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An Investigation of the Relationship Between Mothers' Emotion Expression and Mothers' Report and Child's Self-Report-Based Emotion Regulation

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 78 - 91, 30.04.2024

Kevser Keleş Eyüp Çelik

Abstract

This study aims to investigate whether mothers' emotional expression affects children's emotion regulation and to examine the nature of the congruence between mothers' report-based child emotion regulation and child's self-report-based emotion regulation. The research was conducted with a quantitative research design, specifically a correlational survey model. The study group consisted of a total of 209 primary school students, including 119 girls and 90 boys, and their mothers. Berkeley Emotional Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ) and Children's Emotion Management Scales: Anger and Sadness/ Child-Parent (CEMS: Anger and Sadness/C-P) forms were used to collect data. The relationships between variables were examined through correlation and regression analysis. The study's findings revealed that the parent form and child form of emotion regulation skills subscales were positively correlated, except for the anger inhibition subscale. The regression analysis demonstrated that child anger dysregulated-expression was predicted by the parent anger dysregulated-expression, parent sadness inhibition, and parent anger inhibition; child anger coping was predicted by the parent joy savoring; child sadness inhibition was predicted by the parent sadness inhibition; child anger dysregulated-expression was predicted by the parent sadness dysregulated-expression; child joy dampening was predicted by the parent anger dysregulated-expression parent sadness inhibition; child joy savoring was predicted by the parent sadness inhibition. When considering gender differences in emotion regulation skills, it was found that girls tended to conceal their anger more but were better at coping with anger, while boys were more likely to express their anger in inappropriate ways.

