Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Yetişkinlerde Sosyal-Duygusal Yalnızlık, Manevi Duyarlık ve Yaşam Doyumu Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 857 - 872, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.47793/hp.1243425

Öz

Bu araştırmada yaşam doyumu ile sosyal-duygusal yalnızlık ve manevi duyarlık değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiler nicel yöntemler ile incelenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, sosyal-duygusal yalnızlık ve manevi duyarlık değişkenlerinin yaşam doyumunu ne kadar yordadığı da ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 20-63 yaş arasındaki yetişkinlerden oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılan yetişkinler 150’si kadın ve 96’sı erkek olmak üzere 246 kişiden oluşmaktadırlar. Araştırmada yer alan yetişkinlerin yaş aralığı 20-63 yaş arasındadır. Araştırma örneklemine ulaşabilmek için seçkisiz örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yetişkinlerde sosyal-duygusal yalnızlık ve manevi duyarlık ile yaşam doyumu değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiler Pearson Momentler Çarpımı analiziyle ve sosyal-duygusal yalnızlık ve manevi duyarlığın yaşam doyumunu ne derece yordadığı Basit Doğrusal Regresyon analiziyle incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, sosyal-duygusal yalnız olma ve yaşam doyumu arasında negatif yönlü; manevi duyarlılık ve yaşam doyumu arasında pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte sosyal-duygusal yalnızlığın yaşam doyumunun %22’sini ve manevi duyarlığın yaşam doyumunun %2’sini açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular literatürü literatür ışığında tartışılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Akgül, H. (2020). Yetişkinler için Sosyal ve Duygusal Yalnızlık Ölçeği’nin (SELSA-S) Türk kültürüne uyarlaması: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(21), 54-69.
  • Akyol, S. U. (2013). Boşanmış ve boşanmamış aileye sahip ergenlerın yalnızlık, yaşam doyumu, sosyal destek ve bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Pamukkale Üniversitesi.
  • Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. The American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.5.469
  • Baird, B. M., Lucas, R. E., & Donnellan, M. B. (2010). Life satisfaction across the lifespan: Findings from two nationally representative panel studies. Social Indicators Research, 99(2), 183–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9584-9
  • Bal, P. N., & Gülcan, A. (2014). Genç yetişkinlerde iyimserliğin mutluluk ve yaşam doyumu üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Asya Öğretim Dergisi, 2(1), 41-52.
  • Belzen, J. (2015). Religion and religiosity as cultural phenomena: From ontological reductionism to acknowledgment of plurality. In J. Valsiner, G. Marisico, N. Chaudhary, T. Sato, & V. Dazzani (Eds.), Psychology as the science of human being (pp. 193–208). Springer.
  • Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J. (2019). Do humans suffer a psychological low in midlife? Two approaches (with and without controls) in seven data sets. In M. Rojas (Ed.), The economics of happiness (pp. 439–453). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15835-4_19
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
  • Coffey, D., Gupta, A., Hathi, P., Khurana, N., Spears, D., Srivastav, N., & Vyas, S. (2014). Revealed preference for open defecation. Economic & Political Weekly, 49(38), 43.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Pegem.
  • Cowlishaw, S., Niele, S., Teshuva, K., Browning, C., & Kendig, H. (2013). Older adults' spirituality and life satisfaction: A longitudinal test of social support and sense of coherence as mediating mechanisms. Ageing & Society, 33(7), 1243-1262. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X12000633
  • Dağlı, A., & Baysal, N. (2016). Yaşam Doyumu Ölçegi’nin Türkçe'ye uyarlanmasi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalişmasi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.263229
  • Di Tommaso, E., & Spinner, B. (1993). The development and initial validation of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA). Personality and Individual Differences, 14(1), 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(93)90182-3
  • Di Tommaso, E., Brannen, C., & Best, L. A. (2004). Measurement and validity characteristics of the short version of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(1), 99-119. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164403258450
  • Diener, E. Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satifaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
  • Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276 –302. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276
  • Durak, İ. (2021). Psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide öz yeterliğin aracı etkisi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(78), 1175-1190. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.816639
  • Ekşi, H., Kaya, Ç., & Çiftçi, M. (2016). Maneviyat ve psikolojik danışma. İçinde Ekşi, H. ve Kaya, Ç. (Eds.), Manevi yönelimli psikoterapi ve psikolojik danışma (ss:13-46). Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Elban, M., & Aslan, S. (2022). Manevi Duyarlık Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Rumeli Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 28, 215-224. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1132545.
