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Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 164 - 180, 30.12.2023

Mehmet Serdar Günen Ömer Faruk Vural

Abstract

References

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  • Aksoy, M. (2008). Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Ve Kariyer Rehberliği İlkelerinin İstihdam Edilebilirliğe Etkileri: Otel İşletmeleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Doktora tezi: Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü: Ankara.
  • Archibald, J. & Urion, C. (1995). Ourselves, our knowledge. Establishing pathways to excellence in Indian education implementation: Challenges and solutions. Canadian Journal of Native Education, 21 (1).
  • Boeren, E. (2011). Gender differences in formal, non-formal and informal adult learning. Studies in Continuing Education, 33, 333-346.
  • Boeren, E., Nicaise, I., & Baert, H. (2010). Theoretical models of participation in adult education: The need for an integrated model. International journal of lifelong education, 29(1), 45-61.
  • Bohle, D. and Greskovits, B. (2007a) The state, internationalization, and capitalist diversity in Eastern Europe. Competition & Change, 11, 90-115.
  • Boudioni, M., McLaren, S., Woods, L., & Lemma, F. (2007). Lifelong learning, its facilitators and barriers in primary care settings: A qualitative study. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 8(2), 157-169. doi:10.1017/S1463423607000187
  • Brookfield, S. (1986). Understanding and facilitating adult learning: A comprehensive analysis of principles and effective practices. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
  • Bryce, J. (2004). Different ways that secondary schools orient to lifelong learning. Educational Studies,30(1). Bull, C., Byrnes, J., Hettiarachchi Bull, R., & Downes, M. (2019). A systematic review of the validity and reliability of patient‐reported experience measures. Health services research, 54(5), 1023-1035.
  • Carlén, M. (1999). Kunskapslyft eller avbytarbänk? Möten med industriarbetare om utbildning för arbetet [A knowledge jump or a substitute back up plan? Meeting with industry workers about work training.] Dissertation, Acta universitatis Gothoburgensis, Göteborg
  • Chisolm, L., Larson, A., & Mossoux, A. F. (2004). Lifelong learning: Citizens' views in close-up. Thessaloniki: European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training.
  • Chuang, S.-F. (2015). Deterrents to Women's Participation in Continuing Professional Development. New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development, 27(2), 28–37. doi:10.1002/nha3.20104
  • Cihangir Tetik, D. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde teorik makale yazımı ve uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinindeki yansımaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (42), 31-48.
  • Courtenay, B. C., Suhart, M. P., McConatha, D. Ve Stevenson, R. T. (1983). Assessing the educational needs of undereducated older adults: A case for the service provider. Educational Gerontology: An International Quarterly, 9(2-3), 205-216.
  • Cross, K. P. (1981). Adults as Learners: Increasing Participation and Facilitating Learning (1st Ed). San Francisco, USA, Jossey-Bass publishing.
  • Cumming, A. (1992). Access to literacy for language minority adults. ERIC Digest. ERIC Document ED 350 886
  • Demirel, M. (2009). Lifelong learning and schools in the twenty-first century. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 1709-1716.
  • Demirel, O. (Ed.) (2005). Egitimde yeni yonelimler (New trends in education). Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Dench, S. & Regan, J. (2000) Learning in later life: Motivation and impact. DfEE Resesarch Brief No. 183. Nottingham, UK: Department for Education and Employment Publications. Accessed November21,2005,fromhttp://www.employmentstudies.co.uk/summary/summary.php?id=rr183 Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Egglestone, C., Stevens, C., Jones, E., & Aldridge, F. (2018). Adult participation in learning survey 2017. Learningandwork. org.
  • Eldred, J., James, K., & Mansour, J. (2017). Healthy, wealthy and wise: the impact of adult learning across the UK. Erişim linki: https://www.learningandwork.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/LW-EU-Report-Nov-2017-V8-1.pdf
