Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Relationship between Loneliness, Social Support and Readiness for Hygienic Care of the Newborn in Pregnant Women

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 59 - 65, 05.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1133951

Abstract

Objective: In the study, we aim to examine the relationship between loneliness, social support, and readiness to hygienic care for newborns in pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: The descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted on primigravida pregnant women (n=254). The data were collected by using Questionnaire Form, the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Scale for Readiness of Pregnant Women to Hygienic Care of the Newborn (SRPWHCN) were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis.
Results: Median NO2 levels for all countries decreased between 1-The mean age of the pregnant women was 25.75±4.64. A significant relationship was found between various descriptive characteristics of the pregnant women and the scales. It was determined that there was a significant negative relationship between MSPSS and some sub-dimensions and UCLA of the pregnant women (p<0.05). There was a negative relationship between the mean scores of the UCLA and SRPWHCN of the pregnant women and a positive relationship between the mean scores of the MSPSS and SRPWHCN.
Conclusions: It was observed that the risk of loneliness increased as social support decreased in pregnant women and their readiness for hygienic care of their newborns decreased as their level of loneliness increased.

Supporting Institution

YOKTUR

Project Number

YOKTUR

Thanks

The authors would like to thank all the women who participate in the study. This study was not presented anywhere.

References

  • 1. Yanguas J, Pinazo-Henandis S, Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ. The complexity of loneliness. Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 2018;89(2):302-314. doi:10.23750/abm.v89i2.7404
  • 2. Holt-Lunstad J, Birmingham W, Light K. Relationship quality and oxytocin: influence of stable and modifiable aspects of relationship. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 2015;32(4):472–490. doi:10.1177%2F0265407514536294
  • 3. Reblin M, Uchino BN. Social and emotional support and its implications for health. Curr Opin Psychiatr. 2008; 21(2):201–205. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e3282f3ad89
  • 4. Holt-Lunstad J, Smith TB, Layton J, Brayne C. Social relationships and mortality risk: a meta-analytic review (social relationships and mortality). PLoS Med. 2010; 7(7):e1000316. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316
  • 5. Cacioppo S, Grippo AJ, London S, Goossens L, Cacioppo JT. Loneliness: clinical import and interventions. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2015;10(2):238–248. doi: 10.1177/1745691615570616
  • 6. Cacioppo JT, Hughes ME, Waite LJ, Hawkley LC, Thisted RA. Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, Psychol Aging. 2006;21:140–151. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140
  • 7. Harrison V, Moore D, Lazard L. Supporting perinatal anxiety in the digital age; A qualitative exploration of stressors and support strategies. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020;20:363 (1-20). doi:10.1186/s12884-020-02990-0
  • 8. Okanlı A, Tortumluoğlu G, Kırpınar İ. Gebe kadınların ailelerinden algıladıkları sosyal destek ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2003;4(2):98-105.
  • 9. Kristensen IH, Simonsen M, Trillingsgaard T, Pontoppidan M, Kronborg H. First-time mothers’ confidence mood and stress in the first months postpartum. A cohort study. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2018;17:43-49. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2018.06.003
  • 10. Copeland DB, Harbaugh BL. “It's hard being a mama”: validation of the maternal distress concept in becoming a mother. The Journal of perinatal education. 2019; 28(1): 28-42. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.28.1.28
