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FASTING SERUM GHRELIN LEVELS IS NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH BODY MASS INDEX, CHOLESTEROL, TRIGLYCERIDE AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN

Year 2019, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 141 - 149, 01.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.422561

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of ghrelin hormone with body mass index (BMI) in cohort of adult men and women subsequently categorized from normal weight to morbidly obese based on BMI criteria. The relationship among the total ghrelin, serum lipids and C-reactive protein (CRP) was also evaluated. Materials and Methods Two-hundred sixty men (n=151) and women (n=109) between the ages of 20 and 59 years were recruited from Sleep Disorder Center of Medicine Faculty of Süleyman Demirel University and of Isparta Gülkent State Hospital. Fasting plasma total ghrelin, CRP, serum lipids and glucose levels were measured after overnight fasting. Results Ghrelin levels were found to be statistically significantly lower in obese subjects (P<0.001), Glucose levels were clinically higher in obese subjects but not statistically significant. Fasting plasma ghrelin was negatively correlated with BMI, cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and CRP (r=-0,402, P<0,01; r=0,259, p=0,01; r=0,137, p=0,05; r=0,146, p=0,05), respectively). There was weak significant correlation between ghrelin and glucose (r=0,131, p=0,05). Conclusion Obese subjects have low fasting ghrelin levels that they are significantly related to glucose, CRP, Cholesterol, triglyceride and body mass index. More prospective studies are needed to establish the role of ghrelin in the pathogenesis of human obesity. 

