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Cyberbullying motivations and moral disengagement among adolescent Cyberbullies: Exploring the mediating roles

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 28.03.2024

Ahmed Abdelaliem

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.24.1.01

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the factors and motivations that lead cyberbullied adolescents to engage in cyberbullying and to develop a model illustrating the interrelationships between cyberbullying, moral disengagement, and bullying motivations. The primary research sample consisted of 804 adolescents in secondary schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 302 adolescents were identified as cyberbullies, ranging in age from 16.6 to 19.5 years (M= 18.9, S.D= 1.6). This sample was obtained by distributing an electronic link via e-mail and various social media platforms. The tools of study are Cyberbullying Questionnaire (CBQ- bully) (Calvete et al., 2010), Cyberbullying Moral Disengagement Scale (Bussey & Fitzpatrick, 2014) and Cyberbullying Motivations Scale (Megawer & Rabi', In press). The findings of the study indicate that power and ideology are the most significant causes of cyberbullying behavior and the most significant from the perspective of cyberbullies, followed by instrumental, amusement, sadism, external factors, revenge, and finally moral disengagement. There are differences between males and females in certain cyberbullying factors that favor males. In addition, the findings revealed that cyberbullying motivations and moral disengagement positively predict cyberbullying behavior, and through the use of constructive modeling, the mediating role of some variables (Power and moral disengagement) was confirmed in the impact of other variables (Instrumental, ideology, revenge, amusement, and sadism) on cyberbullying behavior.

Keywords

Cyberbullying Cyberbullying motivations Moral Disengagement Cyberbullies

References

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  • Al-Enezi, A. (2021). Cyberbullying via the internet and social networking sites: A study on a sample of High school students in Tabuk governorate, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Faculty of Education, Sohag University, 85, 395-440. http://doi.10.21608/EDUSOHAG.2021.159469
  • Al-Rifai, T. (2018). The degree of practice and exposure of students of the basic stage in the Kuwait schools of electronic bullying and the impact of gender variable. Journal of Educational Sciences, Cairo University, 26 (4), 111-145.
  • Alwan, I. (2016). Types of bullying in light of some demographic variables among adolescent students in Abha city. Journal of Education, Al-Azhar University, 168(1), 439-473. http://doi.10.21608/JSREP.2016.31443
  • Al-Zahrani, A. (2015). Cyberbullying among Saudi's higher-education students: Implications for educators and policymakers. World Journal of Education, 5(3), 15-26. http://doi.10.5430/wje.v5n3p15
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  • Falla, D., Romera, E., & Ortega-Ruiz, R. (2021) Aggression, moral disengagement and empathy: A longitudinal study within the interpersonal dynamics of bullying. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 403-468. http://doi.10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703468
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Siber Zorbalık Motivasyonları ve Ergenler Arasında Ahlaki Ayrılma Siber Zorbalar: Aracılık Rollerini Keşfetmek

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 1 - 13, 28.03.2024

Ahmed Abdelaliem

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.24.1.01

Abstract

Çalışma, siber zorbalığa maruz kalmış ergenleri siber zorbalık yapmaya iten faktörleri ve motivasyonları belirlemeyi ve siber zorbalık, ahlaki uzaklaşma ve zorbalık motivasyonları arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkileri gösteren bir model geliştirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Birincil araştırma örneklemi, Suudi Arabistan Krallığı'ndaki orta okullardaki 804 ergenden oluşuyordu; Yaşları 16,6 ile 19,5 arasında değişen 302 ergen siber zorba olarak tanımlandı (Ort= 18,9, S.D= 1,6). Bu örnek, e-posta ve çeşitli sosyal medya platformları aracılığıyla elektronik bir bağlantı dağıtılarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışma araçları Siber Zorbalık Anketi (CBQ-bully) (Calvete ve diğerleri, 2010), Siber Zorbalık Ahlaki Ayrılma Ölçeği (Bussey & Fitzpatrick, 2014) ve Siber Zorbalık Motivasyonları Ölçeğidir (Megawer & Rabi', Baskıda). Çalışmanın bulguları, güç ve ideolojinin siber zorbalık davranışının en önemli nedenleri olduğunu ve siber zorbalar açısından en önemli nedenler olduğunu, bunu araçsal, eğlence, sadizm, dış etkenler, intikam ve son olarak da ahlaki çözülmenin izlediğini göstermektedir. Erkeklerin lehine olan belirli siber zorbalık faktörlerinde erkekler ve kadınlar arasında farklılıklar vardır. Ek olarak, bulgular siber zorbalık motivasyonlarının ve ahlaki uzaklaşmanın siber zorbalık davranışını olumlu bir şekilde yordadığını ve yapıcı modellemenin kullanılması yoluyla, bazı değişkenlerin (Güç ve ahlaki uzaklaşma) diğer değişkenlerin (Araçsal, ideoloji, intikam, eğlence ve sadizm) siber zorbalık davranışı üzerine.

