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Projections on the Future of Civil-Military Relations in Argentina and Turkey

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 103 - 110, 22.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.775108

Abstract

In social sciences, there has always been a scholarly attention on civil-military relations in terms of democratic values. Several theoretical approaches try to understand/figure out the best civil-military establishment in a democracy. Concordance theory suggests that citizenry is an indispensable part of civil-military relations in a given society because military may legitimize its actions in the political arena based on the public perception. The main purpose of this study is to figure out that who supports military in Argentina and Turkey, and what can be the reason to do so. Argentina and Turkey have been through similar experiences in their histories but in this study I focus on the differences. There is no intention in this study to confirm, or refute, civil-military relations theories.

References

  • Alkan, A. T. (2013). Ikinci Mesrutiyet Doneminde Ordu ve Siyaset (Military and Politics in the second Contitutionalism). Istanbul: Otuken Nesriyat.
  • Arnoso-Martinez, M., Arnoso-Martinez, A., & Perez-Sales, P. (2012). Social representations of the past: Argentine military dictatorship in collective memory. Revista De Psicologia Social, 27(3), 259–272.
  • Balci, A. (2010). A Trajectory of Competing Narratives: The Turkish Media Debate Ergenekon. Mediterranean Quarterly, 21(1), 76–100. https://doi.org/10.1215/10474552-2009-035
  • Cizre, U., & Walker, J. (2010). Conceiving the New Turkey After Ergenekon. The International Spectator: Italian Journal of International Affairs, 45(1), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/03932721003661640
  • Cwik, C. (2009). The Other Immigration to Argentina: the Case of Adolf Eichman. Clio America, 3(5), 85–103. Demirel, T. (2005). Lessons of Military Regimes and Democracy: The Turkish Case in a Comparative Perspective. Armed Forces & Society, 31(2), 245–271.
  • Fleckenstein, B. (2000). Germany: Forerunner of a Post-national Military. In D. R. Moskos Charles C., Williams, John Allen, Segal (Ed.), The Postmodern Military (pp. 80–100). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Goni, U. (2002). The Real Odessa: How Peron Brought the Nazi War Criminals to Argentina. London: Granta Books.
  • Heper, M., & Guney, A. (2000). The military and the consolidation of democracy: The recent Turkish experience. Armed Forces & Society, 26(4), 635–657. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X0002600407
  • Hunter, W. (1998). Negotiating Civil-Military Relations in Post-Authoritarian Argentina and Chile. International Studies Quarterly, 42(2), 295–317. https://doi.org/papers2://publication/uuid/270D4400-9E85-4071-AFCA-85D03987EF67
  • Huntington, S. P. (1957). The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations. America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780333977972
  • Huntington, S. P. (1997). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order by Samuel P. Huntington:The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. American Journal of Sociology, 103, 475–477. https://doi.org/10.1086/231221
  • Hur, A. (2014). Oteki Tarih: Kemalist Devrimler ve Isyanlar (The Other History: Kemalist Revolutions and Resurrections). Istanbul: Profil yayincilik.
  • Ihrig, S. (2014). Ataturk in the Nazi Imagination. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Jenkins, G. (2001). How the Turkish Military Influences Policy. The Adelphi Papers, 41(337), 41–55.
  • Jenkins, G. (2007). Continuity and change: Prospects for civil-military relations in Turkey. International Affairs, 83(2), 339–355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2007.00622.x
  • Kaya, S. (2014). Endoktrinasyon ve Turkiye’de Toplum Muhendisligi. Istanbul: Nirengi Kitap.
  • MacLachlan, C. M. (2006). Argentina: What Went Wrong? Westport: Preager Publishers.
  • Moskos, C. C., Williams, J. A., & Segal, D. R. (2000). The Postmodern Military: Armed Forces After the Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.br/books?id=9G4z0UbK72IC
  • Narayan, S., & Krosnick, J. a. (2011). Education Moderates Some Response Effects in Attitude Measurement. Public Opinion Quarterly, 60(1), 58–88. https://doi.org/10.1086/297739
  • Ors, H. B. (2010). The Perception of the Army by Armenian Minorities Living in Turkey. Armed Forces & Society, 36(4), 604–626. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X09344060
  • Outwater, M. E. (2004). The Effect Of Educatıon And Medıa Coverage On Publıc Opınıon Of The Supreme Court And Congress. Ohio State.
  • Rock, D. (1975). Politics in Argentina - 1890 - 1930: The Rise and Fall of Radicalism. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sarigil, Z. (2015). Public Opinion and Attitude toward the Military and Democratic Consolidation in Turkey. Armed Forces & Society, 41(2), 282–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X13504573
  • Schiff, R. (2009). The Military and Domestic Politics: A Concordance Theory of Civil-military Relations. New York: Routledge.
  • Schiff, R. L. (1995). Civil-Military Relations Reconsidered: A Theory of Concordance. Armed Forces & Society, 22(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X9502200101
  • Schiff, R. L. (2009). The Military and Domestic Politics: A Concordance Theory of Civil-Military Relations. New York: Routledge.
  • Trinkunas, H. A. (2000). Crafting Civilian Control in Emerging Democracies: Argentina and Venezuela. Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 42(3), 77–109.
  • Weakliem, D. L. (2002). The Effects of Education on Political Opinions: An International Study. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 13(2), 141–157. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/14.2.141
  • Zürcher, E. J. (2010). The Young Turk Legacy and Nation Building. London: I. B. Tauris.

Arjantin ve Türkiye’de Asker-Sivil İlişkilerinin Geleceği Üzerine Tahminler

Year 2021, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 103 - 110, 22.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.775108

Abstract

Sosyal bilimlerde demokratik değerler zaviyesinden asker-sivil ilişkilerine yönelik akademik ilgi hep var olagelmiştir. Bir demokratik rejim için en iyi asker-sivil ilişki düzenini anlamaya çalışan çeşitli teorik yaklaşımlar vardır. Uyum Teorisi, vatandaşlığın herhangi bir toplumda asker-sivil ilişkilerinin vazgeçilemez bir parçasını olduğunu ileri sürer çünkü ordu siyasi alandaki eylemlerini kamuoyuna dayanarak meşrulaştırabilir. Bu çalışmanın başlıca amacı Arjantin ve Türkiye’de kim, neden askeri destekliyor sorusuna karşılaştırmalı cevap bulmaktır. Arjantin ve Türkiye kendi tarihleri boyunca benzer tecrübeler yaşamışlar ancak bu çalışma farklılıklara odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada mevcut asker sivil ilişkileri teorileri desteklenmeye yahut çürütülmeye çalışılmamaktadır

References

  • Alkan, A. T. (2013). Ikinci Mesrutiyet Doneminde Ordu ve Siyaset (Military and Politics in the second Contitutionalism). Istanbul: Otuken Nesriyat.
  • Arnoso-Martinez, M., Arnoso-Martinez, A., & Perez-Sales, P. (2012). Social representations of the past: Argentine military dictatorship in collective memory. Revista De Psicologia Social, 27(3), 259–272.
  • Balci, A. (2010). A Trajectory of Competing Narratives: The Turkish Media Debate Ergenekon. Mediterranean Quarterly, 21(1), 76–100. https://doi.org/10.1215/10474552-2009-035
  • Cizre, U., & Walker, J. (2010). Conceiving the New Turkey After Ergenekon. The International Spectator: Italian Journal of International Affairs, 45(1), 89–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/03932721003661640
  • Cwik, C. (2009). The Other Immigration to Argentina: the Case of Adolf Eichman. Clio America, 3(5), 85–103. Demirel, T. (2005). Lessons of Military Regimes and Democracy: The Turkish Case in a Comparative Perspective. Armed Forces & Society, 31(2), 245–271.
  • Fleckenstein, B. (2000). Germany: Forerunner of a Post-national Military. In D. R. Moskos Charles C., Williams, John Allen, Segal (Ed.), The Postmodern Military (pp. 80–100). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Goni, U. (2002). The Real Odessa: How Peron Brought the Nazi War Criminals to Argentina. London: Granta Books.
  • Heper, M., & Guney, A. (2000). The military and the consolidation of democracy: The recent Turkish experience. Armed Forces & Society, 26(4), 635–657. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X0002600407
  • Hunter, W. (1998). Negotiating Civil-Military Relations in Post-Authoritarian Argentina and Chile. International Studies Quarterly, 42(2), 295–317. https://doi.org/papers2://publication/uuid/270D4400-9E85-4071-AFCA-85D03987EF67
  • Huntington, S. P. (1957). The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations. America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780333977972
  • Huntington, S. P. (1997). The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order by Samuel P. Huntington:The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. American Journal of Sociology, 103, 475–477. https://doi.org/10.1086/231221
  • Hur, A. (2014). Oteki Tarih: Kemalist Devrimler ve Isyanlar (The Other History: Kemalist Revolutions and Resurrections). Istanbul: Profil yayincilik.
  • Ihrig, S. (2014). Ataturk in the Nazi Imagination. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Jenkins, G. (2001). How the Turkish Military Influences Policy. The Adelphi Papers, 41(337), 41–55.
  • Jenkins, G. (2007). Continuity and change: Prospects for civil-military relations in Turkey. International Affairs, 83(2), 339–355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2007.00622.x
  • Kaya, S. (2014). Endoktrinasyon ve Turkiye’de Toplum Muhendisligi. Istanbul: Nirengi Kitap.
  • MacLachlan, C. M. (2006). Argentina: What Went Wrong? Westport: Preager Publishers.
  • Moskos, C. C., Williams, J. A., & Segal, D. R. (2000). The Postmodern Military: Armed Forces After the Cold War. New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.br/books?id=9G4z0UbK72IC
  • Narayan, S., & Krosnick, J. a. (2011). Education Moderates Some Response Effects in Attitude Measurement. Public Opinion Quarterly, 60(1), 58–88. https://doi.org/10.1086/297739
  • Ors, H. B. (2010). The Perception of the Army by Armenian Minorities Living in Turkey. Armed Forces & Society, 36(4), 604–626. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X09344060
  • Outwater, M. E. (2004). The Effect Of Educatıon And Medıa Coverage On Publıc Opınıon Of The Supreme Court And Congress. Ohio State.
  • Rock, D. (1975). Politics in Argentina - 1890 - 1930: The Rise and Fall of Radicalism. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sarigil, Z. (2015). Public Opinion and Attitude toward the Military and Democratic Consolidation in Turkey. Armed Forces & Society, 41(2), 282–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X13504573
  • Schiff, R. (2009). The Military and Domestic Politics: A Concordance Theory of Civil-military Relations. New York: Routledge.
  • Schiff, R. L. (1995). Civil-Military Relations Reconsidered: A Theory of Concordance. Armed Forces & Society, 22(1), 7–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095327X9502200101
  • Schiff, R. L. (2009). The Military and Domestic Politics: A Concordance Theory of Civil-Military Relations. New York: Routledge.
  • Trinkunas, H. A. (2000). Crafting Civilian Control in Emerging Democracies: Argentina and Venezuela. Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs, 42(3), 77–109.
  • Weakliem, D. L. (2002). The Effects of Education on Political Opinions: An International Study. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 13(2), 141–157. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijpor/14.2.141
  • Zürcher, E. J. (2010). The Young Turk Legacy and Nation Building. London: I. B. Tauris.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Adem Üstün Çatalbaş 0000-0002-0870-0883

Publication Date February 22, 2021
Acceptance Date December 18, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çatalbaş, A. Ü. (2021). Projections on the Future of Civil-Military Relations in Argentina and Turkey. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(1), 103-110. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.775108

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