Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 47 - 59, 30.12.2018
Öz
Nutritional habits,
one of the basic characteristics acquired in the first years of life, have been
associated with overweight and obesity in later ages. The aim of the study was
to examine food knowledge of the 4-5 age children and whether recognition of
foods as healthy and unhealthy. 287 children (girl= 148, male= 139)
participated in the study. After taking height and weight measurements, 20
healthy and unhealthy foods had shown to children (healthy: apple, milk, cheese
etc.; unhealthy: chocolate, chips, hamburger etc.). Firstly, the child was
first asked to name of the food and then they asked to say whether they thought
the food was healthy or unhealthy. This study showed that children as young as
4-5 years of age can identify foods but they have some confusion about which
one is healthy. There was no difference between sex but there was a significant
difference between age (p<0.05). It may be useful to provide more visual
about nutrition knowledge and nutrition education in kindergartens.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Birch, L.L., Fisher, J.O. and Davison, K.K. (2003). Learning to overeat: maternal use of restrictive feeding practices promotes girls’ eating in the absence of hunger. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 78: 215–220.
- Birch, L.L., Ventura, A.K. (2009). Preventing childhood obesity: what works? International Journal of Obesity, 33, 74–81.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş.,Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Pegem Akademi, 1. Baskı, Ankara.
- Campbell, K., Andrianopoulos, N., Hesketh, K., et al. (2010) Parental use of restrictive feeding practices and child BMI z-score. A 3-year prospective cohort study. Appetite 55: 84–88 (akt. Peters, J., Parletta, N., Campbell, K., Lynch, J. (2014). Parental influences on the diets of 2- to 5-year-old children: Systematic review of qualitative research. Journal of Early Childhood Research, Vol. 12(1) 3–19,DOI: 10.1177/1476718X13492940.
- Case, A. and Paxson, C. (2010). Causes and Consequences of Early-Life Health. Demography, Volume 47–Supplement, 65–85.
- Daniels, L.A., Mallan, K.M., Battistutta, D., Nicholson, J.M., Meedeniya, J.E., Bayer, J.K. and Magarey, A. (2014). Child Eating Behavior Outcomes of an Early Feeding Intervention to Reduce Risk Indicators for Child Obesity: The NOURISH RCT. Obesity, 22, 104-111. doi:10.1002/oby.20693.
- Faith, M.S. and Kerns, J. (2004). Infant and child feeding practices and childhood overweight: the role of restriction. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 1, 164–168.
- Frankel, L.A., O’Connor, T.M., Chen, T., Nicklas, T., Power, T.G., Hughes, S.O. (2014). Parents’ perceptions of preschool children’s ability to regulate eating. Feeding style differences. Appetite 76 (2014) 166–174.
- Ho, M., Garnett, S.P., Baur, L., Burrows, T., Stewart, L., Neve, M., Collins, C. (2012). Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in child obesity: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 130: 1647–71.
- Holub, S.C. and Musher-Eizenman, D.R. (2010). Examining preschoolers’ nutrition knowledge using a meal creation and food group classification task: age and gender differences. Early Child Development and Care, Vol. 180, No. 6, July 2010, 787–798, DOI: 10.1080/03004430802396027.
- Hughes, S.O., Power, T.G., O’Connor, T.M., Fisher, J.O. and Chen, T.A. (2016). Maternal Feeding Styles and Food Parenting Practices as Predictors of Longitudinal Changes in Weight Status in Hispanic Preschoolers from Low-Income Families. Journal of Obesity, Article ID 7201082, 9 pages, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7201082.
- Kolko, R.P., Salk, R.H., Sweeny, G.M., Marcus, M.D., Levine, M.D. (2018). Mothers' loss of control over eating during pregnancy in relation to their infants' appetitive traits. Appetite, 120, 1-5, doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.007.
- Malekpour, M. (2007). Effects of Attachment on Early and Later Development. The British Journal of Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 53, Part 2, July 2007, No. 105, 81-95.
- Marty, L., Chambaron, S., Nicklaus, S., Monnery-Patris, S. (2018). Learned pleasure from eating: An opportunity to promote healthy eating in children? Appetite 120 (2018) 265-274, DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.006.