  • 11. Bal Z, Kantar EC, Uçar T. Lohusalarda yalnızlık hissinin sosyal destek, emzirme ve maternal bağlanma ile ilişkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi. 202;3(1):21-28.
  • 12. Akbulut Ö. Çok Değişkenli ve Farklı Ölçekli Araştırmalarda Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Tespiti. Hayvan Bilimi ve Ürünleri Dergisi, 2021;4(2):199-215.
  • 13. Çaka SY, Çınar N. Gebelerin yenidoğanın hijyenik bakımına hazır oluş ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi. 2020;13(1):10-18.
  • 14. Russell DW. UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1996;66(1):20-40. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
  • 15. Durak M, Senol-Durak E. Psychometric Qualities of the UCLA Loneliness Scale-Version 3 as Applied in Turkish Culture. Educational Gerontology. 2010;36(10-11):988-1007. doi:10.1080/03601271003756628
  • 16. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin Gözden Geçirilmiş Formunun faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2001;12(1):17-25.
  • 17. Dennis CL. The breastfeeding self‐efficacy scale: Psychometric assessment of the short form. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing. 2003;32(6):734-744. doi:10.1177/0884217503258459
  • 18. Appleton AA, Kiley K, Holdsworth EA, Schell LM. Social support during pregnancy modifies the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences and ınfant birth size. Matern Child Health J. 2019;23:408–415. doi:10.1007/s10995-018-02706-z
  • 19. Luoma I, Korhonen M, Puura K, Salmelin RK. Maternal loneliness: concurrent and longitudinal associations with depressive symptoms and child adjustment. Psychol Heal Med. 2019;24(6):667–679. doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1554251
  • 20. Kent-Marvick J, Simonsen S, Pentecost R, McFarland MM. Loneliness in pregnant and postpartum people and parents of children aged 5 years or younger: a scoping review protocol. Systematic reviews. 2020;9(1):1-5. doi:10.1186/s13643-022-02065-5
  • 21. Kapan M, Yanıkkerem E. Kırsal ve kentsel alanda yaşayan gebelerin depresyon, yalnızlık ve şiddete maruz kalma durumları. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2016;15(5):431-439. doi:10.5455/pmb.1-1456817687
  • 22. Antoniou E, Stamoulou P, Tzanoulinou MD, Orovou E. Perinatal mental health; The role and the effect of the partner: A systematic review. Healthcare. 2021;9(11):1572. doi:10.3390/healthcare9111572
  • 23. Çankaya S, Yilmaz SD. Labour worry and postpartum discomfort of primiparous mothers in Konya, Turkey. Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2020;22(1):1-19. doi:10.25159/2520-5293/4469
  • 24. Field T. Postnatal anxiety prevalence, predictors and effects on development: A narrative review. Infant Behavior and Development. 2018;51:24-32. doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2018.02.005
  • 25. Mermer G, Bilge A, Yücel U, Çeber E. Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde sosyal destek algısı düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2010;1(2):71-76.
  • 26. Kiross GT, Chojenta C, Barker D, Tiruye TY, Loxton D. The effect of maternal education on infant mortality in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one. 2019;14(7):e0220076. doi:10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0220076
  • 27. Green T, Hamilton TG. Maternal educational attainment and infant mortality in the United States. Demographic Research. 2019;41:713-752. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.25
  • 28. Chomba E, Carlo WA, Goudar SS, et al. Effects of essential newborn care training on fresh stillbirths and early neonatal deaths by maternal education. Neonatology. 2017;111(1):61-67. doi:10.1159/000447421
  • 29. Harrison V, Moulds ML, Jones K. Perceived social support and prenatal wellbeing; The mediating effects of loneliness and repetitive negative thinking on anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women Birth. 2022;35(3); 232-241. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2020.12.014

Gebelerde Yalnızlık, Sosyal Destek ve Yenidoğanın Hijyenik Bakımına Hazır Oluşluk Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 59 - 65, 05.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.1133951

