Research Article
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Biotechnology Literacy Levels and Biotechnology Knowledge of Prospective Science Teachers

Year 2023, Issue: 58, 2879 - 2904, 27.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1335846

Abstract

One of the fastest growing fields in science in the 21st century is biotechnology. Biotechnology affects many areas of human life. Biotechnologically developed countries are also advanced in scientific literacy. Biotechnology literacy is an integral part of scientific literacy. It is believed that the greatest role in the development of scientific literacy and biotechnology literacy in societies belongs to science teachers. Therefore, the biotechnological literacy levels of prospective science teachers, who have a very effective role in creating the biotechnological literacy of students in our country, are wondered. It is aimed via this study to reveal how biotechnology literacy dimensions of prospective science teachers are and how biotechnology knowledge of prospective science teachers is. To reveal these, a biotechnology literacy test prepared in accordance with the test development process was used. Survey research method is preferred among quantitative research methods in this study. The prospective science teachers who were senior students at seven universities were chosen as a sample group of research. After application of test, It is revealed that most of the participants have low level for both biotechnology literacy dimension and biotechnology knowledge. Moreover, lots of misconceptions and misunderstandings were observed related to genetics and biotechnology among participants.

Project Number

YOK

References

  • Açıkgül Fırat, E. (2015). Web 2.0 araçlarıyla desteklenen öğretimin öğretmen adaylarının biyoteknoloji okuryazarlıklarına etkisi [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. İnönü Üniversitesi.
  • Açıkgül Fırat, E., & Köksal, M. S. (2019). Development and validation of the biotechnology literacy test. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 47(2), 179-188.
  • Arber, W., & Linn, S. (1969). DNA modification and restriction. Annual review of biochemistry, 38(1), 467-500.
  • Australia Education Council. (1994). Science- A Curriculum Profile for Australian Schools. Carlton, Australia: Curriculum Corporation.
  • Barrangou, R., Fremaux, C., Deveau, H., Richards, M., Boyaval, P., Moineau, S., & Horvath, P. (2007). CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes. Science, 315(5819), 1709-1712.
  • Bhatia S. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. IOP Publishing. 2018
  • Bybee, R. W. (1997) Achieving Scientific Literacy: From Purposes to Practices, Heinemann, Portsmouth, NH
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem A Yayıncılık, Ankara
  • Casanoves de la Hoz, M. (2015). Biotechnology literacy of future teachers: A new educational approach (Doctoral dissertation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili).
  • Casanoves, M., González, Á., Salvadó, Z., Haro, J., & Novo, M. (2015). Knowledge and attitudes towards biotechnology of elementary education preservice teachers: the first Spanish experience. International Journal of Science Education, 37(17), 2923-2941.
  • Chabalengula, V. M., Mumba, F., & Chitiyo, J. (2011). American elementary education pre-service teachers' attitudes towards biotechnology processes. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 6(4), 341-357.
  • Chabalengula, V. M., Mumba, F., & Chitiyo, J. (2011). Elementary education preservice teachers' understanding of biotechnology and its related processes. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 39(4), 321-325.
  • Cohen, S. N., Chang, A. C., & Hsu, L. (1972). Nonchromosomal antibiotic resistance in bacteria: genetic transformation of Escherichia coli by R-factor DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 69(8), 2110-2114.