  • Emhan, A., & Çayır, C. (2010). Girişimcilerin stres ile başedebilmesinde tinsel değerlerin etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 24(2), 101-120.
  • Erikson, E. H. (1968). İdentity: Youth and crisis. Morton.
  • Erikson, E. H. (1982). The life cycle completed. Norton
  • Eroğlu, Ç. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsiyet ve yaşam doyumu düzeylerine göre sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 10-21.
  • Eryılmaz, A. (2016). Herkes için mutluluğun başucu kitabı: Kuramdan uygulamaya pozitif psikoloji (2.baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Esteban, R. F. C., Turpo-Chaparro, J. E., Mamani-Benito, O., Torres, J. H., & Arenaza, F. S. (2021). Spirituality and religiousness as predictors of life satisfaction among Peruvian citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon, 7(5), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06939
  • Ferrell, B. R., Grant, M., Funk, B., Otis-Green, S., & Garcia, N. (1998). Quality of life in breast cancer: Part II: Psychological and spiritual well-being. Cancer Nursing, 21(1), 1-9.
  • Gilman, R. & Huebner, E. S. (2006). Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 293-301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9036-7
  • Goodwin, R., Cook, O., & Yung, Y. (2001). Loneliness and life satisfaction among three cultural groups. Personal Relationships, 8(2), 225-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2001.tb00037.x
  • Guarnieri, S., Smorti, M., & Tani, F. (2015). Attachment relationships and life satisfaction during emerging adulthood. Social Indicators Research, 121(3), 833-847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-014-0655-1
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2013). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson.
  • Hartung, J., Spormann, S. S., Moshagen, M., & Wilhelm, O. (2021). Structural differences in life satisfaction in a US adult sample across age. Journal of Personality, 89(6), 1232-1251. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12654
  • Hawkley, L. C., Thisted, R. A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2009). Loneliness predicts reduced physical activity: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Health Psychology, 28(3), 354–363. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014400
  • Hill, P., Pargament, K., Hood, R., McCullough, M., Swyers, J., Larson, D., & Zinnbauer, B. (2000). Conceptualizing religion and spirituality: Points of commonality, points of departure. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 30, 51–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00119
  • Hollifield, C. R., & Conger, K. J. (2015). The role of siblings and psychological needs in predicting life satisfaction during emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 3(3), 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696814561544
  • Hudaynazarova, A., Avşaroğlu, S., Nurkoyuncu, S., & Başarikan, R. (2021). Yetişkinlerin yaşam doyumu, yalnızlık ve öz-tiksinme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(1), 183-198. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.812760
  • Jafari, E., Najafi, M., Sohrabi, F., Dehshiri, G. R., Soleymani, E., & Heshmati, R. (2010). Life satisfaction, spirituality well-being and hope in cancer patients. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1362-1366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.288
  • Jung, C. J. (1964). Man and his symbols. Doubleday.
  • Kahneman, D., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. (2004). Toward national well-being accounts. The American Economic Review. 94(2), 429-434.  http://doi.org/10.2307/3592923
  • Kaya, A., Balay, R., & Göçen, A. (2012). The level of teachers’ knowing, application and training need on alternative assessment and evaluation techniques. Journal of Human Sciences, 9(2), 1229-1259.
  • Kelley, B. S., & Miller, L. (2007). Life satisfaction and spirituality in adolescents. In R. L. Piedmont (Ed.), Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, (pp. 233-254). Brill.
  • Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Honkanen, R., Viinamaki, H., Heikkila, K., Kaprio, J., & Koskenvuo, M. (2001). Life satisfaction and suicide: A 20-year follow-up study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(3), 433–439. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.433
  • Küçükşen, K., Toptaş, T., & Çetin, S. N. (2023). Yetişkin bireylerde aile bütünlük duygusunun yaşam doyumu üzerindeki etkisi. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 13(1), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1123493
  • LaMothe, R. (2010). God representations as transitional subjects. Psychoanalytic Review, 97(3), 425-449. https://doi.org/10.1521/prev.2010.97.3.425
  • Ma, C. Q., & Huebner, E. S. (2008). Attachment relationships and adolescents’ life satisfaction: Some relationships matter more to girls than boys. Psychology in the Schools, 45(2), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20288
  • Maher, J. P., Pincus, A. L., Ram, N., & Conroy, D. E. (2015). Daily physical activity and life satisfaction across adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 51(10), 47-59.  https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000037
