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Kadın Futbolcuların Eğitiminde Üç Değişken: Psikolojik Beceri, Zihinsel Enerji ve Cesaret Düzeyi İlişkisi / Three Variables in the Training of Female Soccer Players: The Relationship between Psychological Skills, Mental Energy and Courage

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 373 - 390, 28.02.2023

Ahmet İslam

https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1230389
Cited By: 3

Abstract

Araştırmada, kadın futbolcuların eğitiminde atletik zihinsel enerjileri ve sporda cesaret düzeyleri ile arasındaki ilişkide futbolda psikolojik becerilerin aracılık etkisinin olup olmadığı belirlemek amacıyla özgün teorik bir model kurulmuş ve bu model de Sobel testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Alanyazına yeni bilgiler katmayı amaçlayan aracılık çözümlemeleri kuramsal araştırma niteliğindedir. Oluşturulan sobel test modelinde kadın futbolcuların sporda cesaret ölçeği bağımlı değişken, atletik zihinsel enerji ölçeği bağımsız değişken ve futbolda psikolojik beceriler ölçeği de aracı değişken olarak belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaya 2021-22 Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu’nun belirlediği kadın futbol liglerinde oynayan 307 kadın futbolcu katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, kişisel bilgiler formu, “Profesyonel Futbolcularda Psikolojik Beceriler Ölçeği-16 (SPSS-16)”, “Sporda Cesaret Ölçeği-31 (SCS-31)” ile “Atletik Zihinsel Enerji Ölçeği (AMES)” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada kadın futbolcuların atletik zihinsel enerjilerinin onların psikolojik becerilerine etki düzeyleri, psikolojik beceri düzeylerinin onların cesaret düzeylerini nasıl etki ettiği, atletik zihinsel enerjileri onların cesaret düzeylerini yaptığı etkiyi ve son olarak da atletik zihinsel enerjileri onların psikolojik becerileri ile cesaretlerini arasında aracılık etkisine sebep olup olmadığı hipotezlerine çözüm aranmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, kadın futbolcuların atletik zihinsel enerjilerinin psikolojik beceri düzeylerini pozitif yönlü, psikolojik becerilerinin cesaret düzeylerini olumlu olarak, atletik zihinsel enerjileri onların cesaretleri olumlu yönde ve son olarak da kadın futbolcuların psikolojik becerileri onların cesaret ve atletik zihinsel enerjileri arasında tam aracılık etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma için önerilen teorik model doğrulanmıştır. Araştırma için önerilen teorik model edinilen verilerle kurulan üç farklı model ile değerlendirilmiş ve hipotezler ile de doğrulanmıştır. Kadın futbolcuların eğitiminde özellikle altyapılarda fiziksel eğitimin yanı sıra mental eğitim ile birlikte psikolojik ve zihinsel gelişimlerine dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. Kadın futbolcuların cesur hareketler desteklenmeli, cesur davranışların onların müsabaka esnasındaki atletik zihinsel enerjileri ve psikolojik becerileri ile ilişkili uygulamalar yapılarak farkındalık düzeyleri artırılması önerilebilir.

Keywords

Sporcu eğitimi Atletik zihinsel enerji Futbolda psikolojik Beceri Sporda cesaret

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Thanks

yok

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Three Variables in the Training of Female Soccer Players: The Relationship between Psychological Skills, Mental Energy and Courage / Kadın Futbolcuların Eğitiminde Üç Değişken: Psikolojik Beceri, Zihinsel Enerji ve Cesaret Düzeyi İlişkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 373 - 390, 28.02.2023

Ahmet İslam

https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1230389
Cited By: 3

Abstract

This study investigated whether psychological skills played a mediating role between athletic mental energy and sports courage in training female soccer players. The study developed an original theoretical model, which was tested using the Sobel test. Mediation analyses are theoretical research designs as they aim to add new information to the literature. In the Sobel test model, sports courage was the dependent variable, athletic mental energy was the independent variable, and soccer psychological skills were the mediating variable. The sample consisted of 307 female soccer players from the women's soccer leagues of the 2021-2022 Turkish Football Federation. Data were collected using a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire, the Soccer Psychological Skills Scale-16 (SPSS-16), the Sports Courage Scale-31 (SCS-31), and the Athletic Mental Energy Scale (AMES). This study sought answers to four hypotheses: (1) the effect of female soccer players' athletic mental energy on their psychological skills, (2) the effect of psychological skill levels on their courage levels, (3) The effect of athletic mental energy on their courage levels, and (4) the mediating effect of athletic mental energy between their psychological skills and their courage. Psychological skills affected athletic mental energy and courage positively. Athletic mental energy affected sports courage positively. Psychological skills played a mediating role between athletic mental energy and sports courage. The theoretical model was evaluated using three models and confirmed with hypotheses. Coaches and trainers should pay attention to the mental as well as physical aspects to train female soccer players. The results confirmed the theoretical model. Authorities should encourage female soccer players to engage in bold actions and inform them about the significance of athletic mental energy and psychological skills.