Keywords

Mother Child emotion regulation Primary school

References

  • Achenbach, T. M., McConaughy, S. H., & Howell, C. T. (1987). Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psychological bulletin, 101(2), 213. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.101.2.213
  • Akın, A. (2011). The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Berkeley Expressivity Scale. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.006
  • Aldao, A. (2013). The future of emotion regulation research: Capturing context. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(2), 155-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691612459518
  • Are, F., & Shaffer, A. (2016). Family emotion expressiveness mediates the relations between maternal emotion regulation and child emotion regulation. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 47(5), 708-715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-015-0605-4
  • Arı, M., & Yaban, E. H. (2016). Okulöncesi dönemdeki çocuklarin sosyal davranişlari: Mizaç ve duygu düzenlemenin rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(1), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.16986/HUJE.2015014655
  • Bender, P. K., Reinholdt-Dunne, M. L., Esbjorn, B. H., & Pons, F. (2012). Emotion dysregulation and anxiety in children and adolescents: Gender differences, 53(3), 284-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.03.027
  • Bilge Y., & Sezgin E. (2020). Anne ve çocuk duygu düzenleme arasindaki ilişkide annenin kişilik özelliklerinin ve bağlanma stillerinin araci rolü. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(3), 310-318. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.65836
  • Cassano, M., Perry-Parrish, C., & Zeman, J. (2007). Influence of sex on parental socialization of children’s sadness regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 210–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00381.x
  • Demirkan, E., & Yeşilyaprak, Y. (2023). Annelerin duygu düzenleme becerileri ve zihin yönelimlilikleri ile çocuklarının duygu düzenleme becerileri arasındaki bağlantıların incelenmesi. Erciyes Akademi, 37(1), 242-260. https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1225491
  • Denham, S. A., & Auerbach, S. (1995). Mother-child dialogue about emotions and preschoolers’ emotional competence. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 121(3), 313-337. Available from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1996-07704-001
  • Eisenberg, N., Gershoff, E. T., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S. A., Cumberland, A. J., Losoya, S. H., & Murphy, B. C. (2001). Mother's emotional expressivity and children's behavior problems and social competence: Mediation through children's regulation. Developmental psychology, 37(4), 475. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.37.4.475
  • Ergül, N. (2019). Psikiyatri kliniğine başvuran 8-13 yaş grubundaki çocuklarda mizaç özellikleri, duygu düzenleme ve annenin ebeveynlik stresi ile içe yönelim sorunları arasındaki ilişki (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from CoHE Thesis Center (Thesis No: 554815).
  • Gross, J. J., & John, O. E (1995). Facets of emotional expressivity: Three self-report factors and their correlates. Personality and Individual Differences, 19(4), 555–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(95)00055-B
  • Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition and Emotion, 13(5), 551–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/026999399379186
  • Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: conceptual foundations. J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (ss. 3-24) New York, NY, US: Guilford.
  • Gülgez, Ö. (2018). İlkokul çocuklarında duygu düzenleme ile sosyal yeterlilik ilişkisinin incelenmesi (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from CoHE Thesis Center (Thesis No: 542074).
  • Gülgez, Ö., & Gündüz, B., (2019) Çocuklarda duygu düzenlemenin ölçülmesi: Ölçek Uyarlama ve Geliştirme Çalışması. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (52), 491-518.
  • Haskett, M. E., Stelter, R., Proffit, K., & Nice, R. (2012). Parent emotional expressiveness and children's self-regulation: Associations with abused children's school functioning. Child abuse & neglect, 36(4), 296-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.11.008
  • Kara, İ., & Sığırtmaç, A., D. (2022). Çocukların duygu düzenleme becerileri ve problem davranımları ile öğretmen ve ebeveynlerinin duygu düzenleme ve öğretmenlerin sınıf yönetimi becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(83), 887-908. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1022643 Karasar, N. (2004). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Karaş, Z., & Altun, F. (2022). Okul öncesi çocuklarının duygu düzenleme becerileri: Çocuğun mizacı ile ebeveyninin duygusal zekâsı ve psikolojik iyi oluşunun rolü nedir? Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi,12 (2), 1268-1283. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.987751
  • Koçyiğit, S., Yılmaz, E., & Sezer, T. (2015). 60-72 aylık çocukların sosyal yetkinlik ve duygu düzenleme becerileri ile oyun becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. HAYEF Journal of Education, 12(1), 209-218. Available from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iuhayefd/issue/8802/110041