  • Matthews, K. A., Owens, J. F., Edmundowicz, D., Lee, L., & Kuller, L. H. (2006). Positive and negative attributes and risk for coronary and aortic calcification in healthy women. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(3), 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000221274.21709.d0
  • Murthy, R.S., Manoel-Bertolote, J., Epping-Jordan, J., Funk, M., Prentice, T., Saraceno, B., & Saxena, S. (2001). The World Health Report 2001-Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/whr/2001/en/ 
  • Ozmen, C. B., Brelsford, G. M., & Danieu, C. R. (2018). Political affiliation, spirituality, and religiosity: Links to emerging adults’ life satisfaction and optimism. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(2), 622-635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0477-y
  • Pargament, K. (1999). The psychology of religion and spirituality? Yes and no. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 9(1), 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0901_2
  • Park, C. (2005). Religion and meaning. In R. Paloutzian & C. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 357–381). Guilford Press.
  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993) Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), 137–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760701756946
  • Perissinotto, C.M., Cenzer, I.S., & Covinsky, K.E. (2012). Loneliness in older persons: A predictor of functional decline and death. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(14), 1078–1083. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternined.2012.1993
  • Ranta, M., Chow, A., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2013). Trajectories of life satisfaction and the financial situation in the transition to adulthood. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 4(1), 57-77. https://doi.org/10.14301/llcs.v4i1.216
  • Roof, W. C. (1999). Spiritual marketplace: Baby boomers and the remaking of American religion. Princeton University Press.
  • Røysamb, E., Tambs, K., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Neale, M. C., & Harris, J. R. (2003). Happiness and health: Environmental and genetic contributions to the relationship between subjective wellbeing, perceived health, and somatic illness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), 1136–1146. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.6.1136
  • Salimi, A. (2011). Social-emotional loneliness and life satisfaction. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 292-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.241
  • Schumacker, R., & Tomek, S. (2013). Understanding statistics using. Springer.
  • Segrin, C. (2006). Family interactions and well-being: Integrative perspectives. Journal of Family Communication, 6, 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327698jfc0601_2
  • Steinberg, L. (2005). Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(2), 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.005
  • Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York, NY: W. W. Norton ve Company.
  • Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Sinniah, D., Maniam, T., Kannan, K., Stanistreet, D., & Furnham, A. (2007). General health mediates the relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and depression: A study with Malaysian medical students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 42, 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0140-5
  • Tirri, K., Nokelainen, P., & Ubani, M. (2006). Conceptual definition and empirical validation of the Spiritual Sensitivity Scale. Journal of Empirical Theology, 19(1), 37-62.
  • Tümlü, G. Ü., & Recepoğlu, E. (2013). Üniversite akademik personelinin psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişki. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 3, 205-213.
  • Türk, M. E., & Bilici, M. (2021). Psikanalitik ve psikodinamik perspektiften din ve maneviyat. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(18), 22-34.
  • Türkel, Z., & Dilmaç, B. (2019). Ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımı, yalnızlık ve yaşam doyumu arasindaki yordayici ilişkiler. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 57-70.
  • Wei, M., Liao, K., Ku, T., & Shaffer, P. (2011). Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 79(1), 191–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00677.x
  • Weiss, R. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. MIT Press.
  • Wink, P. (1999). Addressing end-of-life issues: Spirituality and inner life. Generations, 23, 75-80.
  • Wink, P., & Dillon, M. (2002). Spiritual development across the adult life course: Findings from a longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development, 9(1), 79-94.
  • Winnicot., W., D. (1971). Oyun ve Gerçeklik. Metis Yayınları.
  • Wong, D.F.K., Chang, Y., He, X., & Wu, Q. (2010). The protective functions of relationships, social support and self-esteem in the life satisfaction of children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 56(2), 143-157. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764009102755
  • Young, J. (1982). Loneliness, depression and cognitive therapy: Theory and application. In L. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 379-405). Wiley-Interscience.