- Matusik, P., Malecka-Tendera, E. (2011). Overweight prevention strategies in preschool children. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2011; 6(S2): 2–5, DOI: 10.3109/17477166.2011.613651.
- Minossi, V. and Pellanda, L.C. (2015). The “Happy Heart” educational program for changes in health habits in children and their families: protocol for a randomized clinical trial. BMC Pediatrics, 15: 19, DOI 10.1186/s12887-015-0336-5.
- Rasmussen, M., Krølner, R., Klepp, K. I., Lytle, L., Brug, J., Bere, E., & Due, P. (2006). Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among children and adolescents. A review of the literature. Part I. Quantitative studies. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and
- Physical Activity, 3, 41, doi:10.1186/1479-5868-3-22.
- Roberts, L., Marx, J.M., Musher-Eizenman, D.R. (2018). Using food as a reward: An examination of parental reward practices. Appetite, 120 (2018), 318-326, Doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.024.
- Roth, K., Roth, C., Hegar, U. (2016). Mini Top Okulu Erken Çocukluk ve Okulöncesi Dönem Çocuklar İçin Oyunun ABC’si. Harf Yayınları.
- Sigman-Grant, M., Byington, T.A., Lindsay, A.R., Lu, M., Mobley, A.R., Fitzgerald, N., Hildebrand, D. (2014). Preschoolers Can Distinguish Between Healthy and Unhealthy Foods: The All 4 Kids Study. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Volume 46, Number 2, doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2013.09.012.
- Slaughter, V., Ting, C. (2010). Development of ideas about food and nutrition from preschool to university. Appetite, 55 (2010) 556–564, doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.09.004.
- Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması (2014). Beslenme Durumu ve Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi Sonuç Raporu, ISBN: 978-975-590-483-2, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 931, http://www.sagem.gov.tr/TBSA_Beslenme_Yayini.pdf.
- Uzşen, H. (2016). Okul Çağı Çocuklarının Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Oyunla Beslenme Eğitiminin Beslenme Alışkanlıklarına Etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Yayınlanmamış Yükseklisans Tezi, İzmir.
- Weiner, J. and Lourie, J.A. (1969). Human Biology: A Guide to Field Methods IBP Handbook. Oxford: Blackwell. WHO (2007). Global Database on Body Mass Index. (Erişim: 02.02.2018). (http://www.who.int/growthref/who2007_bmi_for_age/en/).
- Yavuz, H.M., Selçuk, B. (2018). Predictors of obesity and overweight in preschoolers: The role of parenting styles and feeding practices. Appetite, 120 (2018) 491-499, doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.10.001.
- Yörüsün, T.Ö., Koçyiğit, E., İçer, M.A., Bozkurt, O., Köksal, E. (2017). Okul Öncesi Çocukların Sağlıklı Besin ve Aktivite Seçimleri İle Vücut Ağırlığı İlişkisi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3): 19-26.
- Zarnowiecki, D., Dollman, J. and Sinn, N. (2011). A tool for assessing healthy food knowledge in 5–6-year-old Australian children. Public Health Nutrition, 14(7), 1177–1183 doi:10.1017/S1368980010003721.
- Zeinstra, G. G., Koelen, M. A., Kok, F. J., & De Graaf, C. (2007). Cognitive development and children’s perceptions of fruit and vegetables. A qualitative study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 4, 30, doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-30.