References

  • 1. National Institutes of Health. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Obes Res. 1998;6:51S–209S.
  • 2. Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999;402(6762):656–60.
  • 3. Nakazato M, Murakami N, Date Y, Kojima M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K, et al. A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding. Nature. 2001;409(6817):194–8.
  • 4. Nieminen P, Mustonen AM. Effects of peripheral ghrelin on the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of the tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus). Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2004;138(2):182–7.
  • 5. Fagerberg B, Hultén LM, Hulthe J. Plasma ghrelin, body fat, insulin resistance, and smoking in clinically healthy men: The atherosclerosis and insulin resistance study. Metabolism. 2003;52(11):1460–3.
  • 6. De Vriese C, Delporte C. Ghrelin: A new peptide regulating growth hormone release and food intake. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 2008;40:420–4.
  • 7. DeBoer MD, Zhu XX, Levasseur P, Meguid MM, Suzuki S, Inui A, et al. Ghrelin treatment causes increased food intake and retention of lean body mass in a rat model of cancer cachexia. Endocrinology. 2007;148(6):3004–12.
  • 8. Stevanović D, Nešić D, Milošević V, Starčević V, Severs WB. Consummatory behavior and metabolic indicators after central ghrelin injections in rats. Regul Pept. 2008;147(1–3):52–9.
  • 9. Higgins SC, Gueorguiev M, Korbonits M. Ghrelin, the peripheral hunger hormone. Annals of Medicine. 2007;39:116–36.
  • 10. Park HS, Lee K-U, Kim YS, Park CY. Relationships between fasting plasma ghrelin levels and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents. Metabolism. 2005;54(7):925–9.
  • 11. Zhang W, Zhao L, Lin TR, Chai B, Fan Y, Gantz I, et al. Inhibition of adipogenesis by ghrelin. Mol Biol Cell. 2004;15(5):2484–91.
  • 12. Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R, Scherberg N, Van Cauter E. Twenty-four-hour profiles of acylated and total ghrelin: Relationship with glucose levels and impact of time of day and sleep. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(2):486–93.
  • 13. Van Der Lely AJ, Tschöp M, Heiman ML, Ghigo E. Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin. Endocrine Reviews. 2004;25:426–57.
  • 14. Zhao T-J, Liang G, Li RL, Xie X, Sleeman MW, Murphy AJ, et al. Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for growth hormone-mediated survival of calorie-restricted mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010;107(16):7467–72.
  • 15. Kim MS, Yoon CY, Park KH, Shin CS, Park KS, Kim SY, et al. Changes in ghrelin and ghrelin receptor expression according to feeding status. Neuroreport. 2003;14(10):1317–20.
  • 16. Sun Y, Asnicar M, Smith RG. Central and peripheral roles of ghrelin on glucose homeostasis. Neuroendocrinology. 2007;86:215–28.
  • 17. Delhanty PJD, Van Der Lely AJ. Ghrelin and glucose homeostasis. Peptides. 2011;32:2309–18.
  • 18. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes--2014. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(Supp 1):S14–80.
  • 19. Soriano-Guillén L, Barrios V, Martos G, Chowen J a, Campos-Barros A, Argente J. Effect of oral glucose administration on ghrelin levels in obese children. Eur J Endocrinol. 2004;151(1):119–21.
  • 20. Anderwald C, Brabant G, Bernroider E, Horn R, Brehm A, Waldhausl W, et al. Insulin-dependent modulation of plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations is less pronounced in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes. 2003;52(0012-1797):1792–8.
  • 21. Papandreou D, Karavolias C, Arvaniti F, Kafeza E, Sidawi F. Fasting Ghrelin Levels Are Decreased in Obese Subjects and Are Significantly Related With Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index. Open access Maced J Med Sci. 2017;5(6):699–702.
  • 22. Lucidi P, Murdolo G, Di Loreto C, De Cicco A, Parlanti N, Fanelli C, et al. Ghrelin is not necessary for adequate hormonal counterregulation of insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Diabetes. 2002;51(10):2911–4.
  • 23. Flanagan DE, Evans ML, Monsod TP, Rife F, Heptulla RA, Tamborlane W V., et al. The influence of insulin on circulating ghrelin. Am J Physiol - Endocrinol Metab. 2003;284(2):E313–6.
  • 24. Porte D, Woods SC. Regulation of food intake and body weight by insulin. Diabetologia. 1981;20(1 Supplement):274–80.
  • 25. Saad MF, Bernaba B, Hwu CM, Jinagouda S, Fahmi S, Kogosov E, et al. Insulin regulates plasma ghrelin concentration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(8):3997–4000.
  • 26. Sato T, Ida T, Nakamura Y, Shiimura Y, Kangawa K, Kojima M. Physiological roles of ghrelin on obesity. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice. 2014;8:e405–13.
  • 27. Onat A, Yıldırım B, Erer B, Başar Ö, Çetinkaya A, Ceyhan K, Sansoy V. Total kolesterol/HDL-kolesterol oranı koroner hastalığın en iyi lipid öngördürücüsü: trigliserid ortalama düzeyimiz yılda 1 Mg Yükselme gösteriyor. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi. 2014;29:334-343.
  • 28. Bhutto IA, Baba T, Merges C, Juriasinghani V, McLeod DS, Lutty GA. C-reactive protein and complement factor H in aged human eyes and eyes with age-related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(9):1323–30.
  • 29. Cook DG, Mendall M a, Whincup PH, Carey IM, Ballam L, Morris JE, et al. C-reactive protein concentration in children: relationship to adiposity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Atherosclerosis. 2000;149(1):139–50.
  • 30. Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SD, Gallimore JR, Pepys MB. Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group. Lancet. 1997;349(9050):462–6.
  • 31. Pearson TA, Mensah GA, Alexander RW, Anderson JL, Cannon RO, Criqui M, et al. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: Application to clinical and public health practice: A statement for healthcare professionals from the centers for disease control and prevention and the American Heart Association. 107, Circulation. 2003;107:499–511.
  • 32. Haddy N, Sass C, Droesch S, Zaiou M, Siest G, Ponthieux A, et al. IL-6, TNF-α and atherosclerosis risk indicators in a healthy family population: The STANISLAS cohort. Atherosclerosis. 2003;170(2):277–83.

AÇLIK SERUM GRELİN DÜZEYLERİ VÜCUT KİTLE İNDEKSİ, KOLESTEROL, TRİGLİSERİT VE C- REAKTİF PROTEİN İLE NEGATİF İLİŞKİLİDİR

Year 2019, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 141 - 149, 01.06.2019
https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.422561

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ)
kriterlerine göre normal ağırlıktan morbid obeze kadar gruplandırılan erişkin
erkek ve kadın kohortunda grelin hormonunun VKİ, serum lipitleri ve C-reaktif
protein (CRP) ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç
ve Yöntem:
Isparta Gülkent
Devlet Hastanesi Göğüs Hastalıkları Uyku Laboratuarı

ve
Süleyman Demirel
Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Uyku Hastalıkları Merkezine başvuran 20-59 yaş arası
toplam iki yüz altmış erkek (n = 151) ve kadın (n = 109) çalışmaya dahil
edildi. Toplam grelin, CRP, serum lipitleri ve glukoz seviyeleri gece
açlığından sonra ölçüldü.

