Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

EXAMINING THE EFFECT OF GENERATOR LOAD SHARING PRACTICES ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOR A SHIP

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 301 - 311, 01.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1056500

Abstract

In this paper, the issue of efficient operation of generators, which is one of the energy efficiency parameters in ship electricity systems, is discussed in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. In order to meet the same power needs on a bulk carrier ship, three different load sharing situations are assessed in which the other generator is run synchronously when the active generators reach 40%, 60%, and 80% load ratios. Thus, CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions from generators for each practice are analyzed depending on fuel consumption. The results show that emissions vary for certain power needs in each situation. Also, there was no change in emissions for some power needs in three situations. In addition, it was estimated that up to 22% emission reductions could be achieved, depending on the power needs of the ship, if the generators were run at an 80% load ratio instead of 40%.

References

  • Başhan, V., Demirel, H., 2018, “Evaluation of critical operational faults of marine diesel generator engines by using DEMATEL method”, Journal of ETA Maritime Science, 6(2), 119-128.
  • Başhan, V., Çakır, M., Sönmez, H.İ., 2018, “Bir dökme yük gemisi kreyn operasyonunun maliyet etkinliği ve emisyon analizi”, Journal of Eta Maritime Science, 6(1), 27-36.
  • Başhan, V., Kökkülünk, G., 2020, “Exergoeconomic and air emission analyses for marine refrigeration with waste heat recovery system: a case study”, Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 19(3), 147-160.
  • Cuculić, A., Ćelić, J., Prenc, R., 2016, “Marine diesel-generator model for voltage and frequency variation analysis during fault scenarios”, Pomorski zbornik, 51(1), 11-24.
  • EEA, 2019, European Environment Agency, EMEP/EEA Air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019 (access date: 12 November 2021).
  • Ekmekçioğlu, A., 2019, “Ship emission estimation for Izmir and Mersin international ports–Turkey”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 5(6), 184-195.
  • Fan, A., Yan, X., Bucknall, R., Yin, Q., Ji, S., Liu, Y., ... Chen, X., 2020, “A novel ship energy efficiency model considering random environmental parameters”, Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 19(4), 215-228.
  • Gan, L.K., Shek, J.K., Mueller, M.A., 2015, “Hybrid wind–photovoltaic–diesel–battery system sizing tool development using empirical approach, life-cycle cost and performance analysis: A case study in Scotland”, Energy Conversion and Management, 106, 479-494.
  • Greenvoyage, 2021, Energy efficiency technologies information portal, https://greenvoyage2050.imo.org/energy-efficiency-technologies-information-portal/ (access date: 15 November 2021).
  • IMO, 2021, International Maritime Organization, Initial IMO GHG strategy, https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Reducing-greenhouse-gas-emissions-from-ships.aspx (access date: 15 November 2021).
  • Kökkülünk, G., 2019, “Energy and exergy analyses of a bulk carrier diesel generator for different loads”, Journal of ETA Maritime Science, 7(1), 43-50.
  • Kramel, D., Muri, H., Kim, Y., Lonka, R., Nielsen, J.B., Ringvold, A.L., ... Strømman, A.H., 2021, “Global shipping emissions from a well-to-wake perspective: the MariTEAM model”, Environmental science & technology, 55(22), 15040-15050.
  • Kuzu, S.L., Bilgili, L., Kiliç, A., 2021, “Estimation and dispersion analysis of shipping emissions in Bandirma Port, Turkey”, Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(7), 10288-10308.
  • Lu, Y., 2019, Optimal scheduling and loadsharing of a hybrid power plant with gensets and battery banks, Master's thesis, NTNU.
  • MEPC 75/7/15, 2020, Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships, Fourth IMO GHG Study 2020 – Final report.
  • Nasrudin, I., Syafiqiuddin, C.S.M., 2016, “Design study of power management system for parallel operation of generator set of a ship's diesel electric power plant”, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 20(1), 1-11.
  • Perabo, F., Zadeh, M.K., 2020, “Modelling of a shipboard electric power system for hardware-in-the-loop testing”, IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo, 69-74.
  • Rith, M., Biona, J.B.M., Gitano-Briggs, H.W., Sok, P., Gonzaga, J., Arbon, N., Maglaya, A.B., 2016, “Performance and emission characteristics of the genset fuelled with dual producer gas–diesel”, DLSU Research Congress, 7-9.
  • Tarnapowicz, D., Matuszak, Z., 2017, “Impact of the ship generating sets’power factor on the determination of the load factor in auxiliary engine”, 58th International Conference of Machine Design Departments, 6 - 8 September, Prague, Czech Republic.
  • UNFCCC, 2021, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Glossary of climate change acronyms and terms, https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-convention/glossary-of-climate-change-acronyms-and-terms (access date: 15 December 2021).
  • Wpowerproducts, 2021, Diesel fuel consumption chart, https://www.wpowerproducts.com/power-generation-resources/diesel-fuel-consumption-chart/ (access date: 10 November 2021).
  • Yiğit, K., 2021a, “A study for the improvement of operating capacity in marine generators”, 5th International Conference on Engineering Technologies (ICENTE 21), 18-21 November, Konya, Turkey, 192-194.
  • Yiğit, K., 2021b, “An examination of optimal operating schedule of ship generators”, 2nd International Congress on Ship and Marine Technology (GMO-SHIPMAR 2021), 16-18 September, Istanbul, Turkey, 581-585.
  • Yücel, A., Arpaci, A., Akpolat, E., Merve, E., Özdemir, U., 2020, “Boru profilli gemi jeneratör kaidelerinin titreşim açısından analitik ve sayısal analizi”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(2), 600-616.
  • Yücel, A., 2021, “Bir dizel gemi jeneratörünün operasyonel modal analizi”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(1), 224-233.

