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Astımlı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde değerlendirilmesi: Kalitatif bir çalışma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 52 - 59, 31.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.69622

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma astımlı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin pandemi döneminde yaşadıkları deneyimleri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma Ekim 2021- Ocak 2022 tarihleri arasında İç Anadolu’da bulunan bir üniversite ve şehir hastanesinin çocuk göğüs hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen, dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan ve araştırmaya katılmak için gönüllü 17 ebeveyn ile yapılmıştır. Ebeveynlere yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formunda yer alan 5 soru sorulmuş ve ebeveynlerin ses kayıtları alınmıştır. Alınan ses kayıtlarından içerik analizi tekniği ile temalar oluşturulmuştur.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynlerin %53’ünün lise mezunu, %82’sinin kadın, yaş ortalamalarının 31, çocukların %59’unun erkek, yaş ortalamalarının ise 6.5 olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ses kayıtlarının analizi sonucunda “korku ve anksiyete”, “sosyal izolasyon”, “dijital oyun”, “sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşma”, “psikososyal destek” isimli 5 ana tema belirlenmiştir.
Sonuçlar: Bu araştırmada; astım hastalığı olan çocuk ve ailelerinin COVID-19 pandemisinde psikolojik ve sosyal yönden sorunlar yaşandığı, sağlık hizmetlerine erişim konusunda zorlandıkları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca aile ve çocukların psikososyal yardıma ihtiyaç duydukları ve destek sistemlerinin yetersiz kaldığı görülmüştür. Bu nedenle astımlı hastalığa sahip aile ve çocukların psikososyal yönden desteklenmesi önerilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Abrams, E. M., McGill, G., Bhopal, S. S., Sinha, I., & Fernandes, R. M. (2020). COVID-19, asthma, and return to school. Lancet. Respiratory Medicine, 8(9), 847–849. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30353-2
  • Ademhan Tural, D., Emiralioglu, N., Tural Hesapcioglu, S., Karahan, S., Ozsezen, B., Sunman, B., Nayir Buyuksahin, H., Yalcin, E., Dogru, D., Ozcelik, U., & Kiper, N. (2020). Psychiatric and general health effects of COVID-19 pandemic on children with chronic lung disease and parents' coping styles. Pediatric Pulmonology, 55(12), 3579–3586. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.25082
  • Audi, N., Gupta, A., Cook, J., Latham, S., Tomlin, B., Chakrabarti, S., & Nagakumar, P. (2020). Emotional impact of Covid-19 pandemic on children and parents with problematic severe asthma. Authorea Preprints. https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159714891.13637598
  • Burrows, A. G., & Ellis, A. K. (2022). Psychological impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 on people with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergy. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology: Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 129(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2021.12.013
  • Cahal, M., Amirav, I., Diamant, N., Be'er, M., Besor, O., & Lavie, M. (2021). Real-time effects of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on pediatric respiratory patients. Pediatric Pulmonology, 56(6), 1401–1408. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.25310
  • Chen, C. Y., Byrne, E., & Vélez, T. (2022). A preliminary study of COVID-19-related stressors, parenting stress, and parental psychological well-being among parents of school-age children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(6), 1558–1569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02321-1
  • Çölkesen, F., Kılınçel, O., Sözen, M., Yıldız, E., Beyaz, Ş., Çölkesen, F., Aytekın, G., Koçak, M. Z., Alsancak, Y., Araz, M., & Arslan, Ş. (2021). The impact of SARS-CoV-2 transmission fear and the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders and severe asthma, and other high-risk groups. Asthma Allergy Immunol, 19, 84-91. http://doi.org/10.21911/aai.651
  • Daoud Pérez, Z., Rázquin Arias, M., López-Escobar, A., Díaz-Conradi, A., Arce, A., Ruggeri, N., Romero Blanco, I., Díaz-Delgado, B., & Ventura Wichner, P. S. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children with recurrent wheezing and asthma in Spain. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 58(9), 1635–1641. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.16068
  • Darlington, A. E., Morgan, J. E., Wagland, R., Sodergren, S. C., Culliford, D., Gamble, A., & Phillips, B. (2021). COVID-19 and children with cancer: Parents' experiences, anxieties and support needs. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 68(2), e28790. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28790
  • Di Giorgio, E., Di Riso, D., Mioni, G., & Cellini, N. (2021). The interplay between mothers' and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: an Italian study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(9), 1401–1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01631-3
  • Di Riso, D., Spaggiari, S., Cambrisi, E., Ferraro, V., Carraro, S., & Zanconato, S. (2021). Psychosocial impact of Covid-19 outbreak on Italian asthmatic children and their mothers in a post lockdown scenario. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 9152. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88152-4
  • Evans, S., Mikocka-Walus, A., Klas, A., Olive, L., Sciberras, E., Karantzas, G., & Westrupp, E. M. (2020). From "it has stopped our lives" to "spending more time together has strengthened bonds": The varied experiences of Australian families during COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 588667. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588667