  • Measelle, J. R., John, O. P., Ablow, J. C., Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (2005). Can children provide coherent, stable, and valid self-reports on the big five dimensions? A longitudinal study from ages 5 to 7. Journal of Personality and social psychology, 89(1), 90. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.1.90
  • Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., Myers S. S., & Robinson L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 361–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00389.x
  • Perry, N. B., Dollar, J. M., Calkins, S. D., Keane, S. P., & Shanahan, L. (2020). Maternal socialization of child emotion and adolescent adjustment: Indirect effects through emotion regulation. Developmental psychology, 56(3), 541. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000815
  • Pons, F., Harris, P. L., & De Rosnay, M. (2004). Emotion comprehension between 3 and 11 years: Developmental periods and hierarchical organization. European Journal of developmental psychology, 1(2), 127-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620344000022
  • Powers, A., Stevens, J. S., O'Banion, D., Stenson, A. F., Kaslow, N., Jovanovic, T., & Bradley, B. (2020). Intergenerational transmission of risk for PTSD symptoms in African American children: The roles of maternal and child emotion dysregulation. Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy, 14(7), 1099–1106. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000543
  • Ramsden, S. R., & Hubbard, J. A. (2002). Family expressiveness and parental emotion coaching: Their role in children's emotion regulation and aggression. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 30(6), 657-667. https://doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1020819915881
  • Ringoot, A. P., Tiemeier, H., Jaddoe, V. W., So, P., Hofman, A., Verhulst, F. C., & Jansen, P. W. (2015). Parental depression and child well-being: Young children's self-reports helped address biases in parent reports. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 68(8), 928-938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.03.009
  • Sabatier, C., Restrepo Cervantes, D., Moreno Torres, M., Hoyos De los Rios, O., & Palacio Sañudo, J. (2017). Emotion regulation in children and adolescents: concepts, processes, and influences. Psicología desde el Caribe, 34(1), 101-110. Available from http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0123-417X2017000100101
  • Sarıtaş, D., & Gençöz, T. (2011) Ergenlerin duygu düzenleme güçlüklerinin, annelerinin duygu düzenleme güçlükleri ve çocuk yetiştirme davranışları ile ilişkisi. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 18 (2), 117-126.
  • Schultz, D., Izard, C. E., & Bear, G. (2004). Children’s emotion processing: Relations to emotionality and aggression. Development and Psychopathology, 16(2), 371-387. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579404044566 Seçer, Z. (2017). Sosyal olarak yetkin okul öncesi çocukların duygu düzenlemeleri ile annelerinin duygu sosyalleştirme davranışları arasındaki ilişkiler. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 25(4), 1435-1452. Available from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kefdergi/issue/30766/332488
  • Sille, A. (2016). Annenin duygusal sosyalizasyonu ile 48-72 aylık çocukların duygu düzenleme becerisi arasındaki ilişki (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). YÖK Tez Merkezi veri tabanından erişildi (Tez No: 470177).
  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Setti, A., & Fasolo, M. (2021). Parenting stress during the COVID‐19 outbreak: Socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and implications for children emotion regulation. Family Process, 60(2), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12601
  • Suarez, G. L., Morales, S., Miller, N. V., Penela, E. C., Chronis-Tuscano, A., Henderson, H. A., & Fox, N. A. (2021). Examining a developmental pathway from early behavioral inhibition to emotion regulation and social anxiety: The moderating role of parenting. Developmental psychology, 57(8), 1261. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001225
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  • Yaman, B. (2018). Ebeveyn tutumlarının çocukların mizaç özellikleri ve duygu düzenleme becerileri üzerindeki rolü (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). YÖK Tez Merkezi veri tabanından erişildi (Tez No: 508352).
  • Yurdakul, Y., Beyazıt, U., & Ayhan, A. B. (2021). Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarında Duygu Düzenleme Becerileri ile Etkileşimli Oyun Davranışları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(4), 1291-1307. https://doi.org/10.32709/akusosbil.874538
  • Yükçü, Ş. B. (2017). Bağımsız anaokullarına devam eden çocukların duygu düzenleme ve sosyal problem çözme becerileri ile ebeveynlerinin duygusal okuryazarlık düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). YÖK Tez Merkezi veri tabanından erişildi (Tez No: 468838).
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An Investigation of the Relationship Between Mothers' Emotion Expression and Mothers' Report and Child's Self-Report-Based Emotion Regulation

