuring: Life history portraits of successful managers of change. Canada: Routledge.
  • Engels, N., Hotton, G., Devos, G., Bouckenooghe, D., & Aelterman, A. (2008). Principals in schools with a positive school culture. Educational Studies, 34(3), 159-174.
  • Fleming, J., & Kleinhenz, E. (2007). Towards a moving school: Developing a professional learning and performance culture (No. 1). Victoria: ACER Press, Aust Council for Ed Research.
  • Gelsthorpe, T., & West-Burnham, J. (2003). Educational leadership and the community: strategies for school improvement through community engagement. Edinburgh: Pearson Education Ltd.
  • Hair, J.F., Anderson, R.E., Tahtam, R.L. & Black, W.C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (Fifth Edition). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
  • Harrison, R. (1972). Understanding your organization’s character. Harvard Business Review, 50 (23), 119–28.
  • Hellriegel, D. & Slocum, J. W. (2011). Organizational behavior (13th edition). USA: South-Western Cengage Learning.
  • Helvacı, M. A., & Aydoğan, İ. (2011). Etkili okul ve etkili okul müdürüne ilişkin öğretmen görüşleri. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4/2, 41-60.
  • Higgins-D’Alessandro, A., & Sadh, D. (1998). The dimensions and measurement of school culture: Understanding school culture as the basis for school reform. International Journal of Educational Research, 27(7), 553-569.
  • Hofstede, G., Neuijen, B., Ohayv, D. D., & Sanders, G. (1990). Measuring organizational cultures: A qualitative and quantitative study across twenty cases. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(2), 286- 316. Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J. & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  • İpek, C. (1999). Resmi Liseler ile Özel Liselerde Örgütsel Kültür ve Öğretmen- Öğrenci İlişkisi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eğitim Yönetimi ve Planlaması Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi,
  • Jurasaite-Harbison, E., & Rex, L. A. (2010). School cultures as contexts for informal teacher learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(2), 267-277.
  • Keyton, J. (2005). Communication and organizational culture: A key to understanding work experiences. USA: Sage Publications, Inc.
  • Korkut, A., & Hacıfazlıoğlu, Ö. (2011). Öğretmenlerin okul kültürünü algılama düzeyleri: Büyükçekmece örneği. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(37), 135-152.
  • Krejcie, R.V. & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30 (3), 607-610.
  • Lam, S. F., Yim, P.S., & Lam, T. W. H. (2002). Transforming school culture: can true collaboration be initiated?. Educational Research, 44(2), 181-195.
  • Leithwood, K. A. (1990). The Principal's Role in Teacher Development. In B. Joyce (Ed.). School culture through staff development (71-90). USA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Marzano, R. J., Waters, T., & McNulty, B. A. (2005). School leadership that works: From research to results. Alexandria: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • MacNeil, A. J., Prater, D. L., & Busch, S. (2009). The effects of school culture and climate on student achievement. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 12(1), 73-84.
  • Maslowski, R. (2001). School culture and school performance. An explorative study into the organizational culture of secondary schools and their effects. Netherlands: Twente University Press.
  • Montana, P. J. C. & Charnov, B. H. (2000). Management. New York: Barron's Educational Series, Inc.
  • Ngang, T. K. (2011). The effect of transformational leadership on school culture in male’primary schools Maldives. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2575-2580.
  • Özdemir, A. (2006). Okul kültürünün oluşturulması ve çevreye tanıitılmasında okul müdürlerinden beklenen ve onlarda gözlenen davranışlar. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(4), 411-436.
  • Pheysey, D. C. (1993). Organizational cultures: Types and transformations. New York: Taylor & Francis.
  • Sackmann, S. A. (2011). Culture and Performance. In N.M. Ashkanasy, C.P.M. Wilderom, & M.F. Peterson (Eds). The handbook of organizational culture and climate (Second edition). (188-224). Los Angles: Sage.
  • Schermerhorn, J.R., Hunt, J.G., & Osborn, R.N. (2002). Organizational behavior Essentials (7th edition). USA: Wiley.
  • Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th. ed.). USA: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Schmoker, M. (1996). Results: The key to continuous school improvement. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Schabracq, M. J. (2007). Changing organizational culture: The change agent's guidebook. West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  • Sparrow, P.R. (2001). Assessment and research methods. In C.L. Cooper, S. Cartwright & P.C. Early (Eds.). The international handbook of organizational culture and climate. (85-106). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Sezgin, F. (2010). Öğretmenlerin örgütsel bağlılığının bir yordayıcısı olarak okul kültürü. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(156), 142-159.
  • Sinha, J. B. (2008). Culture and organizational behaviour. India: SAGE Publications.
  • Şahin-Fırat, N. (2010). Okul müdürü ve öğretmenlerin okul kültürü ile değer sistemlerine ilişkin algıları. Eğitim ve Bilim, 35(156), 71-83.
  • Zmuda, A., Kuklis, R., & Kline, E. (2004). Transforming schools: Creating a culture of continuous improvement. Alexandria, Virginia, USA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Other Fields of Education (Other)
Journal Section Educational Sciences and Sciences of Field Education
Authors

Ali Sabancı

Ahmet Şahin

Melek Alev Sönmez

Ozan Yılmaz

Publication Date March 30, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Sabancı, A., Şahin, A., Sönmez, M. A., Yılmaz, O. (2017). Views of School Managers and Teachers about School Culture / Okul Yöneticilerinin ve Öğretmenlerin Okul Kültürüne İlişkin Görüşleri. E-Uluslararası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 8(1), 28-45.
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