  • Gerald, L. B., Simmons, B., Lowe, A. A., Liu, A. H., Nez, P., Begay, E., & Bender, B. (2023). COVID-19 on the Navajo Nation: Experiences of Diné families of children with asthma. The Journal of Asthma: Official Journal of The Association for the Care of Asthma, 60(3), 565–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2022.2073550
  • González-Rábago, Y., Cabezas-Rodríguez, A., & Martín, U. (2021). Social inequalities in health determinants in Spanish children during the COVID-19 lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084087
  • Hepkaya, E., Kilinc, A. A., Cebi, M. N., Koyuncu, Z., & Cokugras, H. (2021). General health status of children with asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatrics İnternational: Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 63(3), 331–337. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14453
  • Hoffman, J. A., & Miller, E. A. (2020). Addressing the consequences of school closure due to COVID-19 on children's physical and mental well-being. World Medical & Health Policy, 12(3), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.365
  • Jeffs, E., Lucas, N., & Walls, T. (2021). COVID-19: Parent and caregiver concerns about reopening New Zealand schools. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 57(3), 403–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.15234
  • Jia, Y., Bao, J., Yi, M., Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Wang, H., Li, Y., & Chen, O. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on asthma control among children: a qualitative study from caregivers' perspectives and experiences. BMJ Open, 11(5), e046525. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046525
  • Kaye, L., Theye, B., Smeenk, I., Gondalia, R., Barrett, M. A., & Stempel, D. A. (2020). Changes in medication adherence among patients with asthma and COPD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(7), 2384–2385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.053
  • Kenyon, C. C., Hill, D. A., Henrickson, S. E., Bryant-Stephens, T. C., & Zorc, J. J. (2020). Initial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric asthma emergency department utilization. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(8), 2774–2776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.045
  • Kroshus, E., Hawrilenko, M., Tandon, P. S., & Christakis, D. A. (2020). Plans of US parents regarding school attendance for their children in the fall of 2020: A national survey. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(11), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3864
  • Kwiatkowska, J., Meyer-Szary, J., Mazurek-Kula, A., Zuk, M., Migdal, A., Kusa, J., ... & Kopec, G. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children with pulmonary arterial hypertension. parental anxiety and attitudes. Follow-up data from the Polish registry of pulmonary hypertension (BNP-PL). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(8), 1640. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081640
  • Ierodiakonou, D., Zanobetti, A., Coull, B. A., Melly, S., Postma, D. S., Boezen, H. M., ... & Childhood Asthma Management Program Research Group. (2016). Ambient air pollution, lung function, and airway responsiveness in asthmatic children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 137(2), 390–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.028
  • McLoone, J., Wakefield, C. E., Marshall, G. M., Pierce, K., Jaffe, A., Bye, A., Kennedy, S. E., Drew, D., & Lingam, R. (2022). It's made a really hard situation even more difficult: The impact of COVID-19 on families of children with chronic illness. Plos One, 17(9), e0273622. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273622
  • Ochoa-Avilés, A. M., Ochoa-Avilés, C., Morillo-Argudo, D. A., Molina-Cando, M. J., Rodas-Espinoza, C. R., Ster, I. C., ... & Cooper, P. J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on asthma symptoms and management: A prospective analysis of asthmatic children in Ecuador. World Allergy Organization Journal, 14(6), 100551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100551
  • Özdemir, C. (2018). Çocuklarda astımın tanımı ve yönetimi Klinik Tıp Pediatri Dergisi, 10(2), 27-32.
  • Postigo-Zegarra, S., Julián, M., Schoeps, K., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2021). Psychological adjustment of Spanish adolescents and their parents during COVID-19 lockdown: A mixed method approach. Plos One, 16(7), e0255149. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255149
  • Roos, L. E., Salisbury, M., Penner-Goeke, L., Cameron, E. E., Protudjer, J. L. P., Giuliano, R., Afifi, T. O., & Reynolds, K. (2021). Supporting families to protect child health: Parenting quality and household needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Plos One, 16(5), e0251720. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251720
  • Sancakli, O., Tuncel, T., Eren Akarcan, S., Kanık, A., Özyurt, G., & Ozdogru, E. E. (2022). Anxiety levels and changes in health and hygiene behaviors in mothers of children with asthma in early COVID-19 lockdown in Turkey. Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, 35(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1089/ped.2021.0113
  • Searing, D. A., Dutmer, C. M., Fleischer, D. M., Shaker, M. S., Oppenheimer, J., Grayson, M. H., ... & Greenhawt, M. (2020). A phased approach to resuming suspended allergy/immunology clinical services. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(7), 2125–2134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.012
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  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents' stress and children's psychological problems in families facing the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1713. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01713
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Evaluation of parents of children with asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic process: A qualitative study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 52 - 59, 31.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.69622