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebelerde yalnızlık, sosyal destek ve yenidoğanın hijyenik bakımına hazır oluşluğu arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Tanımlayıcı, kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı desende tasarlanan çalışma, primigravida gebeler (n=254) ile yürütülmüştür. Soru Formu, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği (UCLA), Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği (ÇBASDÖ) ve Gebelerin Yenidoğanın Hijyenik Bakımına Hazır Oluş Ölçeği (YHBHÖ) kullanılarak toplanan veriler Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan annelerin yaş ortalaması 25,75±4,64 idi. Araştırmaya katılan gebelerin çeşitli tanıtıcı özellikleri ile ölçekler arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan gebelerin ÇBASDÖ ve aile, arkadaş alt boyutları ile UCLA arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Araştırmaya katılan gebelerin UCLA ile YHBHÖ puan ortalamaları arasında negatif yönde ve ÇBASDÖ ile YHBHÖ puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı derecede bir ilişki bulunmaktadır.
Sonuç: Gebelerde sosyal destek azaldıkça yalnızlık riskinin arttığı, yalnızlık düzeyleri arttıkça doğacak bebeklerinin hijyenik bakımlarına hazır oluşluklarının azaldığı söylenebilir.

Project Number

YOKTUR

References

  • 1. Yanguas J, Pinazo-Henandis S, Tarazona-Santabalbina FJ. The complexity of loneliness. Acta Bio Medica: Atenei Parmensis. 2018;89(2):302-314. doi:10.23750/abm.v89i2.7404
  • 2. Holt-Lunstad J, Birmingham W, Light K. Relationship quality and oxytocin: influence of stable and modifiable aspects of relationship. J Soc Pers Relatsh. 2015;32(4):472–490. doi:10.1177%2F0265407514536294
  • 3. Reblin M, Uchino BN. Social and emotional support and its implications for health. Curr Opin Psychiatr. 2008; 21(2):201–205. doi:10.1097/YCO.0b013e3282f3ad89
  • 4. Holt-Lunstad J, Smith TB, Layton J, Brayne C. Social relationships and mortality risk: a meta-analytic review (social relationships and mortality). PLoS Med. 2010; 7(7):e1000316. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000316
  • 5. Cacioppo S, Grippo AJ, London S, Goossens L, Cacioppo JT. Loneliness: clinical import and interventions. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2015;10(2):238–248. doi: 10.1177/1745691615570616
  • 6. Cacioppo JT, Hughes ME, Waite LJ, Hawkley LC, Thisted RA. Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, Psychol Aging. 2006;21:140–151. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140
  • 7. Harrison V, Moore D, Lazard L. Supporting perinatal anxiety in the digital age; A qualitative exploration of stressors and support strategies. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2020;20:363 (1-20). doi:10.1186/s12884-020-02990-0
  • 8. Okanlı A, Tortumluoğlu G, Kırpınar İ. Gebe kadınların ailelerinden algıladıkları sosyal destek ile problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişki. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2003;4(2):98-105.
  • 9. Kristensen IH, Simonsen M, Trillingsgaard T, Pontoppidan M, Kronborg H. First-time mothers’ confidence mood and stress in the first months postpartum. A cohort study. Sex Reprod Healthc. 2018;17:43-49. doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2018.06.003
  • 10. Copeland DB, Harbaugh BL. “It's hard being a mama”: validation of the maternal distress concept in becoming a mother. The Journal of perinatal education. 2019; 28(1): 28-42. doi: 10.1891/1058-1243.28.1.28
  • 11. Bal Z, Kantar EC, Uçar T. Lohusalarda yalnızlık hissinin sosyal destek, emzirme ve maternal bağlanma ile ilişkisi. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi. 202;3(1):21-28.
  • 12. Akbulut Ö. Çok Değişkenli ve Farklı Ölçekli Araştırmalarda Örneklem Büyüklüğünün Tespiti. Hayvan Bilimi ve Ürünleri Dergisi, 2021;4(2):199-215.
  • 13. Çaka SY, Çınar N. Gebelerin yenidoğanın hijyenik bakımına hazır oluş ölçeği’nin geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi. 2020;13(1):10-18.
  • 14. Russell DW. UCLA Loneliness Scale (version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1996;66(1):20-40. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