Examining the Relationships Between Social-Emotional Loneliness, Spiritual Sensitivity and Life Satisfaction in Adults

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 857 - 872, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.47793/hp.1243425

Öz

This study examined the relationships between life satisfaction, social-emotional loneliness, and spiritual sensitivity variables using quantitative methods. In addition, the extent to which social-emotional loneliness and spiritual sensitivity variables predict life satisfaction was also discussed. The sample of the study consisted of adults between the ages of 20-63. Adults participating in the study consisted of 246 people, 150 women, and 96 men. The age range of the adults included in the study is between 20 and 63. In order to reach the research sample, the convenience sampling method, one of the random sampling methods, was used. The relationships between social-emotional loneliness and spiritual sensitivity and life satisfaction variables in adults were examined with Pearson Product-Moment analysis and to what extent social-emotional loneliness and spiritual sensitivity predicted life satisfaction was analyzed with Simple Linear Regression analysis. According to the research findings, there was a negative relationship between social-emotional loneliness and life satisfaction; a positive and significant relationship was found between spiritual sensitivity and life satisfaction. However, it was concluded that social-emotional loneliness explained 22% of life satisfaction, and spiritual sensitivity explained 2% of life satisfaction. The findings obtained from the research were discussed in the light of the literature.

Kaynakça

  • Akgül, H. (2020). Yetişkinler için Sosyal ve Duygusal Yalnızlık Ölçeği’nin (SELSA-S) Türk kültürüne uyarlaması: Geçerlilik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Yalova Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(21), 54-69.
  • Akyol, S. U. (2013). Boşanmış ve boşanmamış aileye sahip ergenlerın yalnızlık, yaşam doyumu, sosyal destek ve bazı değişkenler açısından incelenmesi [Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Pamukkale Üniversitesi.
  • Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. The American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066X.55.5.469
  • Baird, B. M., Lucas, R. E., & Donnellan, M. B. (2010). Life satisfaction across the lifespan: Findings from two nationally representative panel studies. Social Indicators Research, 99(2), 183–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9584-9
  • Bal, P. N., & Gülcan, A. (2014). Genç yetişkinlerde iyimserliğin mutluluk ve yaşam doyumu üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Asya Öğretim Dergisi, 2(1), 41-52.
  • Belzen, J. (2015). Religion and religiosity as cultural phenomena: From ontological reductionism to acknowledgment of plurality. In J. Valsiner, G. Marisico, N. Chaudhary, T. Sato, & V. Dazzani (Eds.), Psychology as the science of human being (pp. 193–208). Springer.
  • Blanchflower, D. G., & Oswald, A. J. (2019). Do humans suffer a psychological low in midlife? Two approaches (with and without controls) in seven data sets. In M. Rojas (Ed.), The economics of happiness (pp. 439–453). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15835-4_19
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
  • Coffey, D., Gupta, A., Hathi, P., Khurana, N., Spears, D., Srivastav, N., & Vyas, S. (2014). Revealed preference for open defecation. Economic & Political Weekly, 49(38), 43.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2018). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Pegem.
  • Cowlishaw, S., Niele, S., Teshuva, K., Browning, C., & Kendig, H. (2013). Older adults' spirituality and life satisfaction: A longitudinal test of social support and sense of coherence as mediating mechanisms. Ageing & Society, 33(7), 1243-1262. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X12000633
  • Dağlı, A., & Baysal, N. (2016). Yaşam Doyumu Ölçegi’nin Türkçe'ye uyarlanmasi: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalişmasi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.263229
  • Di Tommaso, E., & Spinner, B. (1993). The development and initial validation of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA). Personality and Individual Differences, 14(1), 127-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(93)90182-3