Öz

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the experiences of parents with asthmatic children during the pandemic period.
Methods: This study was conducted with 17 parents who applied to the pediatric chest outpatient clinic of a university and city hospital in Central Anatolia between October 2021 and January 2022, met the inclusion criteria and volunteered to participate in the study, which was determined by the purposeful sampling method. A face-to-face interview method was applied to the parents, and 5 questions in the semi-structured interview form were asked and a voice recording was taken. The themes were created by analyzing the content of the audio recordings taken.
Results: It was determined that 53% of the parents participating in the study were high school graduates, 82% were female, their average age was 31, 59% of the children were male, and their average age was 6.5. As a result of the analysis, 5 main themes were determined, namely “fear and anxiety”, “social isolation”, “digital game”, “access to health services” and “psychosocial support”.
Conclusion: In this study, it has been determined that children with asthma and their families have psychological and social problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and have difficulties in accessing health services. In addition, it has been observed that families and children need help and their support systems are insufficient. For this reason, it is recommended that families and children with asthma be supported psychosocially.

Kaynakça

  • Abrams, E. M., McGill, G., Bhopal, S. S., Sinha, I., & Fernandes, R. M. (2020). COVID-19, asthma, and return to school. Lancet. Respiratory Medicine, 8(9), 847–849. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30353-2
  • Ademhan Tural, D., Emiralioglu, N., Tural Hesapcioglu, S., Karahan, S., Ozsezen, B., Sunman, B., Nayir Buyuksahin, H., Yalcin, E., Dogru, D., Ozcelik, U., & Kiper, N. (2020). Psychiatric and general health effects of COVID-19 pandemic on children with chronic lung disease and parents' coping styles. Pediatric Pulmonology, 55(12), 3579–3586. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.25082
  • Audi, N., Gupta, A., Cook, J., Latham, S., Tomlin, B., Chakrabarti, S., & Nagakumar, P. (2020). Emotional impact of Covid-19 pandemic on children and parents with problematic severe asthma. Authorea Preprints. https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159714891.13637598
  • Burrows, A. G., & Ellis, A. K. (2022). Psychological impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 on people with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergy. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology: Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 129(1), 52–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anai.2021.12.013
  • Cahal, M., Amirav, I., Diamant, N., Be'er, M., Besor, O., & Lavie, M. (2021). Real-time effects of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on pediatric respiratory patients. Pediatric Pulmonology, 56(6), 1401–1408. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.25310
  • Chen, C. Y., Byrne, E., & Vélez, T. (2022). A preliminary study of COVID-19-related stressors, parenting stress, and parental psychological well-being among parents of school-age children. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(6), 1558–1569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-022-02321-1
  • Çölkesen, F., Kılınçel, O., Sözen, M., Yıldız, E., Beyaz, Ş., Çölkesen, F., Aytekın, G., Koçak, M. Z., Alsancak, Y., Araz, M., & Arslan, Ş. (2021). The impact of SARS-CoV-2 transmission fear and the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of patients with primary immunodeficiency disorders and severe asthma, and other high-risk groups. Asthma Allergy Immunol, 19, 84-91. http://doi.org/10.21911/aai.651
  • Daoud Pérez, Z., Rázquin Arias, M., López-Escobar, A., Díaz-Conradi, A., Arce, A., Ruggeri, N., Romero Blanco, I., Díaz-Delgado, B., & Ventura Wichner, P. S. (2022). The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on children with recurrent wheezing and asthma in Spain. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 58(9), 1635–1641. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.16068
  • Darlington, A. E., Morgan, J. E., Wagland, R., Sodergren, S. C., Culliford, D., Gamble, A., & Phillips, B. (2021). COVID-19 and children with cancer: Parents' experiences, anxieties and support needs. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 68(2), e28790. https://doi.org/10.1002/pbc.28790
  • Di Giorgio, E., Di Riso, D., Mioni, G., & Cellini, N. (2021). The interplay between mothers' and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: an Italian study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(9), 1401–1412. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01631-3