  • Ersoy, A. (2009). Lifelong learning and Public libraries in Turkey. Master's thesis, Hacettepe University, the Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara.
  • Erwin, T. D., & Kelly, K. (1985). Changes in students' self-confidence in college. Journal of College Student Personnel.
  • Eurostat (2022). Adult learning statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Adult_learning_statistics
  • Falasca, M. (2011). Barriers to adult learning: Bridging the gap. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 51(3), 583-590.
  • Fleming, T. (2021). Models of Lifelong Learning 3. The Oxford Handbook of Lifelong Learning, 2, 35.
  • Gaikezheyongai, S. (2000) Aboriginal-enhanced access to Native learning: A literacy project of the Native Women's Resource Centre. Toronto: Native Women's Resource Centre. Access November 15, 2005, from http://www.nald.ca/fulltext/natlearn/
  • Gorard, S. & Selwyn, N. (2005) What makes a lifelong learner? Teachers College Record, 107 (6) 1193-1216.
  • Gorard, S., & Smith, E. (2007). Do barriers get in the way? A review of the determinants of post‐16 participation. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 12(2), 141–158. doi:10.1080/13596740701387437
  • Hall, Jones, & Evans. (2021, November). Adult Participation in Learning Survey 2021. National Learning and Work Institute. Retrieved November 17, 2023, from https://learningandwork.org.uk/
  • Hand, A., Gambles, J. & Cooper, E. (1994) Individual commitment to learning: individuals' decisionmaking about lifelong learning (London, Employment Department).
  • Hanson, A. L., Bruskiewitz, R. H., & Demuth, J. E. (2007). Pharmacists' perceptions of facilitators and barriers to lifelong learning. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 71(4), 67. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj710467 Hart, D., Long, E., Breslauer, H. & Slosser, C. (2002) Why aren't they calling? Summary of results on the national study: Nonparticipation in literacy and upgrading programs. Toronto: ABC Canada. Accessed November 21. 2005, from http://www.abc-canada.org/research/
  • Hillage, J. & Aston, J. (2001, July). Attracting new learners – a literature review. Learning and Skills Development Agency (LSDA), London, UK. Retrieved 15 June 2011 from: http://www.employment-studies.co.uk/pubs/summary.php?id=1436learn.
  • Hunter-Johnson, Y. (2017). Demystifying educational resilience: Barriers of Bahamian nontraditional adult learners in higher education. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 65(3), 175-186.
  • Jackson, S. (2003). Lifelong earning: working-class women and lifelong learning. Gender and Education, 15(4). Kaplan, A. (2016). Lifelong learning: conclusions from a literature review. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 5(2), 43-50.
  • Kaplan, A. (2016). Lifelong learning: conclusions from a literature review. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 5(2), 43-50.
  • Kennedy, H. (1997). Learning Works: widening participation in further education. The Council.
  • Knud, I. (2005). Lifelong Learning and the low-skilled. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 25(1), 15-28.
  • Koper, R., & Tattersall, C. (2004). New directions for lifelong learning using network technologies. British Journal of Educational Technology, 35(6), 689-700.
  • Leclerc, G. J. (1985). Understandıng the educatıonal needs of older adults: a new approach. Educational Gerontology, 11(2-3), 137–144. doi:10.1080/0380127850110206
  • Livingstone, D.W. (2002) Mapping the iceberg. NALL Working Paper. Toronto: OISE/UT. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 478 439
  • Longworth, N. (2003). Lifelong learning in action: Transforming education in the 21st century. Routledge.
  • Lowe, G.S. (2001) Learning in the 21st century: Key issues and questions. Background paper for the National Roundtable on Learning, 19-20 March 2001, Edmonton, AB. Available from http://www.cprn.org
  • MacKeracher, D., Suart, T. ve Potter, J. (2006). State of the field report: Barriers to participation in adult learning. Canadian Council on Learning.