Bir Gemi İçin Jeneratör Yük Paylaşımı Uygulamalarının Sera Gazı Emisyonları Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 10 Issue: 2, 301 - 311, 01.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.36306/konjes.1056500

Abstract

Bu makalede, gemi elektrik sistemlerinde enerji verimliliği parametrelerinden biri olan jeneratörlerin verimli çalıştırılması konusu sera gazı emisyonları açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Bir dökme yük gemisinde aynı güç ihtiyacını karşılamak için devredeki jeneratörün %40, %60 ve %80 yüklenme oranlarına ulaştığında diğer jeneratörün senkron olarak devreye alındığı üç farklı yük paylaşımı durumu ele alınmıştır. Böylece her bir durum için jeneratörlerden kaynaklanan CO2, CH4 ve N2O emisyonları yakıt tüketimine bağlı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, emisyonların her durum için belirli bir güç ihtiyacında değiştiğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, her üç durumda da bazı güç ihtiyaçları için emisyonlarda herhangi bir değişim olmamıştır. Ek olarak, jeneratörlerin %40 yerine %80 yük oranında çalıştırılması durumunda gemideki güç ihtiyacına bağlı olarak %22’ye kadar emisyon azaltımı sağlanabileceği tahmin edilmiştir.

References

  • Başhan, V., Demirel, H., 2018, “Evaluation of critical operational faults of marine diesel generator engines by using DEMATEL method”, Journal of ETA Maritime Science, 6(2), 119-128.
  • Başhan, V., Çakır, M., Sönmez, H.İ., 2018, “Bir dökme yük gemisi kreyn operasyonunun maliyet etkinliği ve emisyon analizi”, Journal of Eta Maritime Science, 6(1), 27-36.
  • Başhan, V., Kökkülünk, G., 2020, “Exergoeconomic and air emission analyses for marine refrigeration with waste heat recovery system: a case study”, Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 19(3), 147-160.
  • Cuculić, A., Ćelić, J., Prenc, R., 2016, “Marine diesel-generator model for voltage and frequency variation analysis during fault scenarios”, Pomorski zbornik, 51(1), 11-24.
  • EEA, 2019, European Environment Agency, EMEP/EEA Air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019 (access date: 12 November 2021).
  • Ekmekçioğlu, A., 2019, “Ship emission estimation for Izmir and Mersin international ports–Turkey”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, 5(6), 184-195.
  • Fan, A., Yan, X., Bucknall, R., Yin, Q., Ji, S., Liu, Y., ... Chen, X., 2020, “A novel ship energy efficiency model considering random environmental parameters”, Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, 19(4), 215-228.
  • Gan, L.K., Shek, J.K., Mueller, M.A., 2015, “Hybrid wind–photovoltaic–diesel–battery system sizing tool development using empirical approach, life-cycle cost and performance analysis: A case study in Scotland”, Energy Conversion and Management, 106, 479-494.
  • Greenvoyage, 2021, Energy efficiency technologies information portal, https://greenvoyage2050.imo.org/energy-efficiency-technologies-information-portal/ (access date: 15 November 2021).
  • IMO, 2021, International Maritime Organization, Initial IMO GHG strategy, https://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/HotTopics/Pages/Reducing-greenhouse-gas-emissions-from-ships.aspx (access date: 15 November 2021).
  • Kökkülünk, G., 2019, “Energy and exergy analyses of a bulk carrier diesel generator for different loads”, Journal of ETA Maritime Science, 7(1), 43-50.