Year 2024, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 78 - 91, 30.04.2024

Kevser Keleş Eyüp Çelik

Abstract

This study aims to investigate whether mothers' emotional expression affects children's emotion regulation and to examine the nature of the congruence between mothers' report-based child emotion regulation and child's self-report-based emotion regulation. The research was conducted with a quantitative research design, specifically a correlational survey model. The study group consisted of a total of 209 primary school students, including 119 girls and 90 boys, and their mothers. Berkeley Emotional Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ) and Children's Emotion Management Scales: Anger and Sadness/ Child-Parent (CEMS: Anger and Sadness/C-P) forms were used to collect data. The relationships between variables were examined through correlation and regression analysis. The study's findings revealed that the parent form and child form of emotion regulation skills subscales were positively correlated, except for the anger inhibition subscale. The regression analysis demonstrated that child anger dysregulated-expression was predicted by the parent anger dysregulated-expression, parent sadness inhibition, and parent anger inhibition; child anger coping was predicted by the parent joy savoring; child sadness inhibition was predicted by the parent sadness inhibition; child anger dysregulated-expression was predicted by the parent sadness dysregulated-expression; child joy dampening was predicted by the parent anger dysregulated-expression parent sadness inhibition; child joy savoring was predicted by the parent sadness inhibition. When considering gender differences in emotion regulation skills, it was found that girls tended to conceal their anger more but were better at coping with anger, while boys were more likely to express their anger in inappropriate ways.

