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The Factor Structure of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS): A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling

Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 472 - 491, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21031/epod.1261452

Abstract

This study aims to determine the most appropriate factor structure for the life satisfaction scale by using the meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) approach. For this purpose, we extracted 41 correlation matrices from 33 primary studies (N = 49316) in accordance with the inclusion criteria. In the first step of MASEM, we created the total correlation matrix according to the random-effects model. At this stage, we determined that there was a large and significant relationship between the scale items. In the second phase of MASEM, we established four models of SWLS (original single-factor model, modified single-factor model, two-factor model, and the first three-item model). As a result of the analysis, we determined that although the goodness-of-fit indices of the original single-factor model were at a “good” level, the model-data fit of modified-single-factor model and the two-factor model was better. However, we determined that the modified-single factor model was the most appropriate one since there was a high correlation (r = 0.92, p < .01) between the factors in the two-factor model, and its divergent validity could not be ensured. We determined that the first three-item model is a saturated model.

References

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Year 2023, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 472 - 491, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.21031/epod.1261452

Abstract

References

  • Appleton, S., & Song, L. (2008). Life satisfaction in urban China: Components and determinants. World Development, 36(11), 2325-2340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2008.04.009
  • *Anthimou, A., Koutsogiorgi, C., & Michaelides, M. (2021). Psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in a Cypriot student sample. Psychologia, 26, 273–282. https://doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.29152
  • Areepattamannil, S., & Bano, S. (2020). Psychometric Properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) Among Middle Adolescents in a Collectivist Cultural Setting. Psychological Studies, 65(4), 497–503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-020-00578-4
  • Atienza, F. L., Pons, D., Balaguer, I., & García-Merita, M. (2000). Psychometric properties of the satisfaction with life scale in adolescents. Psicothema, 12, 314–319. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2000-03241-023
  • Bacro, F., Coudronnière, C., Gaudonville, T., Galharret, J.-M., Ferrière, S., Florin, A., & Guimard, P. (2020). The French adaptation of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS): Factorial structure, age, gender and time-related invariance in children and adolescents. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17(2), 307–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2019.1680359
  • Balgiu, B., Sfeatcu, R., Ilinca, R., & Bucur, V. (2021). Investigating Construct Validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in a Sample of Romanian Dental Students. Romanian Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 13, 7–12. http://rjor.ro/wp-content/uploads/2021/10
  • Berríos-Riquelme, J., Pascual-Soler, M., Frías-navarro, D., & Maluenda Albornoz, J. (2021). Psychometric properties and factorial invariance of the satisfaction with life scale in Latino immigrants in Chile, Spain, and United States. Terapia Psicológica, 39, 199–218. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082021000200199
  • Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Busseri, M. A. (2018). Examining the structure of subjective well-being through meta-analysis of the associations among positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 122, 68–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.10.003
  • Caycho-Rodríguez, T., Ventura-León, J., García Cadena, C. H., Barboza-Palomino, M., Arias Gallegos, W. L., Dominguez-Vergara, J., Azabache-Alvarado, K., Cabrera-Orosco, I., & Samaniego Pinho, A. (2018). Psychometric Evidence of the Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale in Peruvian Elderly. Revista Ciencias de La Salud, 16(3), 488. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.7267
  • Cazan, A.-M. (2014). The Romanian Version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Romanian Journal of Experimental Applied Psychology, 5(1), 42–47. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ana-Maria-Cazan-2/publication/263768270
  • Cheung, M. W.-L. (2015). Meta-Analysis: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. John Wiley&Sons.
  • Cheung, M. W.-L., & Chan, W. (2005). Meta-analytic structural equation modeling: A two-stage approach. Psychological Methods, 10(1), 40–64. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.10.1.40
  • Clench-Aas, J., Nes, R., Dalgard, O., & Aarø, L. (2011). Dimensionality and measurement invariance in the Satisfaction with Life Scale in Norway. Quality of Life Research : An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation, 20, 1307–1317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-011-9859-x
  • Dağli, A., & Baysal, N. (2016). Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması: Geçerlik Ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(59), 59. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.263229
  • Dirzyte, A., Perminas, A., & Biliuniene, E. (2021). Psychometric Properties of Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ-24) in the Lithuanian Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2608. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052608
  • Egger, M., Davey Smith, G., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997). Egger M, Smith GD, Schneider M, Minder CBias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 315, 629–634. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629
  • Emerson, S. D., Guhn, M., & Gadermann, A. M. (2017). Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction with Life Scale: Reviewing three decades of research. Quality of Life Research, 26(9), 2251–2264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1552-2
  • Esnaola, I., Benito, M., & Antonio-Agirre, I. (2017). Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) by country, gender and age. Psicothema, 29(4), 596–601. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.394
  • Espejo, B., Martín-Carbonell, M., & Checa, I. (2022). Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance by Gender of the Abbreviated Three-Item Version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in a Colombian Sample. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2595. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052595
  • Espejo, B., Martín-Carbonell, M., Checa, I., Paternina, Y., Fernández-Daza, M., Higuita, J. D., Albarracín, A., & Cerquera, A. (2022). Psychometric Properties of the Diener Satisfaction With Life Scale With Five Response Options Applied to the Colombian Population. Frontiers in Public Health, 9, 767–534. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.767534
  • Esposito Vinzi, V., Trinchera, L., & Amato, S. (2010). PLS Path Modeling: From Foundations to Recent Developments and Open Issues for Model Assessment and Improvement. In Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 47–82). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_3
  • Fabio, A., & Gori, A. (2015). Measuring Adolescent Life Satisfaction: Psychometric Properties of the Satisfaction With Life Scale in a Sample of Italian Adolescents and Young Adults. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282915621223
  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312.
  • Frisch, M. B. (1994). Quality of life inventory manual and treatment guide. NCS Pearson and Pearson Assessments.
  • Funder, D. C., & Ozer, D. J. (2019). Evaluating Effect Size in Psychological Research: Sense and Nonsense. Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science, 2(2), 156–168. https://doi.org/10.1177/2515245919847202
  • Gadermann, A. M., Schonert-Reichl, K. A., & Zumbo, B. D. (2010). Investigating Validity Evidence of the Satisfaction with Life Scale Adapted for Children. Social Indicators Research, 96(2), 229–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-009-9474-1
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sedat Kanadlı 0000-0002-0905-8677

Nezaket Bilge Uzun 0000-0003-2293-4536

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Acceptance Date November 20, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Kanadlı, S., & Uzun, N. B. (2023). The Factor Structure of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS): A Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling. Journal of Measurement and Evaluation in Education and Psychology, 14(4), 472-491. https://doi.org/10.21031/epod.1261452