  • McClusky, H.Y. (1970) An approach to a differential psychology of the adult potential. In S.M. Grabowski (Ed.), Adult learning and instruction (pp. 80-95). Syracuse, NY: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult Education. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 045 867.
  • McGivney, V. (1993). Women, Education and Training. Barriers to Access, Informal Starting Points and Progression Routes. National Institute of Adult Continuing Education, 21 De Montfort Street, Leicester LE1 7GE, England, United Kingdom
  • McGivney, V. (1996). Staying or Leaving the Course: Non-Completion and Retention of Mature Students in Further and Higher Education. National Institute of Adult Continuing Education, 21 De Montfort Street, Leicester LE1 7GE, England, United Kingdom.
  • McGivney, V. (1999). Returning Women. Their Training and Employment Choices and Needs.
  • McGivney, V. (2014). Participation and non-participation: a review of the literature. Adult learners, education and training, 11-30.
  • Merriam, S.B. & Caffarella, R.S. (1999). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (2nd ed.), San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Millar, P. & Falk, I. (2000) Seniors online: Online literacy and learning by senior citizens in rural centres. Launceston, AU: Adult Literacy and Numeracy Australian Research Consortium. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 457 399.
  • Morris, T.H., Steinmüller, B. & Rohs, M. (2022) Examining barriers to participation in further and continuing education in Germany: Why a regional perspective is (still) important. Int Rev Educ 68, 551–577 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09968-4
  • Moskal, B. M., & Leydens, J. A. (2019). Scoring rubric development: Validity and reliability. Practical assessment, research, and evaluation, 7(1), 10.
  • Munn, P., & MacDonald, C. (1988). Adult Participation in Education and Training. Practitioner Minipaper 4. SCRE Publication 100.
  • National Institute for Adult Continuing Education (2002.) Meeting the needs of older learners – A briefing for LSCs. Leicester, UK: NIACE Accessed from http://www.niace.org.uk/information/Briefing_sheets/Meeting_needs_older_learners.htm
  • Norman, M., & Hyland, T. (2003). The role of confidence in lifelong learning. Educational studies, 29(2-3), 261-272. OECD (2012), Education at a Glance 2012: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2002) Thematic review of adult learning: Canada. Background Report. Paris: OECD. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 469 815. Also available at http://ww.oecd.org/dataoecd/51/32/1940307.pdf
  • Örs, M., & Kilinç, M. (2017). An Investigation of the Opinions of Pre-Service Midwives and Nurses Regarding Lifelong Learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(n12A), 56-62.
  • Örs, Mukaddes & Kılınç, Mustafa. (2017). An Investigation of the Opinions of Pre-service Midwives and Nurses Regarding Lifelong Learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 5. 56-62. 10.13189/ujer.2017.051309.
  • Ostermeier, C.A. (2003) Assessing the continuing professional educational needs of educators. Master of Adult Education, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS.
  • Pak, T.N. (2012). An examination of lifelong learning policy rhetoric and practice in Singapore. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 32(3), 318-334.
  • Paldanius, S. (2007). The rationality of reluctance and indifference toward adult education: Difficulties in recruiting unemployed adults to adult education. In Adult Education Research Conference (AERC), Mount Saint Vincent, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, June 2007.
  • Pennacchia, J., Jones, E., & Aldridge, F. (2018). Barriers to learning for disadvantaged groups. Report of qualitative findings. Government Social Research. Learning and Work Institute, Department for Education, UK.
  • Potter, J. & Ferguson, C. (2003) Canada's Innovation Strategy and lifelong learning: Facilitating adult learning in Canada. Fredericton, NB: University of New Brunswick, College of Extended Learning.
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LIFELONG LEARNING BARRIERS: A THEORETICAL RESEARCH