Keywords

Siber zorbalık Siber zorbalık motivasyonları Ahlaki kopukluk Siber zorbalar.

References

  • Abu Al-Diyar, Al. (2021). Empathy, Self-Esteem, and their relation with cyberbullying in a sample of adolescents. Egyptian Journal of Psychological Studies, 31 (110), 1-32. http://doi.10.21608/ejcj.2021.145353
  • Abu Ela, H. (2017). The effectiveness of selective counseling in reducing the level of cyberbullying in a sample of adolescents: Descriptive - counseling study. Journal of Faculty of Education, Assiut University, 33 (6), 527-563. http://doi.10.21608/mfes.2017.106255
  • Adair, A. (2018). Electronic bullying in early adolescence in Belgian schools: An analytical study on social networking users. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(41), 376-385.
  • Adam, A. (2021). Cyberbullying and Its Psychological and Social Impacts. A study field on a sample of female university students in Khartoum. Journal of Media Studies, Democratic Arabic Center, Berlin, Germany, 14, 60-81.
  • Ahmed, N., & Ahmed, Sayed, D. (2020). The relative contribution of emotion regulation and habits of mind in predicting of cyberbullying among university students. Journal of Faculty of Education, Beni-Sueif University, 17 (95), 168-233. http://doi.10.21608/jfe.2020.124832
  • Al-Enezi, A. (2021). Cyberbullying via the internet and social networking sites: A study on a sample of High school students in Tabuk governorate, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Faculty of Education, Sohag University, 85, 395-440. http://doi.10.21608/EDUSOHAG.2021.159469
  • Al-Rifai, T. (2018). The degree of practice and exposure of students of the basic stage in the Kuwait schools of electronic bullying and the impact of gender variable. Journal of Educational Sciences, Cairo University, 26 (4), 111-145.
  • Alwan, I. (2016). Types of bullying in light of some demographic variables among adolescent students in Abha city. Journal of Education, Al-Azhar University, 168(1), 439-473. http://doi.10.21608/JSREP.2016.31443
  • Al-Zahrani, A. (2015). Cyberbullying among Saudi's higher-education students: Implications for educators and policymakers. World Journal of Education, 5(3), 15-26. http://doi.10.5430/wje.v5n3p15
  • Bandura A., Caprara, G., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., & Regalia, C. (2001). Socio-cognitive self-regulatory mechanisms governing transgressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 125–135. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.80.1.125
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  • Baumeister, R. F. (2001). Evil: Inside human violence and cruelty. Holt Paperbacks.
  • Bussey, K., & Fitzpatrick, S. (2014). Moral disengagement and cyber bullying associated with cyber witnesses and victims. In K. Bussey (Ed.), Moral disengagement and bystander behavior: The role of moral cognition in student responses to school bullying (p.66). Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Society for Research on Adolescence (20-22 Mar. 2014), Austin, Texas.
  • Bussey, K., Fitzpatrick, S., & Raman, A. (2015). The role of moral disengagement and self-efficacy in cyberbullying. Journal of School Violence, 14(1), 30-46. http://doi.10.1080/15388220.2014.954045
  • Calvete, E., Orue, I., Estévez, A., Villardón, L., & Padilla, P. (2010). Cyberbullying in adolescents: Modalities and aggressors’ profile. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1128–1135. http://doi.10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.017
  • Chen, L., Ho, S., & Lwin, M. (2017). A meta-analysis of factors predicting cyberbullying perpetration and victimization: From the social cognitive and media, effects approach. New Media & Society, 19(8), 1194-1213. http://doi.10.1177/1461444816634037
  • Cook, C., Williams, K., Guerra, N., & Kim, T. (2010). Variability in the prevalence of bullying and victimization: A cross-national and methodological analysis. In S.R. Jimerson, S.M. Swearer, & D. L. Espelage (Eds.), Handbook of bullying in schools: An international perspective (pp. 347-362). Rout ledge.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Upper Saddle River, Merrill.
  • Creswell, J. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications, Inc.
  • Cuadrado-Gordillo, I., & Fernández-Antelo, I. (2019). Analysis of moral disengagement as a modulating factor in adolescents' perception of cyberbullying. Frontiers in psychology, 10(1222), 1-12. http://doi.10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01222