  • 15. Durak M, Senol-Durak E. Psychometric Qualities of the UCLA Loneliness Scale-Version 3 as Applied in Turkish Culture. Educational Gerontology. 2010;36(10-11):988-1007. doi:10.1080/03601271003756628
  • 16. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeği’nin Gözden Geçirilmiş Formunun faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi. 2001;12(1):17-25.
  • 17. Dennis CL. The breastfeeding self‐efficacy scale: Psychometric assessment of the short form. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing. 2003;32(6):734-744. doi:10.1177/0884217503258459
  • 18. Appleton AA, Kiley K, Holdsworth EA, Schell LM. Social support during pregnancy modifies the association between maternal adverse childhood experiences and ınfant birth size. Matern Child Health J. 2019;23:408–415. doi:10.1007/s10995-018-02706-z
  • 19. Luoma I, Korhonen M, Puura K, Salmelin RK. Maternal loneliness: concurrent and longitudinal associations with depressive symptoms and child adjustment. Psychol Heal Med. 2019;24(6):667–679. doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1554251
  • 20. Kent-Marvick J, Simonsen S, Pentecost R, McFarland MM. Loneliness in pregnant and postpartum people and parents of children aged 5 years or younger: a scoping review protocol. Systematic reviews. 2020;9(1):1-5. doi:10.1186/s13643-022-02065-5
  • 21. Kapan M, Yanıkkerem E. Kırsal ve kentsel alanda yaşayan gebelerin depresyon, yalnızlık ve şiddete maruz kalma durumları. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin. 2016;15(5):431-439. doi:10.5455/pmb.1-1456817687
  • 22. Antoniou E, Stamoulou P, Tzanoulinou MD, Orovou E. Perinatal mental health; The role and the effect of the partner: A systematic review. Healthcare. 2021;9(11):1572. doi:10.3390/healthcare9111572
  • 23. Çankaya S, Yilmaz SD. Labour worry and postpartum discomfort of primiparous mothers in Konya, Turkey. Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2020;22(1):1-19. doi:10.25159/2520-5293/4469
  • 24. Field T. Postnatal anxiety prevalence, predictors and effects on development: A narrative review. Infant Behavior and Development. 2018;51:24-32. doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2018.02.005
  • 25. Mermer G, Bilge A, Yücel U, Çeber E. Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde sosyal destek algısı düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi. 2010;1(2):71-76.
  • 26. Kiross GT, Chojenta C, Barker D, Tiruye TY, Loxton D. The effect of maternal education on infant mortality in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one. 2019;14(7):e0220076. doi:10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0220076
  • 27. Green T, Hamilton TG. Maternal educational attainment and infant mortality in the United States. Demographic Research. 2019;41:713-752. doi:10.4054/DemRes.2019.41.25
  • 28. Chomba E, Carlo WA, Goudar SS, et al. Effects of essential newborn care training on fresh stillbirths and early neonatal deaths by maternal education. Neonatology. 2017;111(1):61-67. doi:10.1159/000447421
  • 29. Harrison V, Moulds ML, Jones K. Perceived social support and prenatal wellbeing; The mediating effects of loneliness and repetitive negative thinking on anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women Birth. 2022;35(3); 232-241. doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2020.12.014
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research article
Authors

Sinem Yalnızoğlu Çaka 0000-0002-1572-7013

Hilal Uslu Yuvacı 0000-0001-8067-3165

Sultan Pekşen 0000-0001-7089-6648

Nursan Çınar 0000-0003-3151-9975

Project Number YOKTUR
Early Pub Date March 2, 2023
Publication Date March 5, 2023
Submission Date June 21, 2022
Acceptance Date January 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Yalnızoğlu Çaka S, Uslu Yuvacı H, Pekşen S, Çınar N. Relationship between Loneliness, Social Support and Readiness for Hygienic Care of the Newborn in Pregnant Women. OTJHS. March 2023;8(1):59-65. doi:10.26453/otjhs.1133951

Creative Commons License

Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi [Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS)] is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Click here to get help about article submission processes and "Copyright Transfer Form".