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 164 - 180, 30.12.2023

Mehmet Serdar Günen Ömer Faruk Vural

Abstract

Being a lifelong learner for the whole life is an essential objective for an adult. However, it is not easy to achieve because of certain factors. These factors are defined as "barriers" in the literature. Every adult may have encountered some of these barriers to some extent in their life. Types of these barriers or the level of effect may show differences. This study is a theoretical research that aims to present these barriers in the light of related literature. In other words, the current research discusses the obstacles to lifelong learning identified in the literature. It provides an overview of the factors preventing adults from participating in lifelong learning activities. As a result, the barriers mentioned in the related literature were listed as lack of interest and motivation, lack of time, being too old, cost, family constraints, socio-economic group, and lack of self-confidence.

Keywords

Lifelong learning lifelong learning barriers theoretical research

References

  • Abroms, L. C. ve Goldscheider, F. K. (2002). More work for mother: How spouses, cohabiting partners and relatives affect the hours mothers work. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 23(2), 147-166.
  • Aksoy, M. (2008). Hayat Boyu Öğrenme Ve Kariyer Rehberliği İlkelerinin İstihdam Edilebilirliğe Etkileri: Otel İşletmeleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Doktora tezi: Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü: Ankara.
  • Archibald, J. & Urion, C. (1995). Ourselves, our knowledge. Establishing pathways to excellence in Indian education implementation: Challenges and solutions. Canadian Journal of Native Education, 21 (1).
  • Boeren, E. (2011). Gender differences in formal, non-formal and informal adult learning. Studies in Continuing Education, 33, 333-346.
  • Boeren, E., Nicaise, I., & Baert, H. (2010). Theoretical models of participation in adult education: The need for an integrated model. International journal of lifelong education, 29(1), 45-61.
  • Bohle, D. and Greskovits, B. (2007a) The state, internationalization, and capitalist diversity in Eastern Europe. Competition & Change, 11, 90-115.
  • Boudioni, M., McLaren, S., Woods, L., & Lemma, F. (2007). Lifelong learning, its facilitators and barriers in primary care settings: A qualitative study. Primary Health Care Research & Development, 8(2), 157-169. doi:10.1017/S1463423607000187
  • Brookfield, S. (1986). Understanding and facilitating adult learning: A comprehensive analysis of principles and effective practices. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
  • Bryce, J. (2004). Different ways that secondary schools orient to lifelong learning. Educational Studies,30(1). Bull, C., Byrnes, J., Hettiarachchi Bull, R., & Downes, M. (2019). A systematic review of the validity and reliability of patient‐reported experience measures. Health services research, 54(5), 1023-1035.
  • Carlén, M. (1999). Kunskapslyft eller avbytarbänk? Möten med industriarbetare om utbildning för arbetet [A knowledge jump or a substitute back up plan? Meeting with industry workers about work training.] Dissertation, Acta universitatis Gothoburgensis, Göteborg
  • Chisolm, L., Larson, A., & Mossoux, A. F. (2004). Lifelong learning: Citizens' views in close-up. Thessaloniki: European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training.
  • Chuang, S.-F. (2015). Deterrents to Women's Participation in Continuing Professional Development. New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development, 27(2), 28–37. doi:10.1002/nha3.20104
  • Cihangir Tetik, D. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde teorik makale yazımı ve uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinindeki yansımaları. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (42), 31-48.
  • Courtenay, B. C., Suhart, M. P., McConatha, D. Ve Stevenson, R. T. (1983). Assessing the educational needs of undereducated older adults: A case for the service provider. Educational Gerontology: An International Quarterly, 9(2-3), 205-216.
  • Cross, K. P. (1981). Adults as Learners: Increasing Participation and Facilitating Learning (1st Ed). San Francisco, USA, Jossey-Bass publishing.
  • Cumming, A. (1992). Access to literacy for language minority adults. ERIC Digest. ERIC Document ED 350 886
  • Demirel, M. (2009). Lifelong learning and schools in the twenty-first century. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1(1), 1709-1716.