Keywords

Child emotion regulation Primary school Mother

References

  • Achenbach, T. M., McConaughy, S. H., & Howell, C. T. (1987). Child/adolescent behavioral and emotional problems: implications of cross-informant correlations for situational specificity. Psychological bulletin, 101(2), 213. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.101.2.213
  • Akın, A. (2011). The validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Berkeley Expressivity Scale. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.006
  • Aldao, A. (2013). The future of emotion regulation research: Capturing context. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(2), 155-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691612459518
  • Are, F., & Shaffer, A. (2016). Family emotion expressiveness mediates the relations between maternal emotion regulation and child emotion regulation. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 47(5), 708-715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-015-0605-4
  • Arı, M., & Yaban, E. H. (2016). Okulöncesi dönemdeki çocuklarin sosyal davranişlari: Mizaç ve duygu düzenlemenin rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(1), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.16986/HUJE.2015014655
  • Bender, P. K., Reinholdt-Dunne, M. L., Esbjorn, B. H., & Pons, F. (2012). Emotion dysregulation and anxiety in children and adolescents: Gender differences, 53(3), 284-288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.03.027
  • Bilge Y., & Sezgin E. (2020). Anne ve çocuk duygu düzenleme arasindaki ilişkide annenin kişilik özelliklerinin ve bağlanma stillerinin araci rolü. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 21(3), 310-318. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.65836
  • Cassano, M., Perry-Parrish, C., & Zeman, J. (2007). Influence of sex on parental socialization of children’s sadness regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 210–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00381.x
  • Demirkan, E., & Yeşilyaprak, Y. (2023). Annelerin duygu düzenleme becerileri ve zihin yönelimlilikleri ile çocuklarının duygu düzenleme becerileri arasındaki bağlantıların incelenmesi. Erciyes Akademi, 37(1), 242-260. https://doi.org/10.48070/erciyesakademi.1225491
  • Denham, S. A., & Auerbach, S. (1995). Mother-child dialogue about emotions and preschoolers’ emotional competence. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 121(3), 313-337. Available from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1996-07704-001
  • Eisenberg, N., Gershoff, E. T., Fabes, R. A., Shepard, S. A., Cumberland, A. J., Losoya, S. H., & Murphy, B. C. (2001). Mother's emotional expressivity and children's behavior problems and social competence: Mediation through children's regulation. Developmental psychology, 37(4), 475. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.37.4.475
  • Ergül, N. (2019). Psikiyatri kliniğine başvuran 8-13 yaş grubundaki çocuklarda mizaç özellikleri, duygu düzenleme ve annenin ebeveynlik stresi ile içe yönelim sorunları arasındaki ilişki (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from CoHE Thesis Center (Thesis No: 554815).
  • Gross, J. J., & John, O. E (1995). Facets of emotional expressivity: Three self-report factors and their correlates. Personality and Individual Differences, 19(4), 555–568. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(95)00055-B
  • Gross, J. J. (1999). Emotion regulation: Past, present, future. Cognition and Emotion, 13(5), 551–573. https://doi.org/10.1080/026999399379186
  • Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: conceptual foundations. J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (ss. 3-24) New York, NY, US: Guilford.
  • Gülgez, Ö. (2018). İlkokul çocuklarında duygu düzenleme ile sosyal yeterlilik ilişkisinin incelenmesi (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from CoHE Thesis Center (Thesis No: 542074).
  • Gülgez, Ö., & Gündüz, B., (2019) Çocuklarda duygu düzenlemenin ölçülmesi: Ölçek Uyarlama ve Geliştirme Çalışması. Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (52), 491-518.
  • Haskett, M. E., Stelter, R., Proffit, K., & Nice, R. (2012). Parent emotional expressiveness and children's self-regulation: Associations with abused children's school functioning. Child abuse & neglect, 36(4), 296-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.11.008
  • Kara, İ., & Sığırtmaç, A., D. (2022). Çocukların duygu düzenleme becerileri ve problem davranımları ile öğretmen ve ebeveynlerinin duygu düzenleme ve öğretmenlerin sınıf yönetimi becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 21(83), 887-908. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1022643 Karasar, N. (2004). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Karaş, Z., & Altun, F. (2022). Okul öncesi çocuklarının duygu düzenleme becerileri: Çocuğun mizacı ile ebeveyninin duygusal zekâsı ve psikolojik iyi oluşunun rolü nedir? Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi,12 (2), 1268-1283. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.987751
  • Koçyiğit, S., Yılmaz, E., & Sezer, T. (2015). 60-72 aylık çocukların sosyal yetkinlik ve duygu düzenleme becerileri ile oyun becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. HAYEF Journal of Education, 12(1), 209-218. Available from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iuhayefd/issue/8802/110041
  • Measelle, J. R., John, O. P., Ablow, J. C., Cowan, P. A., & Cowan, C. P. (2005). Can children provide coherent, stable, and valid self-reports on the big five dimensions? A longitudinal study from ages 5 to 7. Journal of Personality and social psychology, 89(1), 90. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.1.90
  • Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., Myers S. S., & Robinson L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16(2), 361–388. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00389.x
  • Perry, N. B., Dollar, J. M., Calkins, S. D., Keane, S. P., & Shanahan, L. (2020). Maternal socialization of child emotion and adolescent adjustment: Indirect effects through emotion regulation. Developmental psychology, 56(3), 541. https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000815
  • Pons, F., Harris, P. L., & De Rosnay, M. (2004). Emotion comprehension between 3 and 11 years: Developmental periods and hierarchical organization. European Journal of developmental psychology, 1(2), 127-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405620344000022
  • Powers, A., Stevens, J. S., O'Banion, D., Stenson, A. F., Kaslow, N., Jovanovic, T., & Bradley, B. (2020). Intergenerational transmission of risk for PTSD symptoms in African American children: The roles of maternal and child emotion dysregulation. Psychological trauma: theory, research, practice, and policy, 14(7), 1099–1106. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000543
  • Ramsden, S. R., & Hubbard, J. A. (2002). Family expressiveness and parental emotion coaching: Their role in children's emotion regulation and aggression. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 30(6), 657-667. https://doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1020819915881
  • Ringoot, A. P., Tiemeier, H., Jaddoe, V. W., So, P., Hofman, A., Verhulst, F. C., & Jansen, P. W. (2015). Parental depression and child well-being: Young children's self-reports helped address biases in parent reports. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 68(8), 928-938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.03.009
  • Sabatier, C., Restrepo Cervantes, D., Moreno Torres, M., Hoyos De los Rios, O., & Palacio Sañudo, J. (2017). Emotion regulation in children and adolescents: concepts, processes, and influences. Psicología desde el Caribe, 34(1), 101-110. Available from http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0123-417X2017000100101
  • Sarıtaş, D., & Gençöz, T. (2011) Ergenlerin duygu düzenleme güçlüklerinin, annelerinin duygu düzenleme güçlükleri ve çocuk yetiştirme davranışları ile ilişkisi. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi, 18 (2), 117-126.
  • Schultz, D., Izard, C. E., & Bear, G. (2004). Children’s emotion processing: Relations to emotionality and aggression. Development and Psychopathology, 16(2), 371-387. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954579404044566 Seçer, Z. (2017). Sosyal olarak yetkin okul öncesi çocukların duygu düzenlemeleri ile annelerinin duygu sosyalleştirme davranışları arasındaki ilişkiler. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 25(4), 1435-1452. Available from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/kefdergi/issue/30766/332488
  • Sille, A. (2016). Annenin duygusal sosyalizasyonu ile 48-72 aylık çocukların duygu düzenleme becerisi arasındaki ilişki (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). YÖK Tez Merkezi veri tabanından erişildi (Tez No: 470177).
  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Setti, A., & Fasolo, M. (2021). Parenting stress during the COVID‐19 outbreak: Socioeconomic and environmental risk factors and implications for children emotion regulation. Family Process, 60(2), 639-653. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12601
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychological Counseling and Guidance (Other)
Journal Section Article
Authors

Kevser Keleş 0009-0009-3854-9473

Eyüp Çelik 0000-0002-7714-9263

Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date January 11, 2024
Acceptance Date March 20, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Keleş, K., & Çelik, E. (2024). An Investigation of the Relationship Between Mothers’ Emotion Expression and Mothers’ Report and Child’s Self-Report-Based Emotion Regulation. Eğitim Kuram Ve Uygulama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(1), 78-91.
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