Bulgular: Grelin düzeyleri obez olgularda istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu (P <0.001), Glikoz düzeyleri obez
olgularda klinik olarak daha yüksekti ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
değildi. Açlık plazma grelin, VKİ, kolesterol, trigliserid ve CRP ile negatif
korelasyonlar gösterdi (sırasıyla, r = -0.402, P <0.01; 0,259, p = 0,01;
0,137, p = 0,05; r = 0,146, p = 0,05). Grelin ve glukoz arasında zayıf anlamlı
korelasyon vardı (r = 0,131, p = 0,05).







Sonuç: Obez bireylerin grelin düzeylerinin düşük olması
glikoz, CRP, kolesterol, trigliserid ve vücut kitle indeksi ile anlamlı
derecede ilişkilidir. Grelinin insan obezitesinin patogenezindeki rolünü
belirlemek için daha ileriye dönük çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

References

  • 1. National Institutes of Health. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Obes Res. 1998;6:51S–209S.
  • 2. Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K. Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature. 1999;402(6762):656–60.
  • 3. Nakazato M, Murakami N, Date Y, Kojima M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K, et al. A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding. Nature. 2001;409(6817):194–8.
  • 4. Nieminen P, Mustonen AM. Effects of peripheral ghrelin on the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of the tundra vole (Microtus oeconomus). Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2004;138(2):182–7.
  • 5. Fagerberg B, Hultén LM, Hulthe J. Plasma ghrelin, body fat, insulin resistance, and smoking in clinically healthy men: The atherosclerosis and insulin resistance study. Metabolism. 2003;52(11):1460–3.
  • 6. De Vriese C, Delporte C. Ghrelin: A new peptide regulating growth hormone release and food intake. International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 2008;40:420–4.
  • 7. DeBoer MD, Zhu XX, Levasseur P, Meguid MM, Suzuki S, Inui A, et al. Ghrelin treatment causes increased food intake and retention of lean body mass in a rat model of cancer cachexia. Endocrinology. 2007;148(6):3004–12.
  • 8. Stevanović D, Nešić D, Milošević V, Starčević V, Severs WB. Consummatory behavior and metabolic indicators after central ghrelin injections in rats. Regul Pept. 2008;147(1–3):52–9.
  • 9. Higgins SC, Gueorguiev M, Korbonits M. Ghrelin, the peripheral hunger hormone. Annals of Medicine. 2007;39:116–36.
  • 10. Park HS, Lee K-U, Kim YS, Park CY. Relationships between fasting plasma ghrelin levels and metabolic parameters in children and adolescents. Metabolism. 2005;54(7):925–9.
  • 11. Zhang W, Zhao L, Lin TR, Chai B, Fan Y, Gantz I, et al. Inhibition of adipogenesis by ghrelin. Mol Biol Cell. 2004;15(5):2484–91.
  • 12. Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R, Scherberg N, Van Cauter E. Twenty-four-hour profiles of acylated and total ghrelin: Relationship with glucose levels and impact of time of day and sleep. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(2):486–93.
  • 13. Van Der Lely AJ, Tschöp M, Heiman ML, Ghigo E. Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin. Endocrine Reviews. 2004;25:426–57.
  • 14. Zhao T-J, Liang G, Li RL, Xie X, Sleeman MW, Murphy AJ, et al. Ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT) is essential for growth hormone-mediated survival of calorie-restricted mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010;107(16):7467–72.
  • 15. Kim MS, Yoon CY, Park KH, Shin CS, Park KS, Kim SY, et al. Changes in ghrelin and ghrelin receptor expression according to feeding status. Neuroreport. 2003;14(10):1317–20.
  • 16. Sun Y, Asnicar M, Smith RG. Central and peripheral roles of ghrelin on glucose homeostasis. Neuroendocrinology. 2007;86:215–28.
  • 17. Delhanty PJD, Van Der Lely AJ. Ghrelin and glucose homeostasis. Peptides. 2011;32:2309–18.
  • 18. American Diabetes Association. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes--2014. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(Supp 1):S14–80.