  • Daoud, J. (2017). Multicollinearity and regression analysis. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 949, 1-6. http://doi.10.1088/1742-6596/949/1/012009
  • Detert, J., Trevino, L., & Sweitzer, V. (2008). Moral disengagement in ethical decision-making: A study of antecedents and outcomes. Journal of applied psychology, 93(2), 374-391. http://doi.10.1037/0021-9010.93.2.374
  • Esposito, C., Spadari, E. M., Caravita, S. C., & Bacchini, D. (2022). Profiles of community violence exposure, moral disengagement, and bullying perpetration: Evidence from a sample of Italian adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(9–10), 5887–5913. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211067021
  • Fahmy, B. (2021). Cyberbullying among adolescents on social media networks. Egyptian Journal of Public Opinion Research, 20 (3), 289- 335. http://doi.10.21608/JOA.2021.198148
  • Falla, D., Romera, E., & Ortega-Ruiz, R. (2021) Aggression, moral disengagement and empathy: A longitudinal study within the interpersonal dynamics of bullying. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 403-468. http://doi.10.3389/fpsyg.2021.703468
  • Fanti, K., & Henrich, C. (2015). Effects of self-esteem and narcissism on bullying and victimization during early adolescence. Journal of Early Adolescence, 35, 5-29. http://doi.10.1177/0272431613519498
  • Fluck, J. (2017). Why do students bully? An analysis of motives behind violence in schools. Youth & Society, 49(5), 567-587. http://doi.10.1177/0044118X145478776
  • Foster, I., Wyman, J., & Talwar, V. (2020). Moral disengagement: A new lens with which to examine children’s justifications for lying. Journal of Moral Education, 49(2), 209-225. http://doi.10.1080/03057240.2019.1656057
  • Fricker, R. D. (2016). Sampling methods for online surveys, In Nigel G. Fielding, Raymond M. Lee & Grant Blank (Eds), The SAGE handbook of online research methods (pp. 162-183). ‏ SAGE Publications Ltd.
  • Garbharran, A. (2013). Structural implications of the activation of moral disengagement in social cognitive theory. (PhD Thesis). University of the Witwatersrand, UK. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/39671685.pdf
  • George, J. (2014). Moral Disengagement: An Exploratory Study of Predictive Factors for Digital Aggression and Cyberbullying. (PhD Thesis). University of North Texas, USA. https://www.proquest.com/docview/1671718206?pq-origsite=gscholar&fromopenview=true
  • Georgiou, N., Charalampous, K., & Stavrinides, P. (2022). Moral disengagement and bullying at school: Are there a gender issue? International Journal of School & Educational Psychology, 10(3), 395-407. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683603.2020.1859421
  • Hamuddin, B., Syahdan, S., Rahman, F., Rianita, D., & Derin, T. (2019). Do they truly intend to harm their friends? The motives beyond cyberbullying among university students. International Journal of Cyber-Behavior, Psychology and Learning, 9(4), 32-44. http://doi.10.4018/IJCBPL.2019100103
  • Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. (2006). Cyberbullying: an exploratory analysis of factors related to offending and victimization. Deviant Behavior, 29, 129-156. http://doi.10.1080/01639620701457816
  • Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. (2010). Bullying, cyberbullying, and suicide. Archives of suicide research, 14(3), 206-221. http://doi.10.1080/13811118.2010.494133
  • Hymel, S., Rocke-Henderson, N., & Bonanno, R. (2005). Moral disengagement: A framework for understanding bullying among adolescents. Journal of Social Sciences, 8(1), 1–11.
  • ICDL Arabia (2015). Cyber safety reports 2015: Research into the online behavior of Arab youth and the risks they face. ICDL Arabia, United Arab Emirates.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Counselling Psychology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ahmed Abdelaliem 0000-0002-4561-3391

Publication Date March 28, 2024
Acceptance Date February 27, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Abdelaliem, A. (2024). Cyberbullying motivations and moral disengagement among adolescent Cyberbullies: Exploring the mediating roles. Kıbrıs Türk Psikiyatri Ve Psikoloji Dergisi, 6(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.24.1.01
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