  • Di Tommaso, E., Brannen, C., & Best, L. A. (2004). Measurement and validity characteristics of the short version of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64(1), 99-119. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164403258450
  • Diener, E. Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satifaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
  • Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 276 –302. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276
  • Durak, İ. (2021). Psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişkide öz yeterliğin aracı etkisi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 20(78), 1175-1190. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.816639
  • Ekşi, H., Kaya, Ç., & Çiftçi, M. (2016). Maneviyat ve psikolojik danışma. İçinde Ekşi, H. ve Kaya, Ç. (Eds.), Manevi yönelimli psikoterapi ve psikolojik danışma (ss:13-46). Kaknüs Yayınları.
  • Elban, M., & Aslan, S. (2022). Manevi Duyarlık Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Rumeli Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, 28, 215-224. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1132545.
  • Emhan, A., & Çayır, C. (2010). Girişimcilerin stres ile başedebilmesinde tinsel değerlerin etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 24(2), 101-120.
  • Erikson, E. H. (1968). İdentity: Youth and crisis. Morton.
  • Erikson, E. H. (1982). The life cycle completed. Norton
  • Eroğlu, Ç. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsiyet ve yaşam doyumu düzeylerine göre sosyal ve duygusal yalnızlık düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 10-21.
  • Eryılmaz, A. (2016). Herkes için mutluluğun başucu kitabı: Kuramdan uygulamaya pozitif psikoloji (2.baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Esteban, R. F. C., Turpo-Chaparro, J. E., Mamani-Benito, O., Torres, J. H., & Arenaza, F. S. (2021). Spirituality and religiousness as predictors of life satisfaction among Peruvian citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon, 7(5), 39-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06939
  • Ferrell, B. R., Grant, M., Funk, B., Otis-Green, S., & Garcia, N. (1998). Quality of life in breast cancer: Part II: Psychological and spiritual well-being. Cancer Nursing, 21(1), 1-9.
  • Gilman, R. & Huebner, E. S. (2006). Characteristics of adolescents who report very high life satisfaction. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 35, 293-301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9036-7
  • Goodwin, R., Cook, O., & Yung, Y. (2001). Loneliness and life satisfaction among three cultural groups. Personal Relationships, 8(2), 225-230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2001.tb00037.x
  • Guarnieri, S., Smorti, M., & Tani, F. (2015). Attachment relationships and life satisfaction during emerging adulthood. Social Indicators Research, 121(3), 833-847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-014-0655-1
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2013). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson.
  • Hartung, J., Spormann, S. S., Moshagen, M., & Wilhelm, O. (2021). Structural differences in life satisfaction in a US adult sample across age. Journal of Personality, 89(6), 1232-1251. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12654
  • Hawkley, L. C., Thisted, R. A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2009). Loneliness predicts reduced physical activity: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Health Psychology, 28(3), 354–363. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0014400
  • Hill, P., Pargament, K., Hood, R., McCullough, M., Swyers, J., Larson, D., & Zinnbauer, B. (2000). Conceptualizing religion and spirituality: Points of commonality, points of departure. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 30, 51–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5914.00119
  • Hollifield, C. R., & Conger, K. J. (2015). The role of siblings and psychological needs in predicting life satisfaction during emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 3(3), 143-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696814561544
