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Development of Compassion Fatigue Scale in Psychological Counselors / Psikolojik Danışmanlarda Şefkat Yorgunluğu Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 284 - 298, 28.02.2023

Durmuş Ümmet Süleyman Metin Sinan Okur

https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1191665

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to develop a measurement tool to measure the compassion fatigue level of psychological counselors working in the field of mental health. The study group of the research consists of a total of 725 (518 female and 207 male) psychological counselors. In the study, psychometric properties of the scale were revealed by calculating exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, criterion-related validity, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency value and item analysis. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, a 21-item four-dimensional scale was obtained that explained 53% of the total variance. Scale factor loads range between .504 and .781. The four-dimensional structure of the scale was tested by performing confirmatory factor analysis on a different sample group. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the fit between the model and the data was at an acceptable level (χ2= 315.43, p= .000, sd= 181, χ2/sd= 1.74, CFI= .91, TLI= .90, SRMR= .05, RMSEA= .06). Item estimation values of the scale range between .39 and .80. In addition, statistically significant relationships were found in the criterion-related validity study conducted with a different sample. In the analyzes performed within the scope of reliability analyzes, the Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient for the overall scale was calculated as .890 and the Guttman coefficient as .872. For the sub-dimensions, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency values ranged from .683 to .836. Similarly, Guttman coefficient for the sub-dimensions varies between .612 and .837. When the item-total correlation values for the scale were calculated, it was determined that there were values between .374 and .701. All these findings prove that the Compassion Fatigue Scale in Psychological Counselors is a valid and reliable measurement tool. The results obtained in the research were discussed and interpreted taking into account the studies in the literature.