  • Di Riso, D., Spaggiari, S., Cambrisi, E., Ferraro, V., Carraro, S., & Zanconato, S. (2021). Psychosocial impact of Covid-19 outbreak on Italian asthmatic children and their mothers in a post lockdown scenario. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 9152. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88152-4
  • Evans, S., Mikocka-Walus, A., Klas, A., Olive, L., Sciberras, E., Karantzas, G., & Westrupp, E. M. (2020). From "it has stopped our lives" to "spending more time together has strengthened bonds": The varied experiences of Australian families during COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 588667. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.588667
  • Gerald, L. B., Simmons, B., Lowe, A. A., Liu, A. H., Nez, P., Begay, E., & Bender, B. (2023). COVID-19 on the Navajo Nation: Experiences of Diné families of children with asthma. The Journal of Asthma: Official Journal of The Association for the Care of Asthma, 60(3), 565–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2022.2073550
  • González-Rábago, Y., Cabezas-Rodríguez, A., & Martín, U. (2021). Social inequalities in health determinants in Spanish children during the COVID-19 lockdown. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(8), 4087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084087
  • Hepkaya, E., Kilinc, A. A., Cebi, M. N., Koyuncu, Z., & Cokugras, H. (2021). General health status of children with asthma during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatrics İnternational: Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 63(3), 331–337. https://doi.org/10.1111/ped.14453
  • Hoffman, J. A., & Miller, E. A. (2020). Addressing the consequences of school closure due to COVID-19 on children's physical and mental well-being. World Medical & Health Policy, 12(3), 300–310. https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.365
  • Jeffs, E., Lucas, N., & Walls, T. (2021). COVID-19: Parent and caregiver concerns about reopening New Zealand schools. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 57(3), 403–408. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.15234
  • Jia, Y., Bao, J., Yi, M., Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Wang, H., Li, Y., & Chen, O. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on asthma control among children: a qualitative study from caregivers' perspectives and experiences. BMJ Open, 11(5), e046525. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046525
  • Kaye, L., Theye, B., Smeenk, I., Gondalia, R., Barrett, M. A., & Stempel, D. A. (2020). Changes in medication adherence among patients with asthma and COPD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(7), 2384–2385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.053
  • Kenyon, C. C., Hill, D. A., Henrickson, S. E., Bryant-Stephens, T. C., & Zorc, J. J. (2020). Initial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric asthma emergency department utilization. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(8), 2774–2776. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.045
  • Kroshus, E., Hawrilenko, M., Tandon, P. S., & Christakis, D. A. (2020). Plans of US parents regarding school attendance for their children in the fall of 2020: A national survey. JAMA Pediatrics, 174(11), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.3864
  • Kwiatkowska, J., Meyer-Szary, J., Mazurek-Kula, A., Zuk, M., Migdal, A., Kusa, J., ... & Kopec, G. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children with pulmonary arterial hypertension. parental anxiety and attitudes. Follow-up data from the Polish registry of pulmonary hypertension (BNP-PL). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(8), 1640. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081640
  • Ierodiakonou, D., Zanobetti, A., Coull, B. A., Melly, S., Postma, D. S., Boezen, H. M., ... & Childhood Asthma Management Program Research Group. (2016). Ambient air pollution, lung function, and airway responsiveness in asthmatic children. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 137(2), 390–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.028
  • McLoone, J., Wakefield, C. E., Marshall, G. M., Pierce, K., Jaffe, A., Bye, A., Kennedy, S. E., Drew, D., & Lingam, R. (2022). It's made a really hard situation even more difficult: The impact of COVID-19 on families of children with chronic illness. Plos One, 17(9), e0273622. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273622
  • Ochoa-Avilés, A. M., Ochoa-Avilés, C., Morillo-Argudo, D. A., Molina-Cando, M. J., Rodas-Espinoza, C. R., Ster, I. C., ... & Cooper, P. J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on asthma symptoms and management: A prospective analysis of asthmatic children in Ecuador. World Allergy Organization Journal, 14(6), 100551. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100551