  • Demirel, O. (Ed.) (2005). Egitimde yeni yonelimler (New trends in education). Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Dench, S. & Regan, J. (2000) Learning in later life: Motivation and impact. DfEE Resesarch Brief No. 183. Nottingham, UK: Department for Education and Employment Publications. Accessed November21,2005,fromhttp://www.employmentstudies.co.uk/summary/summary.php?id=rr183 Educational Sciences, Ankara.
  • Egglestone, C., Stevens, C., Jones, E., & Aldridge, F. (2018). Adult participation in learning survey 2017. Learningandwork. org.
  • Eldred, J., James, K., & Mansour, J. (2017). Healthy, wealthy and wise: the impact of adult learning across the UK. Erişim linki: https://www.learningandwork.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/LW-EU-Report-Nov-2017-V8-1.pdf
  • Ersoy, A. (2009). Lifelong learning and Public libraries in Turkey. Master's thesis, Hacettepe University, the Institute of Social Sciences, Ankara.
  • Erwin, T. D., & Kelly, K. (1985). Changes in students' self-confidence in college. Journal of College Student Personnel.
  • Eurostat (2022). Adult learning statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Adult_learning_statistics
  • Falasca, M. (2011). Barriers to adult learning: Bridging the gap. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 51(3), 583-590.
  • Fleming, T. (2021). Models of Lifelong Learning 3. The Oxford Handbook of Lifelong Learning, 2, 35.
  • Gaikezheyongai, S. (2000) Aboriginal-enhanced access to Native learning: A literacy project of the Native Women's Resource Centre. Toronto: Native Women's Resource Centre. Access November 15, 2005, from http://www.nald.ca/fulltext/natlearn/
  • Gorard, S. & Selwyn, N. (2005) What makes a lifelong learner? Teachers College Record, 107 (6) 1193-1216.
  • Gorard, S., & Smith, E. (2007). Do barriers get in the way? A review of the determinants of post‐16 participation. Research in Post-Compulsory Education, 12(2), 141–158. doi:10.1080/13596740701387437
  • Hall, Jones, & Evans. (2021, November). Adult Participation in Learning Survey 2021. National Learning and Work Institute. Retrieved November 17, 2023, from https://learningandwork.org.uk/
  • Hand, A., Gambles, J. & Cooper, E. (1994) Individual commitment to learning: individuals' decisionmaking about lifelong learning (London, Employment Department).
  • Hanson, A. L., Bruskiewitz, R. H., & Demuth, J. E. (2007). Pharmacists' perceptions of facilitators and barriers to lifelong learning. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 71(4), 67. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj710467 Hart, D., Long, E., Breslauer, H. & Slosser, C. (2002) Why aren't they calling? Summary of results on the national study: Nonparticipation in literacy and upgrading programs. Toronto: ABC Canada. Accessed November 21. 2005, from http://www.abc-canada.org/research/
  • Hillage, J. & Aston, J. (2001, July). Attracting new learners – a literature review. Learning and Skills Development Agency (LSDA), London, UK. Retrieved 15 June 2011 from: http://www.employment-studies.co.uk/pubs/summary.php?id=1436learn.
  • Hunter-Johnson, Y. (2017). Demystifying educational resilience: Barriers of Bahamian nontraditional adult learners in higher education. The Journal of Continuing Higher Education, 65(3), 175-186.
  • Jackson, S. (2003). Lifelong earning: working-class women and lifelong learning. Gender and Education, 15(4). Kaplan, A. (2016). Lifelong learning: conclusions from a literature review. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 5(2), 43-50.
  • Kaplan, A. (2016). Lifelong learning: conclusions from a literature review. International Online Journal of Primary Education, 5(2), 43-50.
  • Kennedy, H. (1997). Learning Works: widening participation in further education. The Council.
  • Knud, I. (2005). Lifelong Learning and the low-skilled. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 25(1), 15-28.
  • Koper, R., & Tattersall, C. (2004). New directions for lifelong learning using network technologies. British Journal of Educational Technology, 35(6), 689-700.
  • Leclerc, G. J. (1985). Understandıng the educatıonal needs of older adults: a new approach. Educational Gerontology, 11(2-3), 137–144. doi:10.1080/0380127850110206
  • Livingstone, D.W. (2002) Mapping the iceberg. NALL Working Paper. Toronto: OISE/UT. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 478 439
  • Longworth, N. (2003). Lifelong learning in action: Transforming education in the 21st century. Routledge.
  • Lowe, G.S. (2001) Learning in the 21st century: Key issues and questions. Background paper for the National Roundtable on Learning, 19-20 March 2001, Edmonton, AB. Available from http://www.cprn.org
