The Evaluation of the Subject and Conscience of Ancient History in Social Studies Textbooks in terms of Scientific Content
Extended Abstract
Purpose: The aim of our study is the evaluation of the subject and conscience of ancient history in social studies textbooks in terms of scientific content. In our study holding the expressions such as historical thought, historical understanding, history perception to negociate, the social studies textbooks were studied in terms of ancient history and the answers for the following questions were searced; What are scientifically mistakes, deficiencies and inadequencies for the ancient history subjects in social social studies textbooks? Do the social studies textbooks have enough content to make the students ancient history consciences' develop?
Method: The study was held with the use of document inspection method within the scope of qualitative research approach. With this aspect, the study is assumed to present the importance of ancient history subjects and ancient history conscience which are seen as the starting step while creating historical knowledge and conscience in primary education's social studies textbooks.
Results and Discussion: It has importance in terms of gaining awareness for the elements such as true history knowledge, person, time, fact and events, location, environment, geography, term, state, nation, civilization, event pattern, language, script, culture etc. held in social studies textbooks about ancient history subject. All the seelements help individuals develop a true history understanding. However in our study some in adequencies, deficiencies and mistakes that prevent individuals from gaining awareness for ancient history subjects in social studies textbooks were seen, such as; Although in social studies text book anatolian tribes and ancient history sovereign states were mentioned, the existence ofScythian and Cimmerians in Anatolia and Egypt state which was an important civilization for the history of humanity were not mentioned.
Some matters such as the use of “prehistoria” term for prehistoric subjects in textbooks, expressing both of the terms in shape of “patesi (ensi)” in Sumerians' topic have great impotance in terms of concept richness belongs to ancient history concepts.
The informations given related to the settlements such as Çatalhöyük and Karain Cave should be prosperedand given withup dating according to therecent scientific researches.
Some images used as it is seen in examples such as Tarhunza Sculpture, the construction of Priene Ancient City, elephant or mammoth figurs in related Picture about Karain Cave contradict the context contents in which the yare.
As it is seen in the informations existing in social studies textbooks such as “Kayseri-Hacılar”, the fact that Qadesh agreement in Hittites was the first written deal, Lydians were the first to use the coin in history, some informations were given deficient and untruly.
Hittites had used cuneiform from Mesopotamian as well as Hittite hieroglyphics (H-H). That writing style should be mentioned.
Some mistakes and deficientin formations were given while chronologically expressing the existence of some states.
Insome of the social studies textbooks, it was said that the codes of Hammurabi had brought justice for Babylonians.
Conclusion: In social studies textbooks there are some important mistakes, deficient and not updated informations made in scientific content related to ancient history. There are some deficiencies in terms of concept richness belongs to ancient history. It was seen in social studies textbooks that the chronological arrangement of some states about ancient history subject was not considered. Some images contradict the context content in which the yare. The disapperance of some states was not mentioned. In the scientific expressions of social studies textbooks related to the ancient history subject definite statement should be avoided. Because the ancient history researches are always renewe do wing to the archaelogy and the other sub-disciplines.
Bu araştırmada Sosyal Bilgiler öğretim programı ve ders kitapları çerçevesinde Eski Çağ Tarihi konusu ve bilinci ele alınmıştır. Bu doğrultuda Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitapları Eski Çağ Tarihi bilincinin kazandırılması açısından ve bilimsel içerik bakımından değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi çerçevesinde doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada öncelikle Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı ve özel sektör tarafından basılmış, Talim ve Terbiye Kurulu tarafından onaylanarak kabul edilmiş ve Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından 2011-2012 eğitim-öğretim yılında ücretsiz olarak öğrencilere dağıtılan Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitapları tespit edilmiştir. Ardından 6. sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitapları ile Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından elektronik olarak yayınlanan Sosyal Bilgiler 6.sınıf e-kitap olmak üzere toplam 6 kitaptan okullarda okutulduğu tespit edilen 3 kitap değerlendirilmeye alınmış ve çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Bu kapsamda yapılan araştırmada; doğru tarih bilgisi, olgu ve olaylar, kişi, yer, zaman, mekân, kavram, devlet, millet, medeniyet, olaylar örüntüsü, dil, yazı, kültür gibi unsurlar ile ilgili olarak Eski Çağ Tarihi konusunda yer alan bilimsel bilgilerde yetersizlikler tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitaplarında Eski Çağ Tarihi konusunda yer alan bilgilerde önemli birtakım hatalı (Kayseri-Hacılar, Kadeş Antlaşması, Lidyalılar’ın parayı bulan ilk devlet olduğu), eksik ve güncel olmayan bilgiler (Çatalhöyük, Karain Mağarası) ve Eski Çağ Tarihi’ne ait kavramların zenginliği açısından bir takım yetersizlikler (Patesi (Ensi), Yontmataş (Paleolitik), Ortataş (Mezolitik), Cilalı Taş (Neolitik), Bakırtaş Devri (Kalkolitik), Tunç Çağı (Bronz), Tarih Öncesi (Prehistorya) belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bazı devletlerin kronolojik sıralamasına dikkat edilmediği, ders kitaplarında kullanılan birtakım görsellerin yer aldığı sayfadaki metin içerikleriyle örtüşmediği, coğrafi faktörlerin açık bir şekilde ifade edilmediği, devlet, zaman ve mekân unsurlarının yeterince dikkate alınmadığı görülmüştür
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Studies on Education |
Journal Section | Educational Sciences and Sciences of Field Education |
Authors | |
Publication Date | March 2, 2013 |
Published in Issue | Year 2013Volume: 4 Issue: 3 |
This journal uses a CC BY-NC-SA license.
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