Keywords

Education Psychological counselors Compassion fatigue Compassion fatigue scale

References

  • Abendroth, M., & Flannery, J. (2006). Predicting the risk of compassion fatigue: a study of hospice nurses. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing, 8(6), 346-356.
  • Akbulut, Y. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS uygulamaları. İdeal Kültür Yayıncılık.
  • Avcu, A. (2021). Test geliştirmede modern yaklaşımlar: R istatistik programı uygulamaları. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Bayat, B. (2014). Uygulamalı sosyal bilim araştırmalarında ölçme, ölçekler ve “likert” ölçek kurma tekniği. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3),1-24.
  • Boscarino, J., Adams, R., & Figley, C. (2010). Secondary trauma issues for psychiatrists: identifying vicarious trauma and job burnout. Psychiatric Times, 27(11), 24-26.
  • Boyle, D. A. (2011). Countering compassion fatigue: a requisite nursing agenda. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 16(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol16No01Man02
  • Braunschneider, H. (2013). Preventing and managing compassion fatigue and burnout in nursing. ESSAI, 11, 14-18.
  • Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. The Guilford Press.
  • Burridge, L.H., Winch, S., Kay, M., & Henderson, A. (2017). Building compassion literacy: enabling care in primary health care nursing. Collegian, 24(1), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2015.09.004
  • Burtson, P. L., & Stichler, J. F. (2010). Nursing work environment and nurse caring: relationship among motivational factors. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66, 1819-1831.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32(32), 470-483.
  • Chang, S. J., Van Witteloostuijn, A., & Eden, L. (2010). From the editors: common method variance in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(2), 178-184.
  • Coetzee, S. K., & Laschinger, H. K. S. (2018). Toward a comprehensive, theoretical model of compassion fatigue: an integrative literature review. Nursing & Health Sciences, 20 (1), 4-15.
  • Collins, S., & Long, A. (2003). Working with psychological effects of trauma: consequences for mental healthcare workers—A literature review. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10(4), 417-424. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2850.2003.00620.x
  • Cornwell, J., & Goodrich, J. (2009). Ensuing compassionate care in hospital. Nursing Times, 105(15), 14-17. DeVellis, R. (2014). Ölçek geliştirme. Kuram ve uygulamalar (Çev. Ed. T. Totan). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Drury, V., Craigie, M., Francis, K., Aoun, S., & Hegney, D. G. (2014). Compassion sat isfaction, compassion fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress in registered nurses in Australia: phase 2 results. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(4), 519-531.
  • Franza, F., Buono, G. D., & Pellegrino, F. (2015). Psychiatric caregiver stress: clinical implications of compassion fatigue. Psychiatr Danub, 27, 321-327.
  • Freudenberger, H. (1974) Staff Burnout. Journal of Social Issues, 30, 159-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x
  • Gilbert, P., & Irons, C. (2005). Compassionate mind training, for shame and self-attacking, using cognitive, behavioral, emotional and imagery interventions. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: conceptualizations, research, and use in psychotherapy (pp. 263-325). Brunner-Routledge.
  • Harrington, C. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. Oxford University Press.
  • Hiçdurmaz, D. ve İnci, F. A. (2015). Eşduyum yorgunluğu: Tanımı, nedenleri ve önlenmesi. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 7(3), 295-303.
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: a Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Jacobowitz, W., Moran, C., Best, C., & Mensah, L. (2015). Post-traumatic stress, trauma-informed care, and compassion fatigue in psychiatric hospital staff: correlational study. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 36, 890-899.
  • Joinson, C. (1992). Coping with compassion fatigue. Nursing, 22(4), 118-121.
  • Karasar, N. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (19. Baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Kline, P. (2013). Handbook of psychological testing. Routledge.
  • Lachman, V. D. (2016). Compassion fatigue as a threat to ethical practice: identification, personal and workplace prevention/management strategies. Medsurg Nursing, 25(4), 275-278.
  • Ledoux, K. (2015). Under standing compassion fatigue: understandig compassion. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(9), 2041-2050.
  • Leka, S., Hassard, J., & Yanagida, A. (2012). Investigating the impact of psychosocial risks and occupational stress on psychiatric hospital nurses' mental well-being in Japan. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19, 123-131.
  • Mangoulia, P., Koukia, E., Alevizopoulos, G., Fildissis, G., Katostaras, T. (2015). Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among psychiatric nurses in Greece. Arch Psychiatr Nurs, 29, 333-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2015.06.001
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: comment on hypothesistesting approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320-341. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2
  • Maytum, J. C., Heiman, M. B., & Garwick, A. W. (2004) Compassion fatigue and burnout in nurses who work with children with chronic conditions and their families. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 18(4), 171-179.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223-250.
  • Nolte, A. G. W., Downing, C., Temane, A., & Hastings-Tolsma, M. (2017). Compassion fatigue in nurses: a metasynthesis. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(3), 1-15.
  • Newell, J. M., & MacNeil, G. A. (2010). Professional burnout, vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue: a review of theoretical terms, risk factors and preventative methods for clinicians and researchers. Best Practices in Mental Health: an International Journal, 6(2), 57-68.
  • Pallant, J. (2007). SPSS survival manual. A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (3rd Ed.). Open University Press.
  • Perry, B., Toffner, G., Merrick, T., & Dalton, J. (2011). An exploration of the experience of compassion fatigue in clinical oncology nurses. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal, 21(2), 91-97.
  • Pines, A. M. (2005). The Burnout Measure Short Version (BMS). International Journal of Stress Management, 12(1), 78-88.
  • Potter, P., Deshields, T., & Divanbeigi, J. (2010). Compassion fatigue and burnout: prevalence among oncology nurses. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 14(5), E56-62.
  • Ray, S. L., Wong, C., White, D., & Heaslip, K. (2013). Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, work life conditions, and burnout among frontline mental health care professionals. Traumatology, 19(4), 255-267. http://doi.org/10.177/1534765612471144
  • Rossi, A., Cetrano, G., Pertile, R., Rabbi, L., Donisi, V., Grigoletti, L., Curtolo, C., Tansella, M., Thornicroft, G., & Amaddeo, F. (2012). Burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction among staff in community-based mental health services. Psychiatry Research, 200(2-3), 933-938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.07.029
  • Schmidt, M., & Haglund, K. (2017). Debrief in emergency departments to improve compassion fatigue and promote resiliency. Journal Of Trauma Nursing, 24(5), 317-322.
  • Schroeter, K. (2014). Compassion fatigue: an unwanted reflection of your reality. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 21(2), 37-38.
  • Scott, P. (2000). Emotion, moral perception, and nursing practice. Nursing Philosophy, 1(2), 123-133.
  • Showalter, S. E. (2010). Compassion fatigue: what is it? Why does it matter? Recognizing the symptoms, acknowledging the impact, developing the tools to prevent compassion fatigue and strengthen the professional already suffering from the effects. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, 27(4), 239-242.
  • Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş (Temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları). Ekinoks Yayıncılık.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2012). Using multivariate statistics (6. Baskı). Pearson.
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2005). Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Thomas, R. B., & Wilson, J. P. (2004). Issues and controversies in the understanding and diagnosis of compassion fatigue, vicarious traumatization, and secondary traumatic stress disorder. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 6(2), 81-92.
  • Turgoose, D., & Maddox, L. (2017). Predictors of compassion fatigue in mental health professionals: a narrative review. Traumatology, 23(2), 172-185. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000116
  • Tümkaya, S., Sabahattin, Ç. A. M. ve Çavuşoğlu, İ. (2009). Tükenmişlik Ölçeği Kısa Versiyonu’nun Türkçeye uyarlama geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 18(1), 387-398.
  • Uslu E. ve Buldukoğlu K. (2017). Psikiyatri hemşireliğinde şefkat yorgunluğu: Sistematik derleme. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 9(4), 421-430. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.310831
  • Van der Cingel, M. (2009). Compassion and professional care: exploring the domain. Nursing Philosophy: an International Journal For Healthcare Professionals, 10(2), 124-136.
  • Wang, J., & Wang, X. (2012). Structural equation modeling: applications using Mplus. Higher Education Press.
  • Yıldırım, S., & Cavcav, F. (2021). The Compassion Fatigue‐Short Scale for healthcare professionals: a Turkish study of validity and reliability. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(3), 1459-1465. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12712
  • Yolder, E. A. (2010). Compassion fatigue in nurses. Applied Nursing Research, 23, 191-197.
  • Yong, A. G., & Pearce, S. (2013). A beginner’s guide to factor analysis: focusing on exploratory factor analysis. Tutorials in Quantitative Methods for Psychology, 9(2), 79-94.
  • Yu, H., Jiang, A., & Shen, J. (2016). Prevalence and predictors of compassion fatigue, burnout and compassion satisfaction among oncology nurses: a cross-sectional survey. International Journal Of Nursing Studies, 57, 28-38.