  • Darçın, E. S. (2007). Fen-teknoloji ve biyoloji öğretmen adayları için biyoteknoloji eğitiminin deneysel planlanması. Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • De la Hoz, M. C., Solé-Llussà, A., Haro, J., Gericke, N., & Valls, C. (2022). Student primary teachers’ knowledge and attitudes towards biotechnology—are they prepared to teach biotechnological literacy?. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 31(2), 203-216.
  • Ebel, R.L. and Frisbie, D.A. (1991) Essentials of Educational Measurement. 5th Edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs. Elmore, S. (2007). Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicologic pathology, 35(4), 495-516.
  • Finotello, F., & Di Camillo, B. (2015). Measuring differential gene expression with RNA-seq: challenges and strategies for data analysis. Briefings in functional genomics, 14(2), 130-142.
  • Fraenkel, J., Wallen, N., and Hyun, H.H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. (8th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill.
  • Hin, K. K., Yasin, R. M., & Amin, L. (2019). Systematic review of secondary school biotechnology teaching. International Research Journal of Education and Sciences, 3(2), 39-49.
  • Kelly Jr, T. J., & Smith, H. O. (1970). A restriction enzyme from Hemophilus influenzae: II. Base sequence of the recognition site. Journal of molecular biology, 51(2), 393-409.
  • Kidman, G. (2009). Attitudes and interests towards biotechnology: the mismatch between students and teachers. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 5(2), 135-143.
  • Kim, B., Kim, H. M., Kang, M. K., Sohn, D. H., & Han, S. J. (2020). 5′-UTR and ORF elements, as well as the 3′-UTR regulate the translation of Cyclin. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 527(4), 968-973.
  • Klop, T., & Severiens, S. (2007). An exploration of attitudes towards modern biotechnology: A study among Dutch secondary school students. International Journal of Science Education, 29(5), 663-679.
  • Klop, T., Severiens, S. E., Knippels, M. C. P., van Mil, M. H., & Ten Dam, G. T. (2010). Effects of a science education module on attitudes towards modern biotechnology of secondary school students. International Journal of Science Education, 32(9), 1127-1150.
  • Krug, M. S., & Berger, S. L. (1987). First-strand cDNA synthesis primed with oligo (dT). Methods in enzymology, 152.
  • Lamanauskas, V., & Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, R. (2008). Lithuanian university students’ knowledge of biotechnology and their attitudes to the taught subject. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 4(3), 269-277.
  • Lander,E.S., Linton,L.M., Birren,B., Nusbaum,C., Zody,M.C., Baldwin,J., Devon,K., Dewar,K., Doyle,M., FitzHugh,W. et al. (2001) Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature, 409, 860–921
  • Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
  • Li, J., & Zhang, Y. (2014). Relationship between promoter sequence and its strength in gene expression. The European physical journal E, 37, 1-6.
  • Mu, X. J., Lu, Z. J., Kong, Y., Lam, H. Y., & Gerstein, M. B. (2011). Analysis of genomic variation in non-coding elements using population-scale sequencing data from the 1000 Genomes Project. Nucleic acids research, 39(16), 7058-7076
  • OECD (2019), PISA 2018 Assessment and Analytical Framework, PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/b25efab8-en
  • Orhan, T.Y., (2019). Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Biyoteknolojiye İlişkin Laboratuvar Deneyimlerine Yenilikçi Öğretim Yaklaşımlarının Etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Muğla
  • Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2003). The PISA 2003 Assessment Framework: Mathematics, reading, science and problem solving knowledge and skills.
  • Paš, M., Vogrinc, J., Raspor, P., Udovč Kneževič, N., & Čehovin Zajc, J. (2019). Biotechnology learning in Slovenian upper-secondary education: Gaining knowledge and forming attitudes. Research in Science & Technological Education, 37(1), 110-125.
  • Peterson, P. L., Baker, E., & McGaw, B. (2010). International encyclopedia of education. Elsevier Ltd.