  • Hudaynazarova, A., Avşaroğlu, S., Nurkoyuncu, S., & Başarikan, R. (2021). Yetişkinlerin yaşam doyumu, yalnızlık ve öz-tiksinme düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 10(1), 183-198. https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.812760
  • Jafari, E., Najafi, M., Sohrabi, F., Dehshiri, G. R., Soleymani, E., & Heshmati, R. (2010). Life satisfaction, spirituality well-being and hope in cancer patients. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1362-1366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.288
  • Jung, C. J. (1964). Man and his symbols. Doubleday.
  • Kahneman, D., Krueger, A. B., Schkade, D., Schwarz, N., & Stone, A. (2004). Toward national well-being accounts. The American Economic Review. 94(2), 429-434.  http://doi.org/10.2307/3592923
  • Kaya, A., Balay, R., & Göçen, A. (2012). The level of teachers’ knowing, application and training need on alternative assessment and evaluation techniques. Journal of Human Sciences, 9(2), 1229-1259.
  • Kelley, B. S., & Miller, L. (2007). Life satisfaction and spirituality in adolescents. In R. L. Piedmont (Ed.), Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, (pp. 233-254). Brill.
  • Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., Honkanen, R., Viinamaki, H., Heikkila, K., Kaprio, J., & Koskenvuo, M. (2001). Life satisfaction and suicide: A 20-year follow-up study. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(3), 433–439. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.433
  • Küçükşen, K., Toptaş, T., & Çetin, S. N. (2023). Yetişkin bireylerde aile bütünlük duygusunun yaşam doyumu üzerindeki etkisi. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 13(1), 119-130. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1123493
  • LaMothe, R. (2010). God representations as transitional subjects. Psychoanalytic Review, 97(3), 425-449. https://doi.org/10.1521/prev.2010.97.3.425
  • Ma, C. Q., & Huebner, E. S. (2008). Attachment relationships and adolescents’ life satisfaction: Some relationships matter more to girls than boys. Psychology in the Schools, 45(2), 177–190. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20288
  • Maher, J. P., Pincus, A. L., Ram, N., & Conroy, D. E. (2015). Daily physical activity and life satisfaction across adulthood. Developmental Psychology, 51(10), 47-59.  https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000037
  • Matthews, K. A., Owens, J. F., Edmundowicz, D., Lee, L., & Kuller, L. H. (2006). Positive and negative attributes and risk for coronary and aortic calcification in healthy women. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(3), 355–361. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.psy.0000221274.21709.d0
  • Murthy, R.S., Manoel-Bertolote, J., Epping-Jordan, J., Funk, M., Prentice, T., Saraceno, B., & Saxena, S. (2001). The World Health Report 2001-Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/whr/2001/en/ 
  • Ozmen, C. B., Brelsford, G. M., & Danieu, C. R. (2018). Political affiliation, spirituality, and religiosity: Links to emerging adults’ life satisfaction and optimism. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(2), 622-635. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0477-y
  • Pargament, K. (1999). The psychology of religion and spirituality? Yes and no. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 9(1), 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327582ijpr0901_2
  • Park, C. (2005). Religion and meaning. In R. Paloutzian & C. Park (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (pp. 357–381). Guilford Press.
  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (1993) Review of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Psychological Assessment, 5, 164–172. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.5.2.164
  • Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2008). The satisfaction with life scale and the emerging construct of life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), 137–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760701756946
  • Perissinotto, C.M., Cenzer, I.S., & Covinsky, K.E. (2012). Loneliness in older persons: A predictor of functional decline and death. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(14), 1078–1083. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternined.2012.1993
