Research Article
Psikolojik Danışman Eğitiminde Meslek Etiği: The Sopranos Dizisinden Etik ve Etik Olmayan Durum Örnekleri
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, The Sopranos dizisinin terapi ve terapi ile ilgili sahneleri üzerinden etik ve etik olmayan durum örnekleri sunmak ve etik karar verme süreçlerine yönelik destekleyici bir öğretim materyali oluşturmak amaçlanmıştır. Etik durumların değerlendirilmesinde Amerikan Psikolojik Danışma Derneği (ACA) ve Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Derneği (Türk PDR Der.) etik kodları referans alınmıştır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, The Sopranos dizisinin tüm bölümlerinde (6 sezon ve 86 bölüm) yer alan terapi sahneleri ve terapi ile ilişkili sahnelerden toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda; psikolojik danışma ilişkileri, çoklu ilişkiler, sınırlar, gizlilik, tehlikeli danışanlar ve mesleki yeterlilik konularında etik ve etik olmayan davranış örnekleri belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma, The Sopranos’taki terapi ve terapi ile ilgili sahnelerin psikolojik danışman eğitiminde meslek etiği öğretiminde deneyimsel öğrenme materyali olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
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Thanks
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References
- American Counseling Association [ACA] (2014). ACA Code of ethics: As approved by the ACA Government Council. http://www.counseling.org
- Bailey, K. D. (1982). Methods of social research (2nd ed.). The Free Press.
- Barnett, J. E., & Johnson, W. B. (2015). Ethics desk reference for counselors. John Wiley & Sons.
- Berk, R. A. (2009). Multimedia teaching with video clips: TV, movies, YouTube, and mtvU in the college classroom. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 5(1), 1–21.
- Bloom, B., Englehart, M. Furst, E., Hill, W., & Krathwohl, D. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. Longmans, Green.
- Bodenhorn, N. (2006). Exploratory study of common and challenging ethical dilemmas experienced by professional school counselors. Professional School Counseling, 10(2), 2156759X0601000203.
- Bond, T. (2017). Psikolojik danışmanlıkta etik ve yasal konular (B. Yeşilyaprak, Çev. Ed.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://dx.doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
- Capawana, M. R. (2016). Intimate attractions and sexual misconduct in the therapeutic relationship: Implications for socially just practice. Cogent Psychology, 3(1), 1194176.
- Chase, D. et al. (Creator/director/producer) (1999-2007). The Sopranos (TV series). Part: 1–86. HBO.
- Çetinkaya-Yıldız, E. (2019). Okul psikolojik danışmanlarının gizlilik, çoklu ilişkiler ve mesleki yeterlik konularındaki etik ikilemleri. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 1472–1486. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2019.-496179
- Corey, G., Corey, M. S., & Callanan, P. (2011). Issues and ethics in the helping professions. Brooks/Cole Publishing.
- Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative. Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River.
- Derin, S., & Çetinkaya-Yıldız, E. (2018). An Adlerian analysis of “The Kid” movie. Education and Science, 43(193), 317–335. https://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2018.6803
- Eden, A., Daalmans, S., Van Ommen, M., & Weljers, A. (2017). Melfi’s choice: Morally conflicted content leads to moral rumination in viewers. Journal of Media Ethics, 32(3), 142–153.
- Elkatawneh, H. H. (2013). The relationship between therapist and client. SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2377583
- Erickson, S. H. (2001). Multiple relationships in rural counseling. The Family Journal, 9(3), 302–304. Flouton Barnes, M. K. (2011). Cinematic sessions: the ethics of therapy in Hollywood film [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Smith College, Northampton, MA.
- Gabbard, G. O. (2002). The psychology of The Sopranos. Basic Books.
- Gibbs, G. R., (2007). Analyzing qualitative data. In U. Flick (Ed.), The Sage qualitative research kit. Sage Publishing.
- Gibson, D. M. (2007). Empathizing with Harry Potter: The use of popular literature in counselor education. The Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 46, 197–210. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1939.2007.tb00036.x
- Gibson, W. T., & Pope, K. S. (1993). The ethics of counseling: A national survey of certified counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71(3), 330–336.
