Research Article
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Investigating the Moderating Role of Positive Intergroup Contact on the Association between Authoritarianism and Homophobia among Heterosexual Young Adults

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 60 - 72, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.30613/curesosc.1162897

Abstract

Authoritarian personality traits are associated with compliance and obedience to prevailing social norms and values. In contexts where the political climate fuels homophobia, people with authoritarian personality traits display more homophobic attitudes and behaviors. On the other hand, positive intergroup contact can reduce problems between groups. This positive intergroup contact, which emphasizes similarities by weakening baseless information about the outgroup, has long been used to reduce intergroup conflicts. In a heterosexual sample, whether positive intergroup contact will have a moderating role in the relationship between authoritarianism and homophobia is an open question. To answer this question, 241 young adults (Mage = 22.0, SD = 2.04; 59.3% female, 40.7% male) from 47 different cities of Türkiye were reached. Participants completed the right-wing authoritarianism scale, the social contact form with sexual minorities, and the Hudson & Ricketts homophobia scale. In parallel with the hypotheses, the findings show that authoritarian personality score positively predicted homophobia (β = .49, SE = .05, z = 10.07, p < .001), while positive intergroup contact negatively predicted homophobia (β = -.66, SE = .08, z = -8.67, p < .001). However, contrary to the hypothesis, no moderating role of positive intergroup contact in the association between authoritarianism and homophobia was observed (β = -.03, SE = .05, z = -.53 p = .593). Simple slope analyzes showed that authoritarianism positively predicted homophobia at both high and low levels of positive intergroup contact. The findings are discussed in the context of intergroup contact theory.

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Heteroseksüel Genç Yetişkinler Arasında Otoriterlik ve Homofobi Arasındaki İlişkide Gruplar Arası Pozitif Temasın Düzenleyici Rolünün İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 60 - 72, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.30613/curesosc.1162897

Abstract

Yetkeci kişilik özellikleri hâkim toplumsal norm ve değerlere uyum ve itaat ile ilişkilidir. Politik iklimin homofobiyi körüklediği bağlamlarda yetkeci kişilik özelliği taşıyan kişiler daha fazla homofobik tutum ve davranış sergiler. Öte yandan olumlu gruplar arası temas, gruplar arasındaki problemleri azaltabilir. Dış gruba yönelik temelsiz bilgileri zayıflatarak benzerlikleri vurgulayan olumlu sosyal temas, uzun süredir gruplar arası çatışmaları azaltmak için kullanılmaktadır. Heteroseksüel bir örneklemde, yetkeciliğin homofobi ile ilişkisinde gruplar arası olumlu temasın düzenleyici bir rolünün olup olmayacağı ise cevap bekleyen bir sorudur. Bu soruyu yanıtlamak için bu araştırmada Türkiye'nin 47 farklı şehrinden 241 genç yetişkine (Ortyaş = 22.0, SS. = 2.04; %59.3 kadın, %40.7 erkek) erişilmiştir. Katılımcılar sağ kanat yetkeciliği ölçeği, cinsel azınlıklarla sosyal temas formu ve Hudson ve Ricketts homofobi ölçeğini doldurmuşlardır. Hipotezler ile paralel olarak bulgular otoriteryen kişilik puanının homofobiyi pozitif yönde (β = .49, SH. = .05, z = 10.07, p < .001), olumlu gruplar arası temasın ise homofobiyi negatif yönde (β = - .66, SH. = .08, z = -8.67, p < .001) yordadığı görülmüştür. Ancak hipotezin aksine, olumlu gruplar arası temasın yetkecilik ve homofobi arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici bir rolü gözlenmemiştir (β = -.03, SH = .05, z = -.53 p = .593). Basit eğim analizleri hem yüksek hem de düşük olumlu gruplar arası temas düzeyinde yetkeciliğin homofobiyi pozitif yönde yordadığını göstermiştir. Bulgular, gruplar arası temas kuramı bağlamında tartışılmıştır.