  • Ranta, M., Chow, A., & Salmela-Aro, K. (2013). Trajectories of life satisfaction and the financial situation in the transition to adulthood. Longitudinal and Life Course Studies, 4(1), 57-77. https://doi.org/10.14301/llcs.v4i1.216
  • Roof, W. C. (1999). Spiritual marketplace: Baby boomers and the remaking of American religion. Princeton University Press.
  • Røysamb, E., Tambs, K., Reichborn-Kjennerud, T., Neale, M. C., & Harris, J. R. (2003). Happiness and health: Environmental and genetic contributions to the relationship between subjective wellbeing, perceived health, and somatic illness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(6), 1136–1146. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.6.1136
  • Salimi, A. (2011). Social-emotional loneliness and life satisfaction. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 292-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.241
  • Schumacker, R., & Tomek, S. (2013). Understanding statistics using. Springer.
  • Segrin, C. (2006). Family interactions and well-being: Integrative perspectives. Journal of Family Communication, 6, 3–21. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327698jfc0601_2
  • Steinberg, L. (2005). Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9(2), 69-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.005
  • Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York, NY: W. W. Norton ve Company.
  • Swami, V., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., Sinniah, D., Maniam, T., Kannan, K., Stanistreet, D., & Furnham, A. (2007). General health mediates the relationship between loneliness, life satisfaction and depression: A study with Malaysian medical students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 42, 161-166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0140-5
  • Tirri, K., Nokelainen, P., & Ubani, M. (2006). Conceptual definition and empirical validation of the Spiritual Sensitivity Scale. Journal of Empirical Theology, 19(1), 37-62.
  • Tümlü, G. Ü., & Recepoğlu, E. (2013). Üniversite akademik personelinin psikolojik dayanıklılık ve yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişki. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 3, 205-213.
  • Türk, M. E., & Bilici, M. (2021). Psikanalitik ve psikodinamik perspektiften din ve maneviyat. İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(18), 22-34.
  • Türkel, Z., & Dilmaç, B. (2019). Ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımı, yalnızlık ve yaşam doyumu arasindaki yordayici ilişkiler. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Ereğli Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 57-70.
  • Wei, M., Liao, K., Ku, T., & Shaffer, P. (2011). Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 79(1), 191–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2010.00677.x
  • Weiss, R. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. MIT Press.
  • Wink, P. (1999). Addressing end-of-life issues: Spirituality and inner life. Generations, 23, 75-80.
  • Wink, P., & Dillon, M. (2002). Spiritual development across the adult life course: Findings from a longitudinal study. Journal of Adult Development, 9(1), 79-94.
  • Winnicot., W., D. (1971). Oyun ve Gerçeklik. Metis Yayınları.
  • Wong, D.F.K., Chang, Y., He, X., & Wu, Q. (2010). The protective functions of relationships, social support and self-esteem in the life satisfaction of children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 56(2), 143-157. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764009102755
  • Young, J. (1982). Loneliness, depression and cognitive therapy: Theory and application. In L. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 379-405). Wiley-Interscience.
Toplam 73 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Psikoloji
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hacer Yıldırım Kurtuluş 0000-0002-0880-1318

Haluk Alçın 0000-0001-6506-5604

Oğuzhan Yılmaz 0000-0001-8318-7672

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 27 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldırım Kurtuluş, H., Alçın, H., & Yılmaz, O. (2023). Yetişkinlerde Sosyal-Duygusal Yalnızlık, Manevi Duyarlık ve Yaşam Doyumu Arasındaki İlişkilerin İncelenmesi. Humanistic Perspective, 5(2), 857-872. https://doi.org/10.47793/hp.1243425


Humanistic Perspective - 2019


DergiPark Webhttps://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hp | E-posta: hpeditorluk@gmail.com