  • Pfeffer, C. M., & Singh, A. T. (2018). Apoptosis: a target for anticancer therapy. International journal of molecular sciences, 19(2), 448.
  • Pham, P. V. (2018). “Chapter 19- Medical Biotechnology: Techniques and Applications”( in Omics Technologies and Bio-engineering : Towards Improving Quality of Life, Eds: Barh D., Azevedo V.), Academic Press : Amsterdam, pp 449-469
  • Pray, L. (2008). Restriction enzymes. Nature education, 1(1), 38.
  • Pele, M; Campeanu, C; University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Romania. Biotechnology. An Introduction. Southampton: WIT, 2012. 332. ISBN: 9781283575348
  • Ratledge, C., & Kristiansen, B. (Eds.). (2001). Basic biotechnology. Cambridge University Press.
  • Roy, B., M Haupt, L., & R Griffiths, L. (2013). Alternative splicing (AS) of genes as an approach for generating protein complexity. Current genomics, 14(3), 182-194.
  • Rota, G., & Izquierdo, J. (2003). " Comics" as a tool for teaching biotechnology in primary schools. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 6(2), 85-89.
  • Schleicher, A. (2019). PISA 2018: Insights and interpretations. oecd Publishing.
  • Schneider, C. L. (2021). Bacteriophage-mediated horizontal gene transfer: transduction. Bacteriophages: biology, technology, therapy, 151-192.
  • Shao-Yen Chen & John Raffan (1999) Biotechnology: student's knowledge and attitudes in the LJK and Taiwan, Journal of Biological Education, 34:1, 17-23, DOI: 10.1080/00219266.1999.9655678
  • Singh, B.N., Gupta, V.K., Chen, J., Atanasov, A.G., 2017. Organic nanoparticle-based combinatory approaches for gene therapy. Trends Biotechnol. 35, 1121–1124.
  • Sorgo, A., & Ambrozis-Dolinsek, J. (2009). The relationship among knowledge of, attitudes toward and acceptance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) among Slovenian teachers. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 12(4), 1-2.
  • Soysal, T. (2021). Crispr Genom Düzenleme Teknolojileri: Patentlenebilirlikleri ve Covid-19 Salgınında Kullanımı. Adalet Dergisi, (66), 227-292.
  • Taj, M. K., Samreen, Z., Ling, J. X., Taj, I., Hassan, T. M., & Yunlin, W. (2014). Escherichia coli as a model organism. International Journal of Engineering Research and Science and Technology, 3(2), 1-8.
  • Thieman, W. J., & Palladino, M. A. (2014). Introduction to biotechnology. (3th ed.). Pearson Education Limited
  • Watson, J. D., Baker, T. A., Gann, A., Bell, S. P., Levine, M., & Losick, R. M., Harrison, S. C. (2013). Molecular biology of the gene. Seventh Edition. New York, USA: Pearson Education/ COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS Cold Spring Harbor, New York
  • Wieacker, P., & Steinhard, J. (2010). The prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases. Deutsches Aerzteblatt International, 107(48), 857.
  • Yeung, A.W.K., Tzvetkov, N.T., Gupta, V.K., Gupta, S.C., Orive, G., Bonn, G.K., Fiebich, B.,Bishayee, A., Efferth, T., Xiao, J., et al., 2019a.Current research in biotechnology: explor-ing the biotech forefront. Current Research in Biotechnology 1, 34–40.
  • Yüce, Z. 2011. Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Öğrencilerinin Biyoteknolojik Konusundaki Bilgileri ve Biyoteknoloji Uygulamalarına Yönelik Bioetik Yaklaşımları: Tutum, Görüş ve Değer Yargıları, Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Zhang, P., Wu, W., Chen, Q., & Chen, M. (2019). Non-coding RNAs and their integrated networks. Journal of integrative bioinformatics, 16(3).
  • Zhang, S., Shen, J., Li, D., & Cheng, Y. (2021). Strategies in the delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Theranostics, 11(2), 614.
  • Zhang, Y. (2013). RNA-induced Silencing Complex (RISC). Encyclopedia of Systems Biology, 1876–1876. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_329
  • Zimmer, M. (2002). Green fluorescent protein (GFP): applications, structure, and related photophysical behavior. Chemical reviews, 102(3), 759-782.
  • Zimmer, M. (2009). GFP: from jellyfish to the Nobel prize and beyond. Chemical Society Reviews, 38(10), 2823-2832.