  • Özdemir, C. (2018). Çocuklarda astımın tanımı ve yönetimi Klinik Tıp Pediatri Dergisi, 10(2), 27-32.
  • Postigo-Zegarra, S., Julián, M., Schoeps, K., & Montoya-Castilla, I. (2021). Psychological adjustment of Spanish adolescents and their parents during COVID-19 lockdown: A mixed method approach. Plos One, 16(7), e0255149. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255149
  • Roos, L. E., Salisbury, M., Penner-Goeke, L., Cameron, E. E., Protudjer, J. L. P., Giuliano, R., Afifi, T. O., & Reynolds, K. (2021). Supporting families to protect child health: Parenting quality and household needs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Plos One, 16(5), e0251720. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251720
  • Sancakli, O., Tuncel, T., Eren Akarcan, S., Kanık, A., Özyurt, G., & Ozdogru, E. E. (2022). Anxiety levels and changes in health and hygiene behaviors in mothers of children with asthma in early COVID-19 lockdown in Turkey. Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, 35(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1089/ped.2021.0113
  • Searing, D. A., Dutmer, C. M., Fleischer, D. M., Shaker, M. S., Oppenheimer, J., Grayson, M. H., ... & Greenhawt, M. (2020). A phased approach to resuming suspended allergy/immunology clinical services. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 8(7), 2125–2134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.012
  • Siachpazidou, D. I., Kotsiou, O. S., Chatziparasidis, G., Papagiannis, D., Vavougios, G. D., Gogou, E., Stavrou, V. T., & Gourgoulianis, K. I. (2021). Action and reaction of pre-primary and primary school-age children to restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic in Greece. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(6), 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11060451
  • Kids, S. (2020, June 17). COVID-19: Recommendations for school reopening. https://www.sickkids.ca/PDFs/About-SickKids/81407-COVID19-Recommendations-for-School-Reopening-SickKids.pdf
  • Spaggiari, S., Forlini, V., Carraro, S., Ferraro, V. A., Zanconato, S., Montanaro, M., Cecinati, V., Zaffani, S., Maffeis, C., & Di Riso, D. (2022). Spending time with mothers as a resource for children with chronic diseases: A comparison of asthma, type 1 diabetes, and cancer during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), 14126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114126
  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents' stress and children's psychological problems in families facing the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1713. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01713
  • Şen, G., & Dibek Mısırlıoğlu, E. (2021). Astımlı çocuklarda COVID-19 etkisi. Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease, 15, 251–255. https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.856766
  • Tarsuslu, B., Sahin, A., Durat, G., & Arikan, D. (2021). An analysis of parents’ perceived stress and the parent-child relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 97-107. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v20i5.5540
  • Willner, P., Rose, J., Stenfert Kroese, B., Murphy, G. H., Langdon, P. E., Clifford, C., Hutchings, H., Watkins, A., Hiles, S., & Cooper, V. (2020). Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of carers of people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 33(6), 1523–1533. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12811
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri (11.Baskı). Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara
  • Zorcec, T., Jakovska, T., Micevska, V., Boskovska, K., & Cholakovska, V. C. (2020). Pandemic with COVID-19 and families with children with chronic respiratory diseases. Prilozi, 41(2), 95–101. https://doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2020-0038
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Ayşe Belpınar 0000-0002-8042-6882

Mehmet Ali Akdemir Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-7345-7461

Emriye Hilal Yayan 0000-0003-0075-4171

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Belpınar, A., Ali Akdemir, M., & Yayan, E. H. (2023). Astımlı çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerin COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde değerlendirilmesi: Kalitatif bir çalışma. Anatolian Journal of Health Research, 4(2), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.29228/anatoljhr.69622

Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License

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