  • Kramel, D., Muri, H., Kim, Y., Lonka, R., Nielsen, J.B., Ringvold, A.L., ... Strømman, A.H., 2021, “Global shipping emissions from a well-to-wake perspective: the MariTEAM model”, Environmental science & technology, 55(22), 15040-15050.
  • Kuzu, S.L., Bilgili, L., Kiliç, A., 2021, “Estimation and dispersion analysis of shipping emissions in Bandirma Port, Turkey”, Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(7), 10288-10308.
  • Lu, Y., 2019, Optimal scheduling and loadsharing of a hybrid power plant with gensets and battery banks, Master's thesis, NTNU.
  • MEPC 75/7/15, 2020, Reduction of GHG Emissions from Ships, Fourth IMO GHG Study 2020 – Final report.
  • Nasrudin, I., Syafiqiuddin, C.S.M., 2016, “Design study of power management system for parallel operation of generator set of a ship's diesel electric power plant”, Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 20(1), 1-11.
  • Perabo, F., Zadeh, M.K., 2020, “Modelling of a shipboard electric power system for hardware-in-the-loop testing”, IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo, 69-74.
  • Rith, M., Biona, J.B.M., Gitano-Briggs, H.W., Sok, P., Gonzaga, J., Arbon, N., Maglaya, A.B., 2016, “Performance and emission characteristics of the genset fuelled with dual producer gas–diesel”, DLSU Research Congress, 7-9.
  • Tarnapowicz, D., Matuszak, Z., 2017, “Impact of the ship generating sets’power factor on the determination of the load factor in auxiliary engine”, 58th International Conference of Machine Design Departments, 6 - 8 September, Prague, Czech Republic.
  • UNFCCC, 2021, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Glossary of climate change acronyms and terms, https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-convention/glossary-of-climate-change-acronyms-and-terms (access date: 15 December 2021).
  • Wpowerproducts, 2021, Diesel fuel consumption chart, https://www.wpowerproducts.com/power-generation-resources/diesel-fuel-consumption-chart/ (access date: 10 November 2021).
  • Yiğit, K., 2021a, “A study for the improvement of operating capacity in marine generators”, 5th International Conference on Engineering Technologies (ICENTE 21), 18-21 November, Konya, Turkey, 192-194.
  • Yiğit, K., 2021b, “An examination of optimal operating schedule of ship generators”, 2nd International Congress on Ship and Marine Technology (GMO-SHIPMAR 2021), 16-18 September, Istanbul, Turkey, 581-585.
  • Yücel, A., Arpaci, A., Akpolat, E., Merve, E., Özdemir, U., 2020, “Boru profilli gemi jeneratör kaidelerinin titreşim açısından analitik ve sayısal analizi”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 22(2), 600-616.
  • Yücel, A., 2021, “Bir dizel gemi jeneratörünün operasyonel modal analizi”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 23(1), 224-233.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kenan Yiğit 0000-0002-4165-4081

Publication Date June 1, 2022
Submission Date January 11, 2022
Acceptance Date March 4, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 10 Issue: 2

Cite

IEEE K. Yiğit, “EXAMINING THE EFFECT OF GENERATOR LOAD SHARING PRACTICES ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOR A SHIP”, KONJES, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 301–311, 2022, doi: 10.36306/konjes.1056500.