Fen Bilimleri Öğretmen Adaylarının Biyoteknoloji Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri ve Biyoteknoloji Bilgileri

Year 2023, Issue: 58, 2879 - 2904, 27.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1335846

Abstract

21. yüzyılda bilimde en hızlı gelişen alanlardan birisi de biyoteknolojidir. Biyoteknoloji insan yaşamının birçok alanı etkilemektedir. Biyoteknolojik yönden gelişmiş ülkeler aynı zamanda fen okuryazarlığında da gelişmiştir. Biyoteknoloji okuryazarlığı da fen okuryazarlığının ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır. Toplumlarda fen okuryazarlığın, biyoteknoloji okuryazarlığın gelişmesinde en büyük rolün fen bilimleri öğretmenlerine ait olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle ülkemizde öğrencilerin biyoteknolojik okuryazarlıklarını oluşturmada çok etkin bir role sahip olan fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının kendi biyoteknolojik okuryazarlık düzeyleri merak edilmektedir. Bu araştırmada fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının biyoteknolojik okuryazarlık boyutları ve biyoteknoloji bilgilerinin nasıl olduğu ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının biyoteknoloji bilgileri ve biyoteknoloji okur yazarlık düzeylerini ortaya çıkarmak için test geliştirme sürecine uygun olarak hazırlanmış biyoteknoloji okuryazarlık testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada nicel araştırma türlerinden tarama araştırma yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu, yedi üniversitenin son sınıflarında eğitim gören fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarıdır. Biyoteknoloji okuryazarlık testinin fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarına uygulanması neticesinde adayların çoğunluğunun biyoteknoloji bilgilerinin ve biyoteknoloji okuryazarlık boyutların her birinde alt seviyede olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarında genetik ve biyoteknolojiye ait çok sayıda kavram yanılgısı tespit edilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