- Henderson, K.L., & Malone, S.L. (2012). Ethical fairy tales: Using fairy tales as illustrative ethical dilemmas with counseling students. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health 7(1), 65–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2012.660128
- Internet Movie Database [IMDb] (2023). The Sopranos. 15 October 2023. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0141842/?ref_=fn_al_tt_2
- Jordan, A., & Meara, N. M. (1990). Ethics and the professional practice of psychologists: The role of virtues and principles. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 21(2), 107–14.
- Knapp, S. J., & Vandecreek, L. D. (2010). Practical ethics for psychologists: A positive approach. American Psychological Association.
- Koch, G., & Dollarhide, C. T. (2000). Using a popular film in counselor education: Good Will Hunting as a teaching tool. Counselor Education and Supervision, 39, 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2000.tb01232.x
- Koocher, G. P., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (2016). Ethics in psychology and the mental health professions (4rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
- Kress, V. E. W., Drouhard, N., & Costin, A. (2006). Students who self-injure: School counselor ethical and legal considerations. Professional School Counseling, 10(2), 203–209.
- Lehmann, C. (2002). Positive psychiatry portrayals a rarity in Hollywood. Psychiatric News, 37, 15–10. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publishing.
- Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (1999). Designing qualitative research (3rd ed.). Sage Publishing.
- Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. (2nd ed.). Sage Publishing.
- Pelsma, D. M., & Borgers, S. B. (1986). Experience-based ethics: A developmental model of learning ethical reasoning. Journal of Counseling and Development, 64(5), 311–314. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1986.tb01118.x
- Pettifor, J. L., & Sawchuk, T. R. (2006). Psychologists' perceptions of ethically troubling incidents across international borders. International Journal of Psychology, 41(3), 216–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590500343505
- Pope, K. S., & Tabachnick, B. G. (1993). Therapists' anger, hate, fear, and sexual feelings: National survey of therapist responses, client characteristics, critical events, formal complaints, and training. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24(2), 142–152.
- Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. (2007). Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling: A practical guide. John Wiley & Sons.
- Pope, K. S., Tabachnick, B. G., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (1987). Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of psychologists as therapists. American Psychologist, 42(11), 993–1006.
- Ruiz, A., Warchal, J., & You, D. (2020). Teaching ethics to undergraduate psychology students: Review of the evidence and recommendations. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 19(3), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475725720923434
- Schoener, G. R. (2008, May). Making training ethics and professional boundaries effective and dynamic. https://walkin.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/TrainingInEthics_0.pdf
- Sinclair, C., & Pettifor, J. (2001). Companion manual to the Canadian code of ethics for psychologists (3rd ed.). Canadian Psychological Association.
- Siviş-Çetinkaya, R. (2017). Ethical situations as observed on In Treatment: A descriptive content analysis. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 18(2), 501–526.
- Siviş-Çetinkaya, R. (2019). A combined approach to teaching counseling ethics: A preliminary study. British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 47(3), 274-282. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2017.1379594
- Siviş-Çetinkaya, T. (2015). Ethical judgments of counselors: Results from a Turkish sample. Ethics & Behavior, 25(5), 400–417. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2014.941981
- Smith, D., & Fitzpatrick, M. (1995). Patient-therapist boundary issues: An integrative review of theory and research. Professional psychology: Research & Practice, 26(5), 499–506.
- Thomason, T. (2008). Teaching counseling using video excerpts. Journal for the Professional Counselor, 22(3), 3–13.
- Toman, S. M., & Rak, C. F. (2000). The use of cinema in the counselor education curriculum: Strategies and outcomes. Counselor Education and Supervision, 40(2), 105–114. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2000.tb01242.x
- Turkish Guidance and Counseling Association [TGCA]. (2021). Psikolojik danışma etik kodları. [Counseling ethical codes]. Ankara.
- Villalba, J. A., & Redmond, R. E. (2008). Crash: Using a popular film as an experiential learning activity in a multicultural counseling course. Counselor Education and Supervision, 47, 264–276. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2008.tb00056.x
- Warren, J., Stech, M., Douglas, K., & Lambert, S. (2010). Enhancing case conceptualization through film: The addiction web. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 5(3), 228–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2010.507663
- Welfel, E. R. (2016). Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Standards, research, and emerging issues. Brooks/Cole Publishing.