References

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  • Allport, G. W. (1954). The nature of prejudice. Addison-Wesley.
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  • Altemeyer, B. & Hunsberger, B. E. (1992). Authoritarianism, religious fundamentalism, quest, and prejudice. International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 2(2), 113–133. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0202_5
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  • Black, K. N. & Stevenson, M. R. (1984). The relationship of self-reported sex-role characteristics and attitudes toward homosexuality. Journal of Homosexuality, 10(1-2), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v10n01_06
  • Budak, S. (2019). Psikoloji sözlüğü. Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları.
  • Çetiner, Ş. D. & Van Assche, J. (2021). Prejudice in Turkey and Belgium: The cross‐cultural comparison of correlations of right‐wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation with sexism, homophobia, and racism. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy, 21(1), 1167-1183. https://doi.org/10.1111/asap.12280
  • Çırakoğlu, O. C. (2006). Perception of homosexuality among Turkish university students: The roles of labels, gender, and prior contact. The Journal of Social Psychology, 146(3), 293-305. https://doi.org/10.3200/SOCP.146.3.293-305
  • Çoksan, S. (2021). The effect of the content of intergroup contact and ingroup identification on support for social change among advantaged group members. [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Middle East Technical University.
  • D’augelli, A. R. (2002). Mental health problems among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths ages 14 to 21. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 7(3), 433-456. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104502007003010
  • Detenber, B. H., Ho, S. S., Neo, R. L., Malik, S. & Cenite, M. (2013). Influence of value predispositions, interpersonal contact, and mediated exposure on public attitudes toward homosexuals in Singapore. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 16(3), 181-196. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12006
  • Dijker, A. J., & Koomen, W. (2007). Stigmatization, tolerance and repair: An integrative psychological analysis of responses to deviance. Cambridge University Press.
  • Dürüst, Ç. & Çağlar, M. (2015). LGBTQ bireylerin sosyal ve bireysel yaşam algılarının değerlendirilmesi. Turkish International Journal of Special Education and Guidance & Counselling, 4(2), 33-48.
  • Ellemers, N., Spears, R., & Doosje, B. (1999). Social identity. Blackwell: Oxford.
  • Eskin, M., Kaynak-Demir, H. & Demir, S. (2005). Same-sex sexual orientation, childhood sexual abuse, and suicidal behavior in university students in Turkey. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 34(2), 185–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-005-1796-8
  • Frederic, N. S., & Falomir-Pichastor, J. M. (2018). Heterogeneity of ingroup identity and anti-immigrant prejudice: The moderating role of RWA and outgroup homogeneity. International Review of Social Psychology, 31(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5334/irsp.152
  • Garnets, L. D. & Kimmel, D. C. (2003). Psychological perspectives on lesbian, gay, and bisexual experience. Columbia University Press.
  • Güldü, Ö. (2011). Sağ kanat yetkeciliği ölçeği: Uyarlama çalışması (Right-wing authoritarianism scale: The adaptation study). Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(2), 27-51. https://doi.org/10.1501/sbeder_0000000033
  • Güney, N., Kargı, E. & Çorbacı-Oruç, A. (2004). Üniversite öğrencilerinin eşcinsellik konusundaki görüşlerinin incelenmesi. Turkish Journal Of HIV/AIDS, 7(4), 131-137.
  • Haddock, G., Zanna, M. P. & Esses, V. M. (1993). Assessing the structure of prejudicial attitudes: The case of attitudes toward homosexuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(6), 1105–1118. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.6.1105
  • Hayes, A. F. (2022). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis third edition: A regression-based approach. The Guilford Press.
  • Heiden-Rootes, K., Wiegand, A., Thomas, D., Moore, R. M. & Ross, K. A. (2020). A national survey on depression, internalized homophobia, college religiosity, and climate of acceptance on college campuses for sexual minority adults. Journal of Homosexuality, 67(4), 435-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2018.1550329
  • Herek, G. M. (1984). Beyond" homophobia": A social psychological perspective on attitudes toward lesbians and gay men. Journal of Homosexuality, 10(1-2), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v10n01_01
  • Herek, G. M. (1988). Heterosexuals' attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: Correlates and gender differences. Journal of Sex Research, 25(4), 451–477. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224498809551476
  • Herek, G. M. & Capitanio, J. P. (1996). "Some of my best friends": Intergroup contact, concealable stigma, and heterosexuals' attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(4), 412–424. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167296224007
  • Herek, G. M., Kimmel, D. C., Amaro, H. & Melton, G. B. (1991). Avoiding heterosexist bias in psychological research. American Psychologist, 46(9), 957–963. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.46.9.957
  • Herek, G. M. & Glunt, E. K. (1993). Interpersonal contact and heterosexuals' attitudes toward gay men: Results from a national survey. Journal of Sex Research, 30(3), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499309551707
  • Hudson, W. W. & Ricketts, W. A. (1980). A strategy for the measurement of homophobia. Journal of Homosexuality, 5(4), 357-372. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v05n04_02
  • Inglehart, R., C. Haerpfer, A. Moreno, C. Welzel, K. Kizilova, J. Diez-Medrano, M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin & B. Puranen et al. (eds.). 2014. World Values Survey: Round Six - Country-Pooled Datafile Version: http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWV6.jsp. Madrid: JD Systems Institute.
  • Jordan, K. M. & Deluty, R. H. (1998). Coming out for lesbian women: Its relation to anxiety, positive affectivity, self-esteem, and social support. Journal of Homosexuality, 35(2), 41-63. https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v35n02_03
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There are 66 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Aleyna Şahin 0000-0003-0377-6974

Bekir Sarı 0000-0002-5826-5701

Bedel Güler 0000-0001-9042-5325

Sami Çoksan 0000-0003-2942-1506

Publication Date November 30, 2022
Acceptance Date October 19, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Şahin, A., Sarı, B., Güler, B., Çoksan, S. (2022). Investigating the Moderating Role of Positive Intergroup Contact on the Association between Authoritarianism and Homophobia among Heterosexual Young Adults. Current Research in Social Sciences, 8(2), 60-72. https://doi.org/10.30613/curesosc.1162897