  • MacKeracher, D., Suart, T. ve Potter, J. (2006). State of the field report: Barriers to participation in adult learning. Canadian Council on Learning.
  • McClusky, H.Y. (1970) An approach to a differential psychology of the adult potential. In S.M. Grabowski (Ed.), Adult learning and instruction (pp. 80-95). Syracuse, NY: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult Education. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 045 867.
  • McGivney, V. (1993). Women, Education and Training. Barriers to Access, Informal Starting Points and Progression Routes. National Institute of Adult Continuing Education, 21 De Montfort Street, Leicester LE1 7GE, England, United Kingdom
  • McGivney, V. (1996). Staying or Leaving the Course: Non-Completion and Retention of Mature Students in Further and Higher Education. National Institute of Adult Continuing Education, 21 De Montfort Street, Leicester LE1 7GE, England, United Kingdom.
  • McGivney, V. (1999). Returning Women. Their Training and Employment Choices and Needs.
  • McGivney, V. (2014). Participation and non-participation: a review of the literature. Adult learners, education and training, 11-30.
  • Merriam, S.B. & Caffarella, R.S. (1999). Learning in adulthood: A comprehensive guide (2nd ed.), San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
  • Millar, P. & Falk, I. (2000) Seniors online: Online literacy and learning by senior citizens in rural centres. Launceston, AU: Adult Literacy and Numeracy Australian Research Consortium. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 457 399.
  • Morris, T.H., Steinmüller, B. & Rohs, M. (2022) Examining barriers to participation in further and continuing education in Germany: Why a regional perspective is (still) important. Int Rev Educ 68, 551–577 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-022-09968-4
  • Moskal, B. M., & Leydens, J. A. (2019). Scoring rubric development: Validity and reliability. Practical assessment, research, and evaluation, 7(1), 10.
  • Munn, P., & MacDonald, C. (1988). Adult Participation in Education and Training. Practitioner Minipaper 4. SCRE Publication 100.
  • National Institute for Adult Continuing Education (2002.) Meeting the needs of older learners – A briefing for LSCs. Leicester, UK: NIACE Accessed from http://www.niace.org.uk/information/Briefing_sheets/Meeting_needs_older_learners.htm
  • Norman, M., & Hyland, T. (2003). The role of confidence in lifelong learning. Educational studies, 29(2-3), 261-272. OECD (2012), Education at a Glance 2012: OECD Indicators, OECD Publishing Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2002) Thematic review of adult learning: Canada. Background Report. Paris: OECD. ERIC Reproduction Document ED 469 815. Also available at http://ww.oecd.org/dataoecd/51/32/1940307.pdf
  • Örs, M., & Kilinç, M. (2017). An Investigation of the Opinions of Pre-Service Midwives and Nurses Regarding Lifelong Learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(n12A), 56-62.
  • Örs, Mukaddes & Kılınç, Mustafa. (2017). An Investigation of the Opinions of Pre-service Midwives and Nurses Regarding Lifelong Learning. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 5. 56-62. 10.13189/ujer.2017.051309.
  • Ostermeier, C.A. (2003) Assessing the continuing professional educational needs of educators. Master of Adult Education, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS.
  • Pak, T.N. (2012). An examination of lifelong learning policy rhetoric and practice in Singapore. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 32(3), 318-334.
  • Paldanius, S. (2007). The rationality of reluctance and indifference toward adult education: Difficulties in recruiting unemployed adults to adult education. In Adult Education Research Conference (AERC), Mount Saint Vincent, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, June 2007.
  • Pennacchia, J., Jones, E., & Aldridge, F. (2018). Barriers to learning for disadvantaged groups. Report of qualitative findings. Government Social Research. Learning and Work Institute, Department for Education, UK.
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There are 77 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Lifelong learning
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Serdar Günen 0000-0002-9955-6433

Ömer Faruk Vural 0000-0002-1520-3762

Publication Date December 30, 2023
Submission Date December 12, 2023
Acceptance Date December 29, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Günen, M. S., & Vural, Ö. F. (2023). LIFELONG LEARNING BARRIERS: A THEORETICAL RESEARCH. Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Education, 7(4), 164-180.