YOK

Project Number

YOK

Thanks

YOK

References

  • Açıkgül Fırat, E. (2015). Web 2.0 araçlarıyla desteklenen öğretimin öğretmen adaylarının biyoteknoloji okuryazarlıklarına etkisi [Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi]. İnönü Üniversitesi.
  • Açıkgül Fırat, E., & Köksal, M. S. (2019). Development and validation of the biotechnology literacy test. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 47(2), 179-188.
  • Arber, W., & Linn, S. (1969). DNA modification and restriction. Annual review of biochemistry, 38(1), 467-500.
  • Australia Education Council. (1994). Science- A Curriculum Profile for Australian Schools. Carlton, Australia: Curriculum Corporation.
  • Barrangou, R., Fremaux, C., Deveau, H., Richards, M., Boyaval, P., Moineau, S., & Horvath, P. (2007). CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes. Science, 315(5819), 1709-1712.
  • Bhatia S. Introduction to Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. IOP Publishing. 2018
  • Bybee, R. W. (1997) Achieving Scientific Literacy: From Purposes to Practices, Heinemann, Portsmouth, NH
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem A Yayıncılık, Ankara
  • Casanoves de la Hoz, M. (2015). Biotechnology literacy of future teachers: A new educational approach (Doctoral dissertation, Universitat Rovira i Virgili).
  • Casanoves, M., González, Á., Salvadó, Z., Haro, J., & Novo, M. (2015). Knowledge and attitudes towards biotechnology of elementary education preservice teachers: the first Spanish experience. International Journal of Science Education, 37(17), 2923-2941.
  • Chabalengula, V. M., Mumba, F., & Chitiyo, J. (2011). American elementary education pre-service teachers' attitudes towards biotechnology processes. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 6(4), 341-357.
  • Chabalengula, V. M., Mumba, F., & Chitiyo, J. (2011). Elementary education preservice teachers' understanding of biotechnology and its related processes. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, 39(4), 321-325.
  • Cohen, S. N., Chang, A. C., & Hsu, L. (1972). Nonchromosomal antibiotic resistance in bacteria: genetic transformation of Escherichia coli by R-factor DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 69(8), 2110-2114.
  • Darçın, E. S. (2007). Fen-teknoloji ve biyoloji öğretmen adayları için biyoteknoloji eğitiminin deneysel planlanması. Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • De la Hoz, M. C., Solé-Llussà, A., Haro, J., Gericke, N., & Valls, C. (2022). Student primary teachers’ knowledge and attitudes towards biotechnology—are they prepared to teach biotechnological literacy?. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 31(2), 203-216.
  • Ebel, R.L. and Frisbie, D.A. (1991) Essentials of Educational Measurement. 5th Edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs. Elmore, S. (2007). Apoptosis: a review of programmed cell death. Toxicologic pathology, 35(4), 495-516.
  • Finotello, F., & Di Camillo, B. (2015). Measuring differential gene expression with RNA-seq: challenges and strategies for data analysis. Briefings in functional genomics, 14(2), 130-142.
  • Fraenkel, J., Wallen, N., and Hyun, H.H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education. (8th ed.). Boston: McGraw Hill.
  • Hin, K. K., Yasin, R. M., & Amin, L. (2019). Systematic review of secondary school biotechnology teaching. International Research Journal of Education and Sciences, 3(2), 39-49.
  • Kelly Jr, T. J., & Smith, H. O. (1970). A restriction enzyme from Hemophilus influenzae: II. Base sequence of the recognition site. Journal of molecular biology, 51(2), 393-409.
  • Kidman, G. (2009). Attitudes and interests towards biotechnology: the mismatch between students and teachers. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 5(2), 135-143.
  • Kim, B., Kim, H. M., Kang, M. K., Sohn, D. H., & Han, S. J. (2020). 5′-UTR and ORF elements, as well as the 3′-UTR regulate the translation of Cyclin. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 527(4), 968-973.
  • Klop, T., & Severiens, S. (2007). An exploration of attitudes towards modern biotechnology: A study among Dutch secondary school students. International Journal of Science Education, 29(5), 663-679.
  • Klop, T., Severiens, S. E., Knippels, M. C. P., van Mil, M. H., & Ten Dam, G. T. (2010). Effects of a science education module on attitudes towards modern biotechnology of secondary school students. International Journal of Science Education, 32(9), 1127-1150.
  • Krug, M. S., & Berger, S. L. (1987). First-strand cDNA synthesis primed with oligo (dT). Methods in enzymology, 152.
  • Lamanauskas, V., & Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė, R. (2008). Lithuanian university students’ knowledge of biotechnology and their attitudes to the taught subject. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 4(3), 269-277.
  • Lander,E.S., Linton,L.M., Birren,B., Nusbaum,C., Zody,M.C., Baldwin,J., Devon,K., Dewar,K., Doyle,M., FitzHugh,W. et al. (2001) Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature, 409, 860–921
  • Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel psychology, 28(4), 563-575.
  • Li, J., & Zhang, Y. (2014). Relationship between promoter sequence and its strength in gene expression. The European physical journal E, 37, 1-6.
  • Mu, X. J., Lu, Z. J., Kong, Y., Lam, H. Y., & Gerstein, M. B. (2011). Analysis of genomic variation in non-coding elements using population-scale sequencing data from the 1000 Genomes Project. Nucleic acids research, 39(16), 7058-7076