Yıl 2018,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 47 - 59, 30.12.2018
Öz
Yaşamın ilk yıllarında edinilen temel özelliklerden
olan beslenme alışkanlıkları ilerleyen yaşlarda fazla kilo ve obeziteyle
ilişkilendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı 4-5 yaşındaki çocukların besinleri
tanıma düzeyleri ile sağlıklı ve sağlıksız olarak ayırt edip edemediğini
incelemektir. Çalışmaya Muğla il merkezindeki anaokullarına devam eden 287
çocuk (kız=148, erkek=139) katılmıştır. Çocuklardan boy, kilo ölçümleri
alındıktan sonra sağlıklı beslenme kılavuzlarından oluşturulan 20 sağlıklı ve
sağlıksız besin resmi gösterilmiştir (sağlıklı: elma, süt, peynir vd.;
sağlıksız: çikolata, cips, hamburger vd.). Öncelikle gösterilen besinin ne
olduğu, sonra besinin sağlıklı mı sağlıksız mı olduğu sorulmuştur. Mevcut
bulgular 4-5 yaşındaki çocukların besinlerin ne olduğunu çoğunlukla
bildiklerini ancak besinlerin sağlıklı ya da sağlıksız olmaları konusunda
karışıklık yaşadıklarını göstermiştir. Besinleri doğru biçimde sağlıklı ya da
sağlıksız olarak sınıflama bakımından cinsiyet farkı görülmezken, yaş farkı
anlamlıdır (5 yaşındaki çocukların ortalaması 4 yaşındakilerden yüksektir)
(p<0.05). Okulöncesi kurumlarda sağlıklı besin bilgisine yönelik daha çok
görsel kullanılması ve beslenme eğitimlerinin verilmesi yararlı olabilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Birch, L.L., Fisher, J.O. and Davison, K.K. (2003). Learning to overeat: maternal use of restrictive feeding practices promotes girls’ eating in the absence of hunger. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 78: 215–220.
- Birch, L.L., Ventura, A.K. (2009). Preventing childhood obesity: what works? International Journal of Obesity, 33, 74–81.
- Büyüköztürk, Ş.,Çakmak, E.K., Akgün, Ö.E., Karadeniz, Ş., Demirel, F. (2008). Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Pegem Akademi, 1. Baskı, Ankara.
- Campbell, K., Andrianopoulos, N., Hesketh, K., et al. (2010) Parental use of restrictive feeding practices and child BMI z-score. A 3-year prospective cohort study. Appetite 55: 84–88 (akt. Peters, J., Parletta, N., Campbell, K., Lynch, J. (2014). Parental influences on the diets of 2- to 5-year-old children: Systematic review of qualitative research. Journal of Early Childhood Research, Vol. 12(1) 3–19,DOI: 10.1177/1476718X13492940.
- Case, A. and Paxson, C. (2010). Causes and Consequences of Early-Life Health. Demography, Volume 47–Supplement, 65–85.
- Daniels, L.A., Mallan, K.M., Battistutta, D., Nicholson, J.M., Meedeniya, J.E., Bayer, J.K. and Magarey, A. (2014). Child Eating Behavior Outcomes of an Early Feeding Intervention to Reduce Risk Indicators for Child Obesity: The NOURISH RCT. Obesity, 22, 104-111. doi:10.1002/oby.20693.
- Faith, M.S. and Kerns, J. (2004). Infant and child feeding practices and childhood overweight: the role of restriction. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 1, 164–168.
- Frankel, L.A., O’Connor, T.M., Chen, T., Nicklas, T., Power, T.G., Hughes, S.O. (2014). Parents’ perceptions of preschool children’s ability to regulate eating. Feeding style differences. Appetite 76 (2014) 166–174.
- Ho, M., Garnett, S.P., Baur, L., Burrows, T., Stewart, L., Neve, M., Collins, C. (2012). Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in child obesity: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 130: 1647–71.
- Holub, S.C. and Musher-Eizenman, D.R. (2010). Examining preschoolers’ nutrition knowledge using a meal creation and food group classification task: age and gender differences. Early Child Development and Care, Vol. 180, No. 6, July 2010, 787–798, DOI: 10.1080/03004430802396027.
- Hughes, S.O., Power, T.G., O’Connor, T.M., Fisher, J.O. and Chen, T.A. (2016). Maternal Feeding Styles and Food Parenting Practices as Predictors of Longitudinal Changes in Weight Status in Hispanic Preschoolers from Low-Income Families. Journal of Obesity, Article ID 7201082, 9 pages, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7201082.
- Kolko, R.P., Salk, R.H., Sweeny, G.M., Marcus, M.D., Levine, M.D. (2018). Mothers' loss of control over eating during pregnancy in relation to their infants' appetitive traits. Appetite, 120, 1-5, doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.08.007.