Psikolojik Danışmanlarda Şefkat Yorgunluğu Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi /Development of Compassion Fatigue Scale in Psychological Counselors

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 284 - 298, 28.02.2023

Durmuş Ümmet Süleyman Metin Sinan Okur

https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1191665

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı ruh sağlığı alanında çalışan psikolojik danışmanların şefkat yorgunluğu düzeyini ölçmek üzere bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu toplam 725 (518 kadın ve 207 erkek) psikolojik danışman oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada açımlayıcı faktör analizi, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçüt bağıntılı geçerliği, Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık değeri ve madde analizi hesaplanarak ölçeğin psikometrik özellikleri ortaya konmuştur. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda toplam varyansın %53’ünü açıklayan 21 maddelik dört boyutlu bir ölçek elde edilmiştir. Ölçek faktör yükleri .504 ile .781 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçeğin dört boyutlu yapısı farklı bir örneklem grubu üzerinde doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılarak test edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda model ile veri arasında uyumun kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu saptanmıştır (χ2=315.43, p=.000, sd=181, χ2/sd=1.74, CFI=.91, TLI=.90, SRMR=.05, RMSEA=.06). Ölçeğin madde tahmin değerleri ise .39 ile .80 arasında değişmektedir. Bunun dışında, farklı bir örneklem ile yapılan ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlik çalışmasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Güvenirlik analizleri kapsamında yapılan analizlerde ölçeğin geneli için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı .890 ve Guttman katsayısı .872 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Alt boyutlar için ise Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık değeri .683 ile .836 arasında değerler almıştır. Benzer şekilde alt boyutlar için Guttman katsayısı da .612 ile .837 arasında değişmektedir. Ölçeğe ilişkin madde toplam korelasyon değerleri hesaplandığında .374 ile .701 arasında değerler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm bu bulgular, Psikolojik Danışmanlarda Şefkat Yorgunluğu Ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu kanıtlar niteliktedir. Araştırmada elde edilen sonuçlar alanyazında yer alan araştırmalar dikkate alınarak tartışılmış ve yorumlanmıştır.

