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Whistleblowing: A Response to Unethical and Illegitimate Practices in Educational Organizations
Abstract
Purpose: Whistleblowing is defined as the disclosure by organization members of illegal, immoral or illegitimate practices under the control of their employers, to persons or organizations that may be able to effect action. It is an important issue for educational organizations. The purpose of this study was to examine the teachers' view about whistleblowing and causes of their whistleblowing intentions.
Method: This study is designed as a descriptive model in which quantitative research techniques are used. The target population of this study consists of teachers who work in primary and secondary schools in Kocaeli (İzmit). The sample of this research is composed of 221 teachers working in five primary and three secondary schools in İzmit in 2011-2012 academic year. Data is obtained by “Whistleblowing Scale” and “Causes of Whistleblowing Scale”. In order to develop, Whistleblowing Scale and Causes of Whistleblowing Scale based on the literature review, a draft scale was formed. Based on the opinions of two experts in the educational sciences some items were deleted after consultation. In order to verify factorial validity of scale, varimax rotation, expletory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used. For the reliability of the scales, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients were calculated to examine internal consistency of test scores for each subscale and total scale. The Cronbach's alpha for the Whistleblowing Scale was ,76 and for Causes of Whistleblowing Scale was ,85. Findings provided some evidence for the validity and reliability of the Whistleblowing Scale and Causes of Whistleblowing Scale Quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, independent sampling t-test, ANOVA test, and Tukey test.
Findings: According to the results of the analysis, teachers prefer “internal whistleblowing” and “supporter whistleblowing” because they care the goals of the school, students and other teachers working in the school. Also teachers' moral and professional values do not permit to unethical and illegitimate practices in school so they prefer internal whistleblowing. Teachers prefer to share the unethical and illegitimate practices with school management and with their colleagues to prevent these behaviors their school. Internal whistleblowing is emphasized in the literature as the most desirable alternative for whistleblowers because it offers an earlier opportunity to correct the matter, as it may avoid the more damaging consequences of external whistleblowing. According to the findings of the study there is a significant difference between teachers' view about whistleblowing and causes of whistleblowing in terms of gender, kind of school, and tenure.
Suggestions: This study is expected to contribute to the literature of whistleblowing in educational organizations. According to the findings of this research, future research should consider the role of cultural values of teachers' and organizational culture because in collectivist cultures, employees care the goals and benefits of the organization and other employees. Also future researches need to investigate how employment relations, wrongdoer power and whistleblower power in school endorse whistleblowing and causes of whistleblowing.
Keywords
References
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Details
Primary Language
Turkish
Subjects
-
Journal Section
Research Article
Publication Date
January 9, 2013
Submission Date
October 19, 2012
Acceptance Date
-
Published in Issue
Year 1970 Volume: 3 Number: 4