- Malekpour, M. (2007). Effects of Attachment on Early and Later Development. The British Journal of Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 53, Part 2, July 2007, No. 105, 81-95.
- Marty, L., Chambaron, S., Nicklaus, S., Monnery-Patris, S. (2018). Learned pleasure from eating: An opportunity to promote healthy eating in children? Appetite 120 (2018) 265-274, DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.006.
- Matusik, P., Malecka-Tendera, E. (2011). Overweight prevention strategies in preschool children. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 2011; 6(S2): 2–5, DOI: 10.3109/17477166.2011.613651.
- Minossi, V. and Pellanda, L.C. (2015). The “Happy Heart” educational program for changes in health habits in children and their families: protocol for a randomized clinical trial. BMC Pediatrics, 15: 19, DOI 10.1186/s12887-015-0336-5.
- Rasmussen, M., Krølner, R., Klepp, K. I., Lytle, L., Brug, J., Bere, E., & Due, P. (2006). Determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among children and adolescents. A review of the literature. Part I. Quantitative studies. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and
- Physical Activity, 3, 41, doi:10.1186/1479-5868-3-22.
- Roberts, L., Marx, J.M., Musher-Eizenman, D.R. (2018). Using food as a reward: An examination of parental reward practices. Appetite, 120 (2018), 318-326, Doi:10.1016/j.appet.2017.09.024.
- Roth, K., Roth, C., Hegar, U. (2016). Mini Top Okulu Erken Çocukluk ve Okulöncesi Dönem Çocuklar İçin Oyunun ABC’si. Harf Yayınları.
- Sigman-Grant, M., Byington, T.A., Lindsay, A.R., Lu, M., Mobley, A.R., Fitzgerald, N., Hildebrand, D. (2014). Preschoolers Can Distinguish Between Healthy and Unhealthy Foods: The All 4 Kids Study. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Volume 46, Number 2, doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2013.09.012.
- Slaughter, V., Ting, C. (2010). Development of ideas about food and nutrition from preschool to university. Appetite, 55 (2010) 556–564, doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.09.004.
- Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması (2014). Beslenme Durumu ve Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi Sonuç Raporu, ISBN: 978-975-590-483-2, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 931, http://www.sagem.gov.tr/TBSA_Beslenme_Yayini.pdf.
- Uzşen, H. (2016). Okul Çağı Çocuklarının Beslenme Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi ve Oyunla Beslenme Eğitiminin Beslenme Alışkanlıklarına Etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Yayınlanmamış Yükseklisans Tezi, İzmir.
- Weiner, J. and Lourie, J.A. (1969). Human Biology: A Guide to Field Methods IBP Handbook. Oxford: Blackwell. WHO (2007). Global Database on Body Mass Index. (Erişim: 02.02.2018). (http://www.who.int/growthref/who2007_bmi_for_age/en/).
- Yavuz, H.M., Selçuk, B. (2018). Predictors of obesity and overweight in preschoolers: The role of parenting styles and feeding practices. Appetite, 120 (2018) 491-499, doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.10.001.
- Yörüsün, T.Ö., Koçyiğit, E., İçer, M.A., Bozkurt, O., Köksal, E. (2017). Okul Öncesi Çocukların Sağlıklı Besin ve Aktivite Seçimleri İle Vücut Ağırlığı İlişkisi. Gazi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(3): 19-26.
- Zarnowiecki, D., Dollman, J. and Sinn, N. (2011). A tool for assessing healthy food knowledge in 5–6-year-old Australian children. Public Health Nutrition, 14(7), 1177–1183 doi:10.1017/S1368980010003721.
- Zeinstra, G. G., Koelen, M. A., Kok, F. J., & De Graaf, C. (2007). Cognitive development and children’s perceptions of fruit and vegetables. A qualitative study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 4, 30, doi:10.1186/1479-5868-4-30.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar |
| Bölüm | Eğitim Bilimleri ve Alan Eğitimi Bilimleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2018 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2018Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 |
[email protected] http://www.e-ijer.com Adres: Ege Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Bornova/İzmir