Keywords

Athlete training Athletic mental energy sports courage Soccer psychological skill

Project Number

yok

References

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  • Avşar, Y., Balcı, A, T, Kocabaş, A., & Kunter, E. (May 2016). “Preservice Teachers' Critical Thinking Dispositions According to their Courage Levels." 15th International Classroom Education Symposium, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla.
  • Beckmann, J., & Elbe, A. M. (2015). Sport psychological interventions in competitive sports. Newcastle, England: Cambridge Scholars Publishing,
  • Beckmann, J., & Nash, C. (2018). Sports coaching for lifelong development: A sustainable ambition? Manuscript, Technical University of Munich.
  • Burton, D. (1993). Goal setting in sport. In RN, Singer M, Murphey LK, Tennant (Eds.), Handbook of research on sport psychology (pp. 467–491). New York, NY: Macmillan,
  • Chiou, S. S., Hsu, Y., Chiu, Y. H., Chou, C. C., Gill, D. L., & Lu, F. J. (2020). Seeking positive strengths in buffering athletes’ life stress–burnout relationship: themoderating roles of athletic mental energy, Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 3007.
  • Castro-Sánchez, M., Zurita-Ortega, F., Chacón-Cuberos, R., López-Gutiérrez, C. J., & Zafra-Santos, E. (2018). Emotional Intelligence, Motivational Climate and Levels of Anxiety in Athletes from Different Categories of Sports: Analysis through Structural Equations, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(5), 894; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15050894
  • Chyzowych, W. (1990). The Official Soccer Book of The United States Soccer Federation, Tenth Printing, Chicogo: Rand McNally and Company, 234-235.
  • Cigrovski, V., Radman, I., Kunter, E., Ocic, M. & Ružic, L. (2018). Sport Courage, Worry and Fear in Relation to Success of Alpine Ski Learning, Sports, 6,(3),96,1-13.
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  • Cook, D. B., & Davis, J. M. (2006). Mental energy: defining the science, Nutrition reviews, 64(7), 1.
  • Cotterill, S. T., & Fransen, K., (2016). Athlete leadership in sport teams: Current understanding and future directions. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 9(1), 116–133.
  • Dammann, K. W., Bell, M., Kanter, M. & Berger, A. (2013). Effects of consumption of sucromalt, a slowly digestible carbohydrate, on mental and physical energy questionnaire responses, Nutritional Neuroscience, 16(2), 83-95.
  • Eklund, R. C., & Tenenbaum, G. (2014). Encyclopedia of sport and exercise psychology. Los Angeles, CA: Sage,
  • Fehnel, S. E., Bann, C. M., Hogue S. L., Kwong, W. J., & Mahajan, S. S. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Motivation and Energy Inventory (MEI), Quality of Life Research, 13(7), 1321-1336.
  • Freitas, S., Dias, C., & Fonseca, A. (2013). What do coaches think about psychological skills training in soccer? A study with coaches of elite Portuguese teams. International Journal of Sports Science, 3(3), 81–91.
  • Gledhill, A. & Harwood, C. (2014). Developmental experiences of elite female youth soccer players. Int. J. Sport Exerc., 12, 150–165,
  • Gledhill, A., & Harwood, C., (2015). A holistic perspective on career development in UK female soccer players: A negative case analysis. Psychol. Sport Exerc., 21, 65–77,
  • Gledhill, A., Harwood, C. & Forsdyke, D. (2017). Psychosocial factors associated with talent development in football: A systematic review. Psychol. Sport Exerc, 31, 93–112,
  • Günay, M., & Yüce, İ. A. (2001). Scientific Basics of Football Training. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi (Second Edition),
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  • Güvendi, B,. Güçlü, M,. & Türksoy Işım, A. (2020). Investigation of sport courage and mental resilience of American soccer players, Journal of Sport and Performance Research, 11(2), 132-140
  • Hays, K. F., & Smith, R. J. (1996). “Incorporating Sport and Exercise Psychology into Clinical Practice”, Exploring Sport and Exercise Psychology, Derl.: Van Raalte, J. L. Brewer, B.W. (Washington D.C: American Psychological Association), pp. 413-429.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies on Education
Journal Section Issue Articles
Authors

Ahmet İslam 0000-0001-6735-1583

Project Number yok
Publication Date February 28, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA İslam, A. (2023). Three Variables in the Training of Female Soccer Players: The Relationship between Psychological Skills, Mental Energy and Courage / Kadın Futbolcuların Eğitiminde Üç Değişken: Psikolojik Beceri, Zihinsel Enerji ve Cesaret Düzeyi İlişkisi. E-Uluslararası Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 14(1), 373-390. https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1230389

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