  • 19. Soriano-Guillén L, Barrios V, Martos G, Chowen J a, Campos-Barros A, Argente J. Effect of oral glucose administration on ghrelin levels in obese children. Eur J Endocrinol. 2004;151(1):119–21.
  • 20. Anderwald C, Brabant G, Bernroider E, Horn R, Brehm A, Waldhausl W, et al. Insulin-dependent modulation of plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations is less pronounced in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes. 2003;52(0012-1797):1792–8.
  • 21. Papandreou D, Karavolias C, Arvaniti F, Kafeza E, Sidawi F. Fasting Ghrelin Levels Are Decreased in Obese Subjects and Are Significantly Related With Insulin Resistance and Body Mass Index. Open access Maced J Med Sci. 2017;5(6):699–702.
  • 22. Lucidi P, Murdolo G, Di Loreto C, De Cicco A, Parlanti N, Fanelli C, et al. Ghrelin is not necessary for adequate hormonal counterregulation of insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Diabetes. 2002;51(10):2911–4.
  • 23. Flanagan DE, Evans ML, Monsod TP, Rife F, Heptulla RA, Tamborlane W V., et al. The influence of insulin on circulating ghrelin. Am J Physiol - Endocrinol Metab. 2003;284(2):E313–6.
  • 24. Porte D, Woods SC. Regulation of food intake and body weight by insulin. Diabetologia. 1981;20(1 Supplement):274–80.
  • 25. Saad MF, Bernaba B, Hwu CM, Jinagouda S, Fahmi S, Kogosov E, et al. Insulin regulates plasma ghrelin concentration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(8):3997–4000.
  • 26. Sato T, Ida T, Nakamura Y, Shiimura Y, Kangawa K, Kojima M. Physiological roles of ghrelin on obesity. Obesity Research and Clinical Practice. 2014;8:e405–13.
  • 27. Onat A, Yıldırım B, Erer B, Başar Ö, Çetinkaya A, Ceyhan K, Sansoy V. Total kolesterol/HDL-kolesterol oranı koroner hastalığın en iyi lipid öngördürücüsü: trigliserid ortalama düzeyimiz yılda 1 Mg Yükselme gösteriyor. Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi. 2014;29:334-343.
  • 28. Bhutto IA, Baba T, Merges C, Juriasinghani V, McLeod DS, Lutty GA. C-reactive protein and complement factor H in aged human eyes and eyes with age-related macular degeneration. Br J Ophthalmol. 2011;95(9):1323–30.
  • 29. Cook DG, Mendall M a, Whincup PH, Carey IM, Ballam L, Morris JE, et al. C-reactive protein concentration in children: relationship to adiposity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Atherosclerosis. 2000;149(1):139–50.
  • 30. Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SD, Gallimore JR, Pepys MB. Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina. European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group. Lancet. 1997;349(9050):462–6.
  • 31. Pearson TA, Mensah GA, Alexander RW, Anderson JL, Cannon RO, Criqui M, et al. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: Application to clinical and public health practice: A statement for healthcare professionals from the centers for disease control and prevention and the American Heart Association. 107, Circulation. 2003;107:499–511.
  • 32. Haddy N, Sass C, Droesch S, Zaiou M, Siest G, Ponthieux A, et al. IL-6, TNF-α and atherosclerosis risk indicators in a healthy family population: The STANISLAS cohort. Atherosclerosis. 2003;170(2):277–83.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Defne Cebeci This is me

Eda Evgen Tülüceoğlu This is me

Taner Gonca This is me

Nilüfer Şahin Calapoğlu

Önder Öztürk

Mustafa Calapoğlu 0000-0002-6539-1335

Publication Date June 1, 2019
Submission Date May 10, 2018
Acceptance Date November 6, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 26 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Cebeci D, Evgen Tülüceoğlu E, Gonca T, Şahin Calapoğlu N, Öztürk Ö, Calapoğlu M. AÇLIK SERUM GRELİN DÜZEYLERİ VÜCUT KİTLE İNDEKSİ, KOLESTEROL, TRİGLİSERİT VE C- REAKTİF PROTEİN İLE NEGATİF İLİŞKİLİDİR. Med J SDU. 2019;26(2):141-9.

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