Professional Ethics in Counselor Education: Ethical and Unethical Situations from The Sopranos TV Series
Abstract
The aim of this study was to present examples of ethical and unethical situations through therapy scenes and therapy-related scenes of The Sopranos TV series and to create a supportive teaching material for ethical decision-making processes. The ethical codes of American Counseling Association (ACA) and Turkish Counseling and Guidance Association (TCGA) were taken as reference in the evaluation of ethical situations. Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. Research data were collected from therapy scenes and therapy-related scenes in all episodes of The Sopranos series (6 seasons and 86 episodes). As a result of this research; ethical and unethical behavior examples were determined in counseling relationships, multiple relationships, boundaries, confidentiality, dangerous clients and professional competence. This study shows that the therapy and scenes related to therapy in The Sopranos can be used as experiential learning materials while teaching professional ethics in counselor education.
Project Number
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References
- American Counseling Association [ACA] (2014). ACA Code of ethics: As approved by the ACA Government Council. http://www.counseling.org
- Bailey, K. D. (1982). Methods of social research (2nd ed.). The Free Press.
- Barnett, J. E., & Johnson, W. B. (2015). Ethics desk reference for counselors. John Wiley & Sons.
- Berk, R. A. (2009). Multimedia teaching with video clips: TV, movies, YouTube, and mtvU in the college classroom. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 5(1), 1–21.
- Bloom, B., Englehart, M. Furst, E., Hill, W., & Krathwohl, D. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. Longmans, Green.
- Bodenhorn, N. (2006). Exploratory study of common and challenging ethical dilemmas experienced by professional school counselors. Professional School Counseling, 10(2), 2156759X0601000203.
- Bond, T. (2017). Psikolojik danışmanlıkta etik ve yasal konular (B. Yeşilyaprak, Çev. Ed.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://dx.doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027
- Capawana, M. R. (2016). Intimate attractions and sexual misconduct in the therapeutic relationship: Implications for socially just practice. Cogent Psychology, 3(1), 1194176.
- Chase, D. et al. (Creator/director/producer) (1999-2007). The Sopranos (TV series). Part: 1–86. HBO.
- Çetinkaya-Yıldız, E. (2019). Okul psikolojik danışmanlarının gizlilik, çoklu ilişkiler ve mesleki yeterlik konularındaki etik ikilemleri. Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(4), 1472–1486. https://doi.org/10.17240/aibuefd.2019.-496179
- Corey, G., Corey, M. S., & Callanan, P. (2011). Issues and ethics in the helping professions. Brooks/Cole Publishing.
- Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative. Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River.
- Derin, S., & Çetinkaya-Yıldız, E. (2018). An Adlerian analysis of “The Kid” movie. Education and Science, 43(193), 317–335. https://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2018.6803
- Eden, A., Daalmans, S., Van Ommen, M., & Weljers, A. (2017). Melfi’s choice: Morally conflicted content leads to moral rumination in viewers. Journal of Media Ethics, 32(3), 142–153.
- Elkatawneh, H. H. (2013). The relationship between therapist and client. SSRN Electronic Journal, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2377583
- Erickson, S. H. (2001). Multiple relationships in rural counseling. The Family Journal, 9(3), 302–304. Flouton Barnes, M. K. (2011). Cinematic sessions: the ethics of therapy in Hollywood film [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Smith College, Northampton, MA.
- Gabbard, G. O. (2002). The psychology of The Sopranos. Basic Books.
- Gibbs, G. R., (2007). Analyzing qualitative data. In U. Flick (Ed.), The Sage qualitative research kit. Sage Publishing.
- Gibson, D. M. (2007). Empathizing with Harry Potter: The use of popular literature in counselor education. The Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 46, 197–210. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1939.2007.tb00036.x
- Gibson, W. T., & Pope, K. S. (1993). The ethics of counseling: A national survey of certified counselors. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71(3), 330–336.
- Henderson, K.L., & Malone, S.L. (2012). Ethical fairy tales: Using fairy tales as illustrative ethical dilemmas with counseling students. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health 7(1), 65–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2012.660128
- Internet Movie Database [IMDb] (2023). The Sopranos. 15 October 2023. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0141842/?ref_=fn_al_tt_2
- Jordan, A., & Meara, N. M. (1990). Ethics and the professional practice of psychologists: The role of virtues and principles. Professional Psychology, Research and Practice, 21(2), 107–14.