Keywords

Eğitim Psikolojik danışman Şefkat yorgunluğu Şefkat yorgunluğu ölçeği

References

  • Abendroth, M., & Flannery, J. (2006). Predicting the risk of compassion fatigue: a study of hospice nurses. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing, 8(6), 346-356.
  • Akbulut, Y. (2010). Sosyal bilimlerde SPSS uygulamaları. İdeal Kültür Yayıncılık.
  • Avcu, A. (2021). Test geliştirmede modern yaklaşımlar: R istatistik programı uygulamaları. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Bayat, B. (2014). Uygulamalı sosyal bilim araştırmalarında ölçme, ölçekler ve “likert” ölçek kurma tekniği. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3),1-24.
  • Boscarino, J., Adams, R., & Figley, C. (2010). Secondary trauma issues for psychiatrists: identifying vicarious trauma and job burnout. Psychiatric Times, 27(11), 24-26.
  • Boyle, D. A. (2011). Countering compassion fatigue: a requisite nursing agenda. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 16(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol16No01Man02
  • Braunschneider, H. (2013). Preventing and managing compassion fatigue and burnout in nursing. ESSAI, 11, 14-18.
  • Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. The Guilford Press.
  • Burridge, L.H., Winch, S., Kay, M., & Henderson, A. (2017). Building compassion literacy: enabling care in primary health care nursing. Collegian, 24(1), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colegn.2015.09.004
  • Burtson, P. L., & Stichler, J. F. (2010). Nursing work environment and nurse caring: relationship among motivational factors. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66, 1819-1831.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2002). Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 32(32), 470-483.
  • Chang, S. J., Van Witteloostuijn, A., & Eden, L. (2010). From the editors: common method variance in international business research. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(2), 178-184.
  • Coetzee, S. K., & Laschinger, H. K. S. (2018). Toward a comprehensive, theoretical model of compassion fatigue: an integrative literature review. Nursing & Health Sciences, 20 (1), 4-15.
  • Collins, S., & Long, A. (2003). Working with psychological effects of trauma: consequences for mental healthcare workers—A literature review. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 10(4), 417-424. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2850.2003.00620.x
  • Cornwell, J., & Goodrich, J. (2009). Ensuing compassionate care in hospital. Nursing Times, 105(15), 14-17. DeVellis, R. (2014). Ölçek geliştirme. Kuram ve uygulamalar (Çev. Ed. T. Totan). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Drury, V., Craigie, M., Francis, K., Aoun, S., & Hegney, D. G. (2014). Compassion sat isfaction, compassion fatigue, anxiety, depression and stress in registered nurses in Australia: phase 2 results. Journal of Nursing Management, 22(4), 519-531.
  • Franza, F., Buono, G. D., & Pellegrino, F. (2015). Psychiatric caregiver stress: clinical implications of compassion fatigue. Psychiatr Danub, 27, 321-327.
  • Freudenberger, H. (1974) Staff Burnout. Journal of Social Issues, 30, 159-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x
  • Gilbert, P., & Irons, C. (2005). Compassionate mind training, for shame and self-attacking, using cognitive, behavioral, emotional and imagery interventions. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: conceptualizations, research, and use in psychotherapy (pp. 263-325). Brunner-Routledge.
  • Harrington, C. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. Oxford University Press.
  • Hiçdurmaz, D. ve İnci, F. A. (2015). Eşduyum yorgunluğu: Tanımı, nedenleri ve önlenmesi. Current Approaches in Psychiatry, 7(3), 295-303.
  • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: a Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Jacobowitz, W., Moran, C., Best, C., & Mensah, L. (2015). Post-traumatic stress, trauma-informed care, and compassion fatigue in psychiatric hospital staff: correlational study. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 36, 890-899.
  • Joinson, C. (1992). Coping with compassion fatigue. Nursing, 22(4), 118-121.
  • Karasar, N. (2009). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi (19. Baskı). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Kline, P. (2013). Handbook of psychological testing. Routledge.
  • Lachman, V. D. (2016). Compassion fatigue as a threat to ethical practice: identification, personal and workplace prevention/management strategies. Medsurg Nursing, 25(4), 275-278.
  • Ledoux, K. (2015). Under standing compassion fatigue: understandig compassion. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 71(9), 2041-2050.
  • Leka, S., Hassard, J., & Yanagida, A. (2012). Investigating the impact of psychosocial risks and occupational stress on psychiatric hospital nurses' mental well-being in Japan. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19, 123-131.
  • Mangoulia, P., Koukia, E., Alevizopoulos, G., Fildissis, G., Katostaras, T. (2015). Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among psychiatric nurses in Greece. Arch Psychiatr Nurs, 29, 333-338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apnu.2015.06.001
  • Marsh, H. W., Hau, K., & Wen, Z. (2004). In search of golden rules: comment on hypothesistesting approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler’s (1999) findings. Structural Equation Modeling, 11, 320-341. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1103_2