  • OECD (2019), PISA 2018 Assessment and Analytical Framework, PISA, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/b25efab8-en
  • Orhan, T.Y., (2019). Fen Bilimleri Öğretmenlerinin Biyoteknolojiye İlişkin Laboratuvar Deneyimlerine Yenilikçi Öğretim Yaklaşımlarının Etkisi. Doktora Tezi, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Muğla
  • Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2003). The PISA 2003 Assessment Framework: Mathematics, reading, science and problem solving knowledge and skills.
  • Paš, M., Vogrinc, J., Raspor, P., Udovč Kneževič, N., & Čehovin Zajc, J. (2019). Biotechnology learning in Slovenian upper-secondary education: Gaining knowledge and forming attitudes. Research in Science & Technological Education, 37(1), 110-125.
  • Peterson, P. L., Baker, E., & McGaw, B. (2010). International encyclopedia of education. Elsevier Ltd.
  • Pfeffer, C. M., & Singh, A. T. (2018). Apoptosis: a target for anticancer therapy. International journal of molecular sciences, 19(2), 448.
  • Pham, P. V. (2018). “Chapter 19- Medical Biotechnology: Techniques and Applications”( in Omics Technologies and Bio-engineering : Towards Improving Quality of Life, Eds: Barh D., Azevedo V.), Academic Press : Amsterdam, pp 449-469
  • Pray, L. (2008). Restriction enzymes. Nature education, 1(1), 38.
  • Pele, M; Campeanu, C; University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Romania. Biotechnology. An Introduction. Southampton: WIT, 2012. 332. ISBN: 9781283575348
  • Ratledge, C., & Kristiansen, B. (Eds.). (2001). Basic biotechnology. Cambridge University Press.
  • Roy, B., M Haupt, L., & R Griffiths, L. (2013). Alternative splicing (AS) of genes as an approach for generating protein complexity. Current genomics, 14(3), 182-194.
  • Rota, G., & Izquierdo, J. (2003). " Comics" as a tool for teaching biotechnology in primary schools. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 6(2), 85-89.
  • Schleicher, A. (2019). PISA 2018: Insights and interpretations. oecd Publishing.
  • Schneider, C. L. (2021). Bacteriophage-mediated horizontal gene transfer: transduction. Bacteriophages: biology, technology, therapy, 151-192.
  • Shao-Yen Chen & John Raffan (1999) Biotechnology: student's knowledge and attitudes in the LJK and Taiwan, Journal of Biological Education, 34:1, 17-23, DOI: 10.1080/00219266.1999.9655678
  • Singh, B.N., Gupta, V.K., Chen, J., Atanasov, A.G., 2017. Organic nanoparticle-based combinatory approaches for gene therapy. Trends Biotechnol. 35, 1121–1124.
  • Sorgo, A., & Ambrozis-Dolinsek, J. (2009). The relationship among knowledge of, attitudes toward and acceptance of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) among Slovenian teachers. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 12(4), 1-2.
  • Soysal, T. (2021). Crispr Genom Düzenleme Teknolojileri: Patentlenebilirlikleri ve Covid-19 Salgınında Kullanımı. Adalet Dergisi, (66), 227-292.
  • Taj, M. K., Samreen, Z., Ling, J. X., Taj, I., Hassan, T. M., & Yunlin, W. (2014). Escherichia coli as a model organism. International Journal of Engineering Research and Science and Technology, 3(2), 1-8.
  • Thieman, W. J., & Palladino, M. A. (2014). Introduction to biotechnology. (3th ed.). Pearson Education Limited
  • Watson, J. D., Baker, T. A., Gann, A., Bell, S. P., Levine, M., & Losick, R. M., Harrison, S. C. (2013). Molecular biology of the gene. Seventh Edition. New York, USA: Pearson Education/ COLD SPRING HARBOR LABORATORY PRESS Cold Spring Harbor, New York
  • Wieacker, P., & Steinhard, J. (2010). The prenatal diagnosis of genetic diseases. Deutsches Aerzteblatt International, 107(48), 857.
  • Yeung, A.W.K., Tzvetkov, N.T., Gupta, V.K., Gupta, S.C., Orive, G., Bonn, G.K., Fiebich, B.,Bishayee, A., Efferth, T., Xiao, J., et al., 2019a.Current research in biotechnology: explor-ing the biotech forefront. Current Research in Biotechnology 1, 34–40.
  • Yüce, Z. 2011. Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Öğrencilerinin Biyoteknolojik Konusundaki Bilgileri ve Biyoteknoloji Uygulamalarına Yönelik Bioetik Yaklaşımları: Tutum, Görüş ve Değer Yargıları, Doktora Tezi, Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Zhang, P., Wu, W., Chen, Q., & Chen, M. (2019). Non-coding RNAs and their integrated networks. Journal of integrative bioinformatics, 16(3).
  • Zhang, S., Shen, J., Li, D., & Cheng, Y. (2021). Strategies in the delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Theranostics, 11(2), 614.
  • Zhang, Y. (2013). RNA-induced Silencing Complex (RISC). Encyclopedia of Systems Biology, 1876–1876. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9863-7_329
  • Zimmer, M. (2002). Green fluorescent protein (GFP): applications, structure, and related photophysical behavior. Chemical reviews, 102(3), 759-782.
  • Zimmer, M. (2009). GFP: from jellyfish to the Nobel prize and beyond. Chemical Society Reviews, 38(10), 2823-2832.
There are 59 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Science Education
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Naki Alkaya 0009-0001-8319-719X

Cemil Aydoğdu 0000-0003-1623-965X

Project Number YOK
Publication Date December 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Issue: 58

Cite

APA Alkaya, N., & Aydoğdu, C. (2023). Biotechnology Literacy Levels and Biotechnology Knowledge of Prospective Science Teachers. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi(58), 2879-2904. https://doi.org/10.53444/deubefd.1335846