- Knapp, S. J., & Vandecreek, L. D. (2010). Practical ethics for psychologists: A positive approach. American Psychological Association.
- Koch, G., & Dollarhide, C. T. (2000). Using a popular film in counselor education: Good Will Hunting as a teaching tool. Counselor Education and Supervision, 39, 203–210. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2000.tb01232.x
- Koocher, G. P., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (2016). Ethics in psychology and the mental health professions (4rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
- Kress, V. E. W., Drouhard, N., & Costin, A. (2006). Students who self-injure: School counselor ethical and legal considerations. Professional School Counseling, 10(2), 203–209.
- Lehmann, C. (2002). Positive psychiatry portrayals a rarity in Hollywood. Psychiatric News, 37, 15–10. Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publishing.
- Marshall, C., & Rossman, G. B. (1999). Designing qualitative research (3rd ed.). Sage Publishing.
- Miles, M. B., & Huberman, M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. (2nd ed.). Sage Publishing.
- Pelsma, D. M., & Borgers, S. B. (1986). Experience-based ethics: A developmental model of learning ethical reasoning. Journal of Counseling and Development, 64(5), 311–314. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1986.tb01118.x
- Pettifor, J. L., & Sawchuk, T. R. (2006). Psychologists' perceptions of ethically troubling incidents across international borders. International Journal of Psychology, 41(3), 216–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207590500343505
- Pope, K. S., & Tabachnick, B. G. (1993). Therapists' anger, hate, fear, and sexual feelings: National survey of therapist responses, client characteristics, critical events, formal complaints, and training. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 24(2), 142–152.
- Pope, K. S., & Vasquez, M. J. (2007). Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling: A practical guide. John Wiley & Sons.
- Pope, K. S., Tabachnick, B. G., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (1987). Ethics of practice: The beliefs and behaviors of psychologists as therapists. American Psychologist, 42(11), 993–1006.
- Ruiz, A., Warchal, J., & You, D. (2020). Teaching ethics to undergraduate psychology students: Review of the evidence and recommendations. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 19(3), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475725720923434
- Schoener, G. R. (2008, May). Making training ethics and professional boundaries effective and dynamic. https://walkin.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/TrainingInEthics_0.pdf
- Sinclair, C., & Pettifor, J. (2001). Companion manual to the Canadian code of ethics for psychologists (3rd ed.). Canadian Psychological Association.
- Siviş-Çetinkaya, R. (2017). Ethical situations as observed on In Treatment: A descriptive content analysis. Ege Eğitim Dergisi, 18(2), 501–526.
- Siviş-Çetinkaya, R. (2019). A combined approach to teaching counseling ethics: A preliminary study. British Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 47(3), 274-282. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069885.2017.1379594
- Siviş-Çetinkaya, T. (2015). Ethical judgments of counselors: Results from a Turkish sample. Ethics & Behavior, 25(5), 400–417. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2014.941981
- Smith, D., & Fitzpatrick, M. (1995). Patient-therapist boundary issues: An integrative review of theory and research. Professional psychology: Research & Practice, 26(5), 499–506.
- Thomason, T. (2008). Teaching counseling using video excerpts. Journal for the Professional Counselor, 22(3), 3–13.
- Toman, S. M., & Rak, C. F. (2000). The use of cinema in the counselor education curriculum: Strategies and outcomes. Counselor Education and Supervision, 40(2), 105–114. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2000.tb01242.x
- Turkish Guidance and Counseling Association [TGCA]. (2021). Psikolojik danışma etik kodları. [Counseling ethical codes]. Ankara.
- Villalba, J. A., & Redmond, R. E. (2008). Crash: Using a popular film as an experiential learning activity in a multicultural counseling course. Counselor Education and Supervision, 47, 264–276. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2008.tb00056.x
- Warren, J., Stech, M., Douglas, K., & Lambert, S. (2010). Enhancing case conceptualization through film: The addiction web. Journal of Creativity in Mental Health, 5(3), 228–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/15401383.2010.507663
- Welfel, E. R. (2016). Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Standards, research, and emerging issues. Brooks/Cole Publishing.
There are 49 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Studies on Education |
| Journal Section | Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | -- |
| Publication Date | December 31, 2023 |
| Submission Date | October 21, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 52 Issue: 3 |
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