  • Maytum, J. C., Heiman, M. B., & Garwick, A. W. (2004) Compassion fatigue and burnout in nurses who work with children with chronic conditions and their families. Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 18(4), 171-179.
  • Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2(3), 223-250.
  • Nolte, A. G. W., Downing, C., Temane, A., & Hastings-Tolsma, M. (2017). Compassion fatigue in nurses: a metasynthesis. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(3), 1-15.
  • Newell, J. M., & MacNeil, G. A. (2010). Professional burnout, vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue: a review of theoretical terms, risk factors and preventative methods for clinicians and researchers. Best Practices in Mental Health: an International Journal, 6(2), 57-68.
  • Pallant, J. (2007). SPSS survival manual. A step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS for Windows (3rd Ed.). Open University Press.
  • Perry, B., Toffner, G., Merrick, T., & Dalton, J. (2011). An exploration of the experience of compassion fatigue in clinical oncology nurses. Canadian Oncology Nursing Journal, 21(2), 91-97.
  • Pines, A. M. (2005). The Burnout Measure Short Version (BMS). International Journal of Stress Management, 12(1), 78-88.
  • Potter, P., Deshields, T., & Divanbeigi, J. (2010). Compassion fatigue and burnout: prevalence among oncology nurses. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 14(5), E56-62.
  • Ray, S. L., Wong, C., White, D., & Heaslip, K. (2013). Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, work life conditions, and burnout among frontline mental health care professionals. Traumatology, 19(4), 255-267. http://doi.org/10.177/1534765612471144
  • Rossi, A., Cetrano, G., Pertile, R., Rabbi, L., Donisi, V., Grigoletti, L., Curtolo, C., Tansella, M., Thornicroft, G., & Amaddeo, F. (2012). Burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction among staff in community-based mental health services. Psychiatry Research, 200(2-3), 933-938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.07.029
  • Schmidt, M., & Haglund, K. (2017). Debrief in emergency departments to improve compassion fatigue and promote resiliency. Journal Of Trauma Nursing, 24(5), 317-322.
  • Schroeter, K. (2014). Compassion fatigue: an unwanted reflection of your reality. Journal of Trauma Nursing, 21(2), 37-38.
  • Scott, P. (2000). Emotion, moral perception, and nursing practice. Nursing Philosophy, 1(2), 123-133.
  • Showalter, S. E. (2010). Compassion fatigue: what is it? Why does it matter? Recognizing the symptoms, acknowledging the impact, developing the tools to prevent compassion fatigue and strengthen the professional already suffering from the effects. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, 27(4), 239-242.
  • Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş (Temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları). Ekinoks Yayıncılık.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2012). Using multivariate statistics (6. Baskı). Pearson.
  • Tavşancıl, E. (2005). Tutumların ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile veri analizi. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Thomas, R. B., & Wilson, J. P. (2004). Issues and controversies in the understanding and diagnosis of compassion fatigue, vicarious traumatization, and secondary traumatic stress disorder. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 6(2), 81-92.
  • Turgoose, D., & Maddox, L. (2017). Predictors of compassion fatigue in mental health professionals: a narrative review. Traumatology, 23(2), 172-185. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000116
  • Tümkaya, S., Sabahattin, Ç. A. M. ve Çavuşoğlu, İ. (2009). Tükenmişlik Ölçeği Kısa Versiyonu’nun Türkçeye uyarlama geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 18(1), 387-398.
  • Uslu E. ve Buldukoğlu K. (2017). Psikiyatri hemşireliğinde şefkat yorgunluğu: Sistematik derleme. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 9(4), 421-430. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.310831
  • Van der Cingel, M. (2009). Compassion and professional care: exploring the domain. Nursing Philosophy: an International Journal For Healthcare Professionals, 10(2), 124-136.
  • Wang, J., & Wang, X. (2012). Structural equation modeling: applications using Mplus. Higher Education Press.
  • Yıldırım, S., & Cavcav, F. (2021). The Compassion Fatigue‐Short Scale for healthcare professionals: a Turkish study of validity and reliability. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(3), 1459-1465. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12712
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There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Issue Articles
Authors

Durmuş Ümmet 0000-0002-8318-9026

Süleyman Metin 0000-0002-5249-0473

Sinan Okur 0000-0002-3439-5907

Publication Date February 28, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Ümmet, D., Metin, S., & Okur, S. (2023). Psikolojik Danışmanlarda Şefkat Yorgunluğu Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi /Development of Compassion Fatigue Scale in Psychological Counselors. E-Uluslararası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